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Aim To observe the effect of thalidomide on the learning and memory ability and hippocampal tissue proteome of Alzheimer's disease(AD)mice,to screen the differential proteins of thalidomide in preventing and treating AD,the pathways involved in regulation,and to explore its possible mechanism. Methods The experimental mice were randomly divided into blank control group,model group,and thalidomide high and low dose groups. The drugs were administered by gavage every day for 21 days. After the administration,Morris water maze test was used to evaluate the learning and memory abilities of the mice,HE staining and Nissl staining were used to observe the pathological tissue morphology of the mouse hippocampus,ELISA was employed to detect the mitochondrial respiratory chain enzyme complex in mouse brain,and the Label-free proteomics method was used to screen different groups of hippocampal proteome proteins. Results The results of the Morris water maze showed that compared with the model group,the escape latency time of the drug group was significantly reduced,and the number of crossing the platform significantly increased(P<0.05). Thalidomide administration could improve the morphological structure of neurons in hippocampus,and could increase the activity of the mitochondrial respiratory chain complex ,Ⅱ, and of the brain tissues of AD mice(P<0.05). A total of 4 378 differential proteins were identified,which had a significant regulatory effect on the expression of 580 proteins in hippocampus of AD mice(P<0.05). Energy metabolism may jointly participate in the regulation of neurodegeneration pathways-changes in pathways such as various diseases and Alzheimer's disease. Conclusions Thalidomide can significantly improve the learning and memory function of AD model mice induced by Aβ
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OBJECTIVE@#To analyze the clinical efficacy of haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (haplo-HSCT) by using parental donors on thalassemia patients.@*METHODS@#The 13 thalassemia patients treated by haplo-HSCT using parental donors in our hospital from July 1, 2016, to July 1, 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. Hematopoiesis reconstitution, the incidence of GVHD, infections and the long-term survival of the patients were analyzed.@*RESULTS@#Twelve of the 13 patients were successfully implanted, the success rate of implantation was 92.3%. The median time of neutrophil and platelet engraftment was 12.5 days (range, 9-22 days) and 21 days (range,12-34 days), respectively. One patient achieved primary graft failure. Three (25%) patients developed to acute GVHD (aGVHD) and achieved complete remission after treatment. Chronic GVHD developed in three (25%) patients, one of them was extensive and under treatment, while one patient developed to severe bacterial infection (7.7%). CMV viremia was diagnosed in two patients (15.4%). There were no patients developed to CMV disease. Three (23.1%) patients achieved EB viremia after transplantation, one of them developed to EBV-related lymphocytic proliferative disease, while there were no patients showed invasive fungal infection. At the last follow-up, all patients survived, twelve of them were free from transfusion dependency. There were no transplant-related deaths. Projected overall and thalassemia-free survival at three years was 100% and 92.3%, respectively.@*CONCLUSION@#The transplant protocol of haplo-HSCT by using parental donors in patients with thalassemia has reliable source of donors, high incidence of successful implantation and low incidence of GVHD, which can be used as an effective way to increase the source of donors in children with thalassemia.
Subject(s)
Child , Humans , Cytomegalovirus Infections , Graft vs Host Disease , Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation , Parents , Retrospective Studies , Thalassemia/therapy , Transplantation Conditioning/methods , Treatment Outcome , ViremiaABSTRACT
Short-term intermittent fasting (IF) is beneficial to weight control in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, but the impact of long-term IF is not clear. In this study, healthy C57BL/6N mice with 4-month alternate day fasting (ADF) were used to study the effects of long-term IF on systemic and liver lipid metabolism. The results showed that, compared with the Ad Libitum group, the weight and food conversion rate of mice in the ADF group were markedly decreased and increased respectively, and the liver index and the liver content of triglyceride were significantly increased by pathological examination. qRT-PCR analysis revealed that the mRNA expression of the lipogenesis gene Pparγ and lipolysis gene Atgl was up-regulated in the ADF group (P < 0.05). Western blot analysis showed that the ratio of microtubule associated protein LC3-II/LC3-I was increased, while the abundance of autophagy adaptor protein p62 was decreased in the ADF group. In addition, autophagy signal positive regulation key factor AMPK phosphorylation was increased (P < 0.05), and negative regulation factor mTOR phosphorylation was decreased (P < 0.05) in the ADF group, indicating that hepatocyte autophagy activity was elevated. Taken together, ADF for 4 months results in an excessive liver triglyceride accumulation, accompanied by a marked decrease in liver mTOR phosphorylation and a significant increase in hepatic autophagy.
Subject(s)
Mice , Animals , Intermittent Fasting , Mice, Inbred C57BL , Liver/pathology , TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases , Lipid Metabolism , Autophagy , TriglyceridesABSTRACT
@#Bone tissue engineering, as an emerging method for the treatment of jaw defects caused by oral and maxillofacial trauma, inflammation, tumors and other diseases, has been a research hotspot due to its advantages of wide sources of materials, low risk of immune rejection and personalized treatment. However, due to functional activities such as chewing and expression in the oral and maxillofacial regions, the mechanical strength of scaffolds is highly required. A single component of scaffolds can not fully meet the requirements of oral and maxillofacial bone defect repair. In this paper, the methods of strengthening the mechanical strength of jaw bone tissue engineering scaffolds are summarized by summarizing the research on strengthening the mechanical strength of scaffolds in recent years. A review of the literature showed that, composite modification, crosslinking, coating, bionic scaffolding and other new processing methods have been used to enhance the mechanical strength of scaffolds. Among these studies, research on compound modification occurred the earliest. Although this process is simple, other substances have been introduced to increase the number of degradation products, and the compounding ratio needs to be adjusted. The crosslinking method has the risk of cytotoxicity due to the use of crosslinking agents; the coating method does not change the original structure and only changes the surface modification; however, it can be better utilized if the problem of stress concentration between interfaces is solved. Biomimetic scaffolds and microregulatory scaffolds are emerging technologies in recent years that can improve the internal molecular arrangement of materials, thus enhancing mechanical strength. Therefore, on the basis of perfecting the traditional method, future research will focus on new nanoscale materials, bionic scaffolds and new methods for the precise control of scaffold microstructure.
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Metformin is an oral hypoglycemic drug widely used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Epidemiological studies have showed that metformin is deeply involved in the prevention and treatment of cancer. And the antitumor mechanism of the effect of metformin has become a hot spot under intensive study. Most studies suggest that the pharmacological effect of metformin on cancer depends on the activation of adenosine monophosphate activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway. Recently, some researchers proposed the anti-tumor mechanism of metformin through the AMPK independent pathway. Metformin affects the growth, invasion and migration of tumor cells by improving insulin sensitivity, down-regulating Ras-related GTP-binding protein Rag activity and the expressions of DNA damage response regulator gene 1 (Reddl), inhibiting the mammalian target of Rapamycin signaling pathways, and reducing the activity of Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate and the protein expression of cell division cycle 42 and matrix metalloproteinases. In this paper, the antitumor effect and related mechanism of metformin independent of AMPK pathway are summarized, which offers a new perspective from which to explore the antitumor effect of metformin.
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Quality marker (Q-marker) is one of the new directions in the research of quality control of Chinese materia medica. The Q-marker can be either quality chemomarker (Q-chemomarker) or quality biomarker (Q-biomarker). The establishment of a good Q-biomarker can improve the linkage of Chinese medicine quality control methods and standards with clinical safety and effectiveness, at the same time considering the operability of quality control. At present, the FDA of China and the United States have adopted biological evaluation methods as an important part of quality control of Chinese medicines and botanicals medicines. Many companies and researchers are also actively exploring and developing methods for the evaluation of quality of Chinese materia medica. This paper further enlarges and expands the methods and indicators of biological evaluation of Chinese materia medica, and summarizes and analyzes relevant research examples from the perspective of Q-biomarker. We hope that it would promote the richness and development of the theoretical system of Chinese medicine quality markers, so as to provide a reference to solve the practical problems for the quality control and evaluation of Chinese materia medica.
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Objective To investigate the effect of adenovirus vector encoding hepatocyte growth factor gene (Ad-HGF) on learning and memory ability and expression of bcl-2 and bax protein in hippocampal CA1 region of rats with hypertension and hyperlipemia.Methods Thirty male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into control group,model group and Ad-HGF group,with 10 rats in each group.The rats in model group and Ad-HGF group were given bilateral renal artery stenosis operation under aseptic condition to establish experimental renal hypertension;one week after operation,the rats were fed with high fat diet for 16 weeks.The rats in control group were only separated the bilateral renal arteries,and then were given normal diet for 16 weeks after the operation.After modeling,the rats in Ad-HGF group were injected with Ad-HGF (10 μL) throuth cisterna magna;the rats in control group and model group were injected with the same volume of saline through cisterna magna.The learning and memory ability of rats were evaluated by Morris water maze test at 10 d after administration;the expression of bcl-2 and bax protein in hippocampus CA1 region were detected by immunohistochemistry.Results The escape latency of rats in model group was significantly longer than that in the control group,the number of cross platform and target quadrant time were significantly less than those in the control group (P ＜ 0.05);the escape latency of rats in Ad-HGF group was significantly shorter than that in the model group,the number of cross platform and target quadrant time were significantly more than those in the model group (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with the control group,the number of the bcl-2 and bax protein positive cells in hippocampal CA1 region of rats in the model group was increased,and the ratio of bcl-2/bax was decreased(P ＜0.05);compared with the model group,the number of the bcl-2 protein positive cells in hippocampal CA1 region of rats in AdHGF group was increased,but the number of bax protein positive cells was decreased,and the ratio of bcl-2/bax was increased (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Exogenous Ad-HGF can significantly improve the learning and memory ability of rats with hypertensive and hyperlipidemia,and it play a neuroprotective role in the brain,which may be related to the inhibition of apoptosis of hippocampal neurons.
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Objective:To observe the clinical effect of lower-reinforcing and upper-reducing acupuncture method for hyperplasia of mammary gland (HMG) and its influence on estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P).Methods:A randomized,single-blinded and controlled trial was conducted.A total of 124 cases conforming to the inclusion criteria were randomized by random number table into a treatment group and a control group,with 62 cases in each group.Patients in both groups received acupuncture therapy at the same acupoints,while patients in the treatment group received lower-reinforcing and upper-reducing method,and patients in the control group received even reinforcing-reducing manipulation.The treatment started around 10 d before menstruation and was conducted every other day.Patients received 5 treatments in each menstruation cycle for consecutive 3 cycles.The levels of E2,P and E2/P and clinical efficacy were measured before and after treatment.Results:After treatment,the breast lump size,pain intensity and concomitant symptoms score in both groups were substantially lower than those before treatment,showing statistical significances (all P＜0.01),and the improvement in the treatment group was higher than that in the control group,and the between-group comparisons showed statistical significances (all P＜0.01).After treatment,the overall effective rate was 91.9％ in the treatment group,higher than 72.6％ in the control group,and the between-group comparison showed a statistical significance (P＜0.01).After treatment,levels of E2,P and E2/P value showed no statistical significance when compared with those before treatment in the two groups (all P＞0.05).Conclusion:Lower-reinforcing and upper-reducing acupuncture method can effectively alleviate clinical symptoms and signs in HMG patients,and produce a better effect than even reinforcing-reducing manipulation.The majority of HMG patients' E2,P level and E2/P value were not beyond the normal ranges;therefore,acupuncture showed no substantial influence on E2 and P levels and E2/P value.
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Objective: To investigate the effects of the water extract of Cannabis Fructus on intestinal flora structure, short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) levels, and pathological changes of colonic inflammation, and explore its scientific connotation of laxative action. Methods: A total of 48 Wistar rats (SPF grade), sex in half, were randomly divided into control group, model group, Cannabis Fructus water extract group, and positive control group. The rats of model group were caused constipation and enteric flora disturbance by diphenoxylate. The bacterial counts in the fresh stool were tested by plate count method 28 days after administration, and the changes of intestinal flora structure in cecum was detected by PCR-DGGE method, the contents of SCFAs in cecum were determinated by GC method, and the coton pathological score of the rats were studied by HE staining method. Results: Compared with the blank group, the number of Escherichia coli and Bifidobacterium was increased but Bacillus acidi lactici was decreased significantly (P < 0.05, 0.01) in fresh stool of the model group. The ratio of Firmicutes bacteria to Bacteroides bacteria was increased, the number of Butyricicoccus and Cillobacterium was decreased, the concentration of acetic acid and butyric acid was increased significantly (P < 0.05, 0.01), and the pathology score of colon was increased significantly (P < 0.01). Compared with the model group, Cannabis Fructus water extract can adjust the ratio of Firmicutes bacteria to Bacteroides bacteria, increase the number of Cillobacterium, Butyricicoccus, Blautia, and Oscillibacter in cecum, decrease the number of Clostridium IV, etc., decrease the concentration of acetic acid and butyric acid (P < 0.05), reduce the pathology score, and improve the damage of intestinal structure (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Cannabis Fructus water extract can alleviate constipation and accelerate the recovery of colitis injury in model rats. The functional route of Cannabis Fructus water extract may relate to the disorder of intestinal flora balance adjustment and effect of the concentration of SCFAs so as to change the acidic environment in the intestinal tract.
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Nanoparticles hold great potential in the improvement of the therapeutic activities of many drugs. Synthetic approaches are dominant in the conventional approach for nanoparticles design and engineering strategies. However, combination of synthetic nanoparticles with natural biomaterials have recently gained much attention. By taking inspiration from nature, cell-derived nanomedicine delivery system has been created, which is a biomimetic platform consisting of a nanoparticulate core coated with cell or cell membrane. Compared to the conventional drug delivery systems, this novel system combines the unique functionalities of cells and engineering versatility of synthetic nanomaterials for effective delivery of therapeutic agents. With existing of cell, nanomedicine has significantly improved the biocompatibility, accurate delivery and long half-life in circulation as well as reduced the toxicity and side effect of drugs. Moreover, the delivery system can interact with the incredibly complex biological systems that exist within the body, such as actively targeting the inflammatory sites and tumors. Hence, it can be applied to drug delivery, tumor radiotherapy, and vaccine preparation. The cell-derived nanomedicine delivery system emerging as a novel delivery strategy, have the potential to significantly advance the nanomedicine to improve the therapeutic efficacy. The recent research in characteristics, preparation and application of erythrocyte, mononuclear phagocyte, bacteria and tumor cell as nanomedicine delivery carrier are reviewed.
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Biological assay is an important method for quality control of drugs. There are limitations in the quality control system of Chinese materia medica (CMM) based on physico-chemical analysis methods due to the complicated chemical constituents and multifold pharmacodynamics of CMM. Recently, the application of biological assays to CMM attracted much attention and application. From the historical development perspective, the idea and method of biological assay for the quality control of CMM have existed since the ancient times. Especially in recent years, the introduction of biological assay to botanical drugs and CMM submitted in new drug applications were emphasized by both the U. S. and Chinese Food and Drug Administration. This means that a common view has been formed that using biological assay in the quality control of CMM and botanical drugs is proper. Now, a new era of biological assay for the quality control of CMM has come. Based on the review and expectation of biological assay for the quality control of CMM, we creatively put forward an integrated quality concept for CMM which takes biological assay as core.
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<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Few studies have addressed whether abnormalities in the lenticular nucleus (LN) are characteristic transcranial sonography (TCS) echo features in patients with primary dystonia. This study aimed to explore alterations in the basal ganglia in different forms of primary focal dystonia.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>cross-sectional observational study was performed between December 2013 and December 2014 in 80 patients with different forms of primary focal dystonia and 55 neurologically normal control subjects. TCS was performed in patients and control subjects. Multiple comparisons of multiple rates were used to compare LN hyperechogenicity ratios between control and patient groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Thirteen individuals were excluded due to poor temporal bone windows, and two subjects were excluded due to disagreement in evaluation by sonologists. Totally, 70 patients (cervical dystonia, n = 30; blepharospasm, n = 30; oromandibular dystonia, n = 10) and 50 normal controls were included in the final analysis. LN hyperechogenicity was observed in 51% (36/70) of patients with primary focal dystonia, compared with 12% (6/50) of controls (P < 0.001). Substantia nigra hyperechogenicity did not differ between the two groups. LN hyperechogenicity was observed in 73% (22/30) of patients with cervical dystonia, a greater prevalence than in patients with blepharospasm (33%, 10/30, P = 0.002) and oromandibular dystonia (40%, 4/10, P = 0.126). LN hyperechogenicity was more frequently observed in patients with cervical dystonia compared with controls (73% vs. 12%, P < 0.001); however, no significant difference was detected in patients with blepharospasm (33% vs. 12%, P = 0.021) or oromandibular dystonia (40% vs. 12%, P = 0.088).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>LN hyperechogenicity is more frequently observed in patients with primary focal dystonia than in controls. It does not appear to be a characteristic TCS echo feature in patients with blepharospasm or oromandibular dystonia.</p>
Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Blepharospasm , Diagnostic Imaging , Corpus Striatum , Diagnostic Imaging , Cross-Sectional Studies , Dystonic Disorders , Diagnostic Imaging , EchoencephalographyABSTRACT
<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>As a novel molecular markerof non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), PRDI-BF1 and RIZ homology domain containing protein 14 (PRDM14) is over-expressed in NSCLC tumor tissues. Extracellular matrix degradation mediated by the balance between matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) is one of the most important mechanism in lung cancer metastasis. This study aimed to determine if PRDM14 promoted the migration of NSCLC cells through extracellular matrix degradation mediated by change of MMP/TIMP expression.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The expression of PRDM14 was down-regulated in human cell line A 549 after transfection with lentiviral vector-mediated short-hairpin ribonucleic acids (shRNAs) which targeted the PRDM14 promoter. Cellular migration of shRNA-infected cells was detected by a scratch wound healing assay and transwell cell migration assay. Expression levels of MMP1, MMP2, TIMP1, and TIMP2 were measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Migration of PRDM14-shRNA-infected cells was significantly inhibited relative to control cells as measured by the scratch wound healing (P < 0.05) and transwell cell migration assays (P < 0.01). The expression of MMP1 in A549 cells infected by PRDM14-shRNA was down-regulated significantly (P < 0.01), whereas the expression of TIMP1 and TIMP2 was up-regulated significantly (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>PRDM14 accelerates A549 cells migration in vitro through extracellular matrix degradation. PRDM14 is considered as a potential therapeutic target in metastatic NSCLC.</p>
Subject(s)
Humans , Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung , Metabolism , Cell Line, Tumor , Cell Movement , Genetics , Physiology , Extracellular Matrix , Metabolism , Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 , Metabolism , Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 , Metabolism , Neoplasm Metastasis , Genetics , Repressor Proteins , Metabolism , Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 , Metabolism , Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2 , MetabolismABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To observe the antitumor effect and mechanism of recombinant human endostatin (Endostar) injection in tumor combined with intraperitoneal injection of cisplatin on subcutaneous transplanted Lewis lung cancer in rats.@*METHODS@#A total of 30 C57 rats were selected, and the monoplast suspension of Lewis lung cancer was injected into the left axilla to prepare the subcutaneous transplanted tumor models in the axilla of right upper limb. The models were randomly divided into Groups A, B, and C. Medication was conducted when the tumor grew to 400 mm(3). Group A was the control group without any interventional treatment. Group B was injected with Endostar 5 mg kg(-1) d(-1) for 10 d. Group C was given the injection of Endostar 5 mg kg(-1) d(-1) combined with intraperitoneal injection of cisplatin 5 mg kg(-1) d(-1) for 10 d. All the rats in three groups were executed the day after the 10 d medication and the tumor was taken off for measurement of volume and mass changes and calculation of antitumor rate, after which the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) concentration in rats' plasma was determined by ELISA. The tumor tissues were cut for the preparation of conventional biopsies. After hematoxylin-eosin staining, the pathologic histology was examined to observe the structures of tumor tissues, VEGF score and microvessel density (MVD) in each group.@*RESULTS@#The volume and mass of tumor in Groups B and C were significantly lower than Group A (P < 0.05) while the tumor volume and mass in Group C were significantly lower than Group B (P < 0.05). The antitumor rate in Group C was significantly higher than Group B (P < 0.05), but the tumor VEGF score, MVD and plasma VEGF level in Group C were significantly lower than Groups A and B (P < 0.05). In Group B, the tumor VEGF score, MVD and plasma VEGF level were significantly lower than Group A (P < 0.05). The microscopic image of Group C showed that its number of active tumor cells and the blood capillary around tumor was significantly smaller than that of Groups A and B, and meanwhile atrophy and liquefactive necrosis were seen in local tumor.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Endostar injection combined with intraperitoneal injection of cisplatin is effective in reducing tumor VEGF score and MVD of transplanted tumor tissues in rats with Lewis lung cancer to obstruct the nutrient supply of tumor cells and kill tumor cells, so that the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and metastasis can be achieved with a remarkable effect.
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Objective: To observe the antitumor effect and mechanism of recombinant human endostatin (Endostar) injection in tumor combined with intraperitoneal injection of cisplatin on subcutaneous transplanted Lewis lung cancer in rats. Methods: A total of 30 C57 rats were selected, and the monoplast suspension of Lewis lung cancer was injected into the left axilla to prepare the subcutaneous transplanted tumor models in the axilla of right upper limb. The models were randomly divided into Groups A, B, and C. Medication was conducted when the tumor grew to 400 mm3. Group A was the control group without any interventional treatment. Group B was injected with Endostar 5 mg kg-1 d-1 for 10 d. Group C was given the injection of Endostar 5 mg kg-1 d-1 combined with intraperitoneal injection of cisplatin 5 mg kg-1 d-1 for 10 d. All the rats in three groups were executed the day after the 10 d medication and the tumor was taken off for measurement of volume and mass changes and calculation of antitumor rate, after which the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) concentration in rats' plasma was determined by ELISA. The tumor tissues were cut for the preparation of conventional biopsies. After hematoxylin-eosin staining, the pathologic histology was examined to observe the structures of tumor tissues, VEGF score and microvessel density (MVD) in each group. Results: The volume and mass of tumor in Groups B and C were significantly lower than Group A (P < 0.05) while the tumor volume and mass in Group C were significantly lower than Group B (P < 0.05). The antitumor rate in Group C was significantly higher than Group B (P < 0.05), but the tumor VEGF score, MVD and plasma VEGF level in Group C were significantly lower than Groups A and B (P < 0.05). In Group B, the tumor VEGF score, MVD and plasma VEGF level were significantly lower than Group A (P < 0.05). The microscopic image of Group C showed that its number of active tumor cells and the blood capillary around tumor was significantly smaller than that of Groups A and B, and meanwhile atrophy and liquefactive necrosis were seen in local tumor. Conclusions: Endostar injection combined with intraperitoneal injection of cisplatin is effective in reducing tumor VEGF score and MVD of transplanted tumor tissues in rats with Lewis lung cancer to obstruct the nutrient supply of tumor cells and kill tumor cells, so that the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and metastasis can be achieved with a remarkable effect.
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In vitro neuraminidase inhibition assays and ultrafiltration liquid chromatography with diodearray detector coupled to time of flight mass spectrometer (UPLC-DAD-TOF-MS) were combined to screen bioactive compounds inhibiting neuraminidase from Isatidis Radix. By comparing the compounds from Isatidis Radix before and after ultrafiltration, we found that arginine, goitrin and adenosinea can bind with neuraminidase, and the binding degree of the three compounds were (36.23 +/- 1.12)%, (32.54 +/- 1.02)% and (9.38 +/- 0.47)%, respectively. The IC50 of arginine and goitrin were (1.16 +/- 0.02), (1.20 +/- 0.02) g x L(-1), respectively. While the IC50 of adenosinea was higher than 500 g x L(-1). The results showed that arginine and goitrin might be the main compounds with antiviral activity of Isatidis Radix. This study may provide a useful method for the screening of bioactive compounds and quality control of Isatidis Radix.
Subject(s)
Antiviral Agents , Pharmacology , Arginine , Pharmacology , Drug Evaluation, Preclinical , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Pharmacology , Isatis , Chemistry , Mass Spectrometry , Neuraminidase , Metabolism , Orthomyxoviridae , Oxazolidinones , Pharmacology , Plant Roots , Chemistry , Ultrafiltration , Viral Proteins , MetabolismABSTRACT
Seventeen compounds were isolated from the 95% ethanolic extract of the root of Ficus hirta. Their structures were identified on the basis of physicochemical properties and spectral data analysis. The structures were elucidated as cyclomorusin (1), 3-O-[(6-O-E-sinapoyl)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl]-(1 --> 2)-beta-D-glucopyranoside (2), 3,5,4'-trihydroxy-6,7,3'-trimethoxyflavone (3), quercetin (4), tricin (5), acacetin (6), luteolin (7), apigenin (8), (E) -suberenol (9), meranzin hydrate (10), methyl eugenol (11), 3-methoxy-4-hydroxybenzoic acid (12), p-hydroxybenzoic acid (13), methyl chlorogenate (14), emodin (15), alpha-amyrin acetate (16), and beta-sitosterol emodin (17), respectively. Compounds 1-6, 9-15 were isolated from this plant for the first time.
Subject(s)
Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Chemistry , Ficus , Chemistry , Mass Spectrometry , Molecular StructureABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the clinical therapeutic effects of sternoclavicular hook plate for the treatment of sternoclavicular joint dislocation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From June 2010 to June 2012, 7 patients with sternoclavicular joint dislocation were treated with sternoclavicular hook plate fixation. Among the 7 patients, 5 patients were male and 2 patients were female, and the average age was 42.3 years, ranging from 38 to 54 years. The course of the disease ranged from 1 to 4 weeks. All the patients had trauma history. The clinical manifestations included: obvious swelling and pain of sternoclavicular joint, restricted shoulder joint activity. The sternoclavicular joint dislocation was proved by preoperative X-ray and CT. The postoperative curative effect was evaluated according to Rockwood scoring method.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>According to Rockwood scoring method, the excellent results obtained in 6 cases, good in 1. There were no complications such as internal fixation loosening or broken, second dislocation, pain in the sternoclavicular joint, and deformity. The function of shoulder joint was good, and the limb activity was free and no pain appeared.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The sternoclavicular hook plate for the treatment of sternoclavicular joint dislocation has follow advantages: simple procedure, stable fixation, definite therapeutic effects.</p>
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Fracture Fixation, Internal , Methods , Joint Dislocations , Diagnostic Imaging , General Surgery , Radiography , Sternoclavicular Joint , Wounds and Injuries , General SurgeryABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze and summarize the characteristics of glycogen storage disease type II (Pompe disease) patients according to the clinical description and prognosis.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Seventeen Chinese patients diagnosed by acid alpha-glucosidase (GAA) enzyme activity test were reviewed. Clinical data tables were designed. Interviews were made via phone calls. Information was collected to reach the objective.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Four of 17 patients diagnosed by acid alpha-glucosidase are infantile-onset, symptoms started between 2 to 6 months after birth with increased serum creatine kinase and cardiac problems, with or without respiratory concerns. Other 13 patients were later-onset cases, and their symptoms started between 2 to 22 years of age with increased serum creatine kinase. Eleven later-onset patients started with muscle weakness, 2 patients developed respiratory insufficiency, 2 patients showed scoliosis, and 1 patient expressed increased serum creatine kinase with abnormal liver function. Just 3 of the later-onset patients were treated with mechanical ventilator and adjuvant therapy, others were not. All patients' acid alpha-glucosidase (GAA) enzyme activity analysis showed lower than 10% of normal. Fourteen patients were tested by muscle biopsy pathology, and 9 of them progressed to glycogen storage disease type II; 10 patients received genetic analysis, and 6 of them had two mutations which cause the disorder. Twelve of the 17 patients were interviewed successfully. In 3 of the infant-onset patients the disease resulted in death from respiratory failure, and 1 is still alive at the age of 1 year and 7 months. In 4 of 8 later-onset patients the disease resulted in death from respiratory failure between 3 to 5 years after onset of symptoms. Three of 4 survivors had increased muscle weakness, and 1 patient kept alive with ventilator without any changes. Seven of 12 interviewed patients died, the mortality rate was 58.3%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Glycogen storage disease type II (Pompe disease) present differently in the clinic. Infant-onset Pompe disease is mainly characterized by generalized muscle weakness and obvious cardiac involvement. It's a dangerous disease, with high mortality rate. Later-onset Pompe disease is characterized by chronic proximal muscle weakness and respiratory insufficiency. GAA enzyme activity analysis, muscle biopsy and genetic analysis used to support the diagnosis of Pompe disease. Prognosis of the disease depends on age of onset and respiratory muscle involvement.</p>
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Young Adult , Biopsy , Cardiomyopathies , Epidemiology , Clinical Enzyme Tests , Creatine Kinase , Blood , Follow-Up Studies , Glucan 1,4-alpha-Glucosidase , Genetics , Metabolism , Glycogen Storage Disease Type II , Diagnosis , Genetics , Pathology , Muscle Weakness , Epidemiology , Prognosis , Respiratory Insufficiency , Epidemiology , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the feasibility and safety of laparoscopic and endoscopic cooperative surgery for treating gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumors(GIST).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 46 patients with gastric GIST undergoing laparoscopic and endoscopic cooperative surgery between June 2009 and June 2011 at the Renji Hospital of Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There were 27 males and 19 females with the mean age of 58.5 years. Thirty-three patients received endoscopy-assisted wedge resection, and 13 cases received laparoscopy-assisted endoscopic resection. All the operations were successful. The mean operative time was (85.5±29.3) min, the mean blood loss was (31.4±12.2) ml, the mean post-operative gastrointestinal functional recovery time was (31.6±14.9) h, and the mean post-operative hospital stay was (5.1±2.9) d. No post-operative complication occurred. NIH risk assessment showed that 34 cases were very low risk and 12 low risk. No recurrence or metastasis was found during the follow-up ranging from 2 to 26 months(median, 12.6 months).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Laparoscopic and endoscopic cooperative surgery for gastric GIST is both feasible and safe with minimal invasiveness, fast recovery and satisfactory short-term outcomes.</p>