ABSTRACT
To promote habitual participation in physical activity, a 3-month program for lifestyle physical activity intervention (L group) and structured exercise intervention (E group) was carried out in a community in Okayama Prefecture. One year later, we compared the two intervention groups in terms of cost-effectiveness and behavioral change in habitual physical activity. A total of 250 subjects voluntarily participated in the lifestyle physical activity intervention ; and a total of 42 subjects participated in the structured exercise intervention. The number of participants decreased to 115 (46%) and 21 (50%), respectively, one year later. However, the proportion of subjects who practice endurance exercise increased significantly in both L and E groups ; and an additional 35 subjects (30%) started to practice endurance exercise in L group and 5 (24%) in E group after the interventions. The cost-effectiveness for a person newly starting the endurance exercise practice in the L group intervention was 29,206 yen ; and the E group intervention was 124,731 yen, a ratio of 1/4.3. The study suggests that the cost-effectiveness for the lifestyle physical activity intervention was 4 times better than the structured exercise intervention.
ABSTRACT
A study was designed to examine the effects of exercise intensity on renal clearance parameters. Five healthy male subjects underwent exercise tests on an bicycle ergometer at 4 different work loads for 15 min. The indicators of exercise intensity employed were the percentage of maximal oxygen uptake (%VO<SUB>2</SUB>max), heart rate (HR) and blood lactate level (La) . As parameters of renal clearance, para-aminohippurate clearance (CPAH), thiosulfate clearance (C<SUB>thio</SUB>) and creatinine clearance (C<SUB>cr</SUB>) were measured by the continuous infusion technique during the exercise.<BR>1) The renal clearance parameters during exercise decreased linearly as the exercise intensity increased. The percentage of maximal oxygen uptake at the onset of the decreases in %C<SUB>PAH</SUB>, %C<SUB>chiu</SUB> and %C<SUB>cr</SUB> were 36, 45 and 47%VO<SUB>2</SUB>max, respectively.<BR>2) Among the indicators of exercise intensity, the decrease in La showed the closest correlation with renal clearance during the exercise.<BR>3) The renal plasma flow, which was measured as C<SUB>PAH</SUB>, began to decrease linearly at a significantly lower exercise intensity than the glomerular filtration rate, which was measured as both C<SUB>thio</SUB> and C<SUB>cr</SUB>.<BR>The above results suggest that renal clearance parameters begin to decrease at the threshold as exercise intensity increases.