ABSTRACT
Objective: To evaluate the prevalence and severity of menopausal symptoms and understand the perception of quality of life and the attitudes of women towards the use of Hormone Replacement Therapy [HRT]. We aimed also to establish the correlation between menopausal symptoms with age, BMI and quality of life among the postmenopausal women
Methodology: A cross-sectional survey was conducted at the department of Obstetrics and gynecology of Ziauddin University Karachi, from June 2015 to December 2015. A total of 300 postmenopausal women between the ages of 40 and 70 years were enrolled and studied using an interview questionnaire. The questionnaire consisted of self-perception of well-being, physical activity, socio-demographic data, and information regarding HRT and modified Menopausal Rating Scale [MRS]
Results: Mean age of the subjects was 57 years, with 38% of the study participants being illiterate. Most of the patients had mild somatic symptoms. Most frequently reported symptoms were joint and muscular pain [79.9%], anxiety and overall exhaustion [79.6%] and sweating and hot flushes [78.8%]. Very few women were using HRT [12.6%]. A significant link was found between women self-perception and increased weight, with severity of postmenopausal symptoms
Conclusion: Majority of women suffer from postmenopausal symptoms but in most cases it remains untreated due to lack of awareness, hesitancy and reluctance of the treating physicians. Women self-perception of menopause affects quality of life.Those who take it positively suffer from less symptoms
ABSTRACT
Objective: To determine the frequency of vitamin D3 deficiency among women with Gestational Diabetes mellitus visiting tertiary care hospital
Materials and Methods:This descriptive case series study was carried out in Obstetrics and Gynecology department at Dr. Ziauddin Hospital Karachi for a period of six months. 136 GDM women with age 18 to 30 years having singleton pregnancy and gestational age of 24-40 weeks were enrolled. Patients were offered according to ADA [American Diabetic Association] recommendations, 1 hour 50gm Oral Glucose Challenge Test, without any preparation or fasting. Then 1 hour later plasma glucose measurements were done. If values were>140 mg/dl or 7.8m.mol/l then 3 sample 75g Oral Glucose Tolerance Test [WHO criteria] was offered [to diagnose GDM] on next visit. The mothers were advised not to have breakfast on the day of the diagnostic test.Then fasting blood glucose sample was taken. Afterwards hourly samples were taken till 2 hours. If one reading was raised then diagnosis was established as impaired glucose intolerance and if two readings were raised then diagnosis was confirmed as gestational diabetes mellitus. Estimation of vitamin D levels by Electrochemilumenscence technique was done in diagnosed GDM women
Results: Mean age of the patients was 26.46 +/- 2.91 years. Mean gestational age of the patients was 33.03 +/- 6.14weeks. There were 57 [41.90%] primiparous and 79 [58.1%] multiparous patients. Frequency of vitamin D deficiency was found in 84 [61.80%] patients with GDM
Conclusion: The frequency of vitamin D3 deficiency was found higher among women with GDM visiting tertiary care hospital
ABSTRACT
Objective: To review the deliveries of macrocosmic babies and their obstetrical and neonatal outcomes
Methods: A prospective case control study involving a total of 3700 deliveries at term of macrocosmic babies between Jan 2011 to Dec 2012 in Ziauddin Hospital Kemari Campus. The study concerned risk factors, mode of delivery and the incidence of maternal and perinatal complications
Results: Macrosomia occurred in 5.2% of all deliveries. The main risk factors of macrosomia identified in our study were multiparty and diabetes mellitus. The significant maternal complications were caesarean section, postpartum hemorrhage and perineal tear. Significantly male gender, shoulder dystocia and admission to NICU were noted in macrosomic group compared to controls
Conclusions: Macrosomia is potentially dangerous for the mother and the neonate. It is important to identify the suspected fetal macrosomia to prevent its risk factors and complications. There is a need to provide all delivery facilities and care services to prevent and reduce the maternal and neonatal complications