Seroprevalence of hepatitis A virus among Iranian soldiers

Background: Hepatitis A virus [HAV] is highly contagious in individuals living in crowded conditions such as military centers

Objectives: This study try to investigate the seroprevalence of HAV immunity among Iranian soldiers and determine whether vaccination should be used for military draftees

Patients and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a total of 1554 soldiers were recruited through random clustering sampling. Serum anti-HAV antibody was measured by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay [ELISA].Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS

Results: A total of 1554 male soldiers with age ranged from 18 to 34 years [mean age: 21.2 +/- 1.9 y] at baseline were evaluated. Overall, 80.3% of the analyzed specimens were anti-HAV seropositive. The seroprevalence rates increased significantly with the age

Conclusion: Our results suggest that generally vaccination for HAV is not necessary for Iranian military draftees. But the vaccination is recommended for high-risk groups including anti-HAV seronegative soldiers

Production and characterization of monoclonal antibodies against human prostate specific antigen

Prostate Specific Antigen [PSA] is an important laboratory marker for diagnosis of prostatic cancer. Thus, development of diagnostic tools specific for PSA plays an important role in screening, monitoring and early diagnosis of prostate cancer. In this paper, the production and characterization of a panel of murine monoclonal antibodies [mAbs] against PSA have been presented. Balb/c mice were immunized with PSA, which was purified from seminal plasma. Splenocytes of hyperimmunized mice were extracted and fused with Sp2/0 cells. By adding selective HAT medium, hybridoma cells were established and positive clones were selected by ELISA after four times of cloning. The isotypes of produced mAbs were determined by ELISA and then purified from ascitic fluids using Hi-Trap protein G column. The reactivities of the mAbs were examined with the purified PSA and seminal plasma by ELISA and western blot techniques. Furthermore, the reactivities of the mAbs were assessed in Prostate Cancer [PC alpha], Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia [BPH] and brain cancer tissues by Immunohistochemistry [IHC]. Five anti-PSA mAbs [clones: 2G2-B2, 2F9-F4, 2D6-E8, IgG1/K] and clones [2C8-E9, 2G3-E2, IgG2 alpha/K] were produced and characterized. All mAbs, except 2F9-F4 detected the expression of PSA in PCa and BPH tissues and none of them reacted with PSA in brain cancer tissue in IHC. Besides, all mAbs could detect a protein band around 33 kD alpha in human seminal plasma in western blot. These mAbs can specifically recognize PSA and may serve as a component of PSA diagnostic kit in various biological fluids

[Tyrosine kinase domain gene polymorphism of epidermal growth factor receptor in gastric cancer in northern Iran]

Gastric cancer is one of the most common diseases of digestive system with a low 5-year survival rate and metastasis is the main cause of death. Multi-factors, such as changes in molecular pathways and deregulation of cells are involved in the disease development. Epidermal growth factor receptor pathway [EGFR] which is associated with cell proliferation and survival can influence cancer development. EGFR function is governed by its genetic polymorphism; thus, we aimed to study the tyrosine kinase domain gene mutations of the receptor in patients with gastric cancer. In this experimental study, 123 subjects [83 patients with gastric cancer and 40 normal subjects] were investigated in north of Iran for EGFR gene polymorphisms during 1 year. Genomic DNA was extracted by DNA extraction kit according to the manufacture's protocol. Polymerase chain reaction single-stranded conformation polymorphism [PCR-SSCP] and silver staining were performed for investigating EGFR gene polymorphisms. The participants included 72 men and 44 women. Gene polymorphism in exon 18 was present in 10% of the study population but SSCP pattern in exon 19 did not show different migrate bands neither in patients nor in normal subjects. It seems that screening for tyrosine kinas gene polymorphism of epidermal growth factor receptor in patients with gastric cancer and use of tyrosine kinas inhibitors could be useful in the prevention of disease progress and improvement of treatment process for a better quality of life in these patients

FOXP3 and TGF-beta gene polymorphisms in allergic rhinitis

Regulatory CD4[+]T [Treg] cells are effective in maintaining immune tolerance. To investigate single nucleotide polymorphisms [SNPs] of Transforming Growth Factor beta-1 [TGF-P 1] and Forkhead Box Protein 3 [FOXP3] genes in Iranian patients with allergic rhinitis [AR]. Variations at codons 10 and 25 of TGF-p 1 and FOXP3 at positions -3279 A>C and -924 A>G were evaluated in AR patients and compared with controls. In a case-control study, 155 AR patients and 163 allergy-free controls were genotyped using polymerase chain reaction sequence-specific primer [PCR-SSP] technique. The analysis of the frequency of these SNPs showed that the haplotype formed by FOXP3 -3279 A allele occurred significantly more frequently in patients than controls [odds ratio=1.44, 95% CI=1.312-2.66; p=0.001]. Our results suggest that polymorphism in FOXP3 gene is associated with susceptibility to AR