Dietary Macronutrients and VO2 by BMI among Female College Students in Seoul / 대한지역사회영양학회지

This study was conducted to investigate dietary macronutrient and VO2 by BMI. The subjects consisted of 50 female college students. They were divided into three groups: Below BMI 18.5 kg/m2 (n = 9), BMI 18.5 - 23 kg/m2 (n = 28), above BMI 23 g/m2 (n = 13). Health-related questionnaires, dietary macronutrients, macronutrient compositions, food frequency questionnaires, body compositions and VO2 were studied. Macronutrient compositions that macronutrient intakes were expressed by the percentage of daily energy intakes. There were significant differences in body fat, percent of body fat, and fat distribution by BMI. Also, significantly increasing of basal metabolic rate (BMR) was shown by BMI, but BMR per body weight was decreased by BMI. Overall, there were no significant differences in health-related questionnaires, food frequency questionnaires (FFQ), dietary macronutrients and VO2 by BMI but salty taste preferences and carbohydrate intakes, FFQ of beans, white vegetables rand, yellow-green vegetables in the above BMI 23 g/m2 group were significantly higher than other groups. There were no significant differences in macronutrient composition but the lipid composition of subjects was shown above 20%. Also, energy intakes of subjects were shown to be low; especially the below BMI 18.5 kg/m2 group was very low (55% of RDA). Significantly positive correlation was found in BMR and body composition such as skeletal muscle & lean body mass, but significant correlation was not found in BMR and dietary macronutrients. Overall, researched energy metabolism factor was not different by BMI. Only in the BMI 18.5 - 23 kg/m2 (normal) group, significantly positive correlation was found in VO2peak and body fat oxidation. Therefore, proper nutritional education for female college students is needed in order to improve their obesity-related health. Moreover, a nutritional survey method of finding diverse factors that affect their health should be developed to meet various needs.

Nutrient Intakes and Physical Fitness by BMI among Middle School Students in Seoul / 대한지역사회영양학회지

Proper nutrient intakes and physical fitness focus one's attention on health promotion. This study was conducted to investigate nutrient intakes and physical fitness by BMI in middle school students. Health-related questionnaire, dietary intakes, food frequency questionnaire and physical fitness were studied. There were no significant differences in health-related questionnaire, food frequency questionnaire and physical fitness by BMI, but several nutrition intakes, preference of salty tastes and the proportion of iron deficiency of female students were significantly different by BMI. Although the female obese group (BMI 85 - 100 percentile) had decreased the proportion of iron deficiency and increased fish intake frequency than other groups, obese females did not show better physical fitmess than other groups. And the average Ca intake was below 75% of Korean RDA in both male and female students. Significantly positive correlation was found between calorie intake and push-up of normal (BMI 15 - 84 percentile) male students (r = 0.29), also significantly negative correlation was found between protein intake and 50m dash of normal female students (r = 0.22). And significantly positive correlation was found between beans and bent knee sit-up of normal male students (r = 0.25), and significantly positive correlations were found between beans, meat, eggs, green & yellow vegetable and sit and reach (r = 0.20, r = 0.28, r = 0.21, r = 0.19) and significantly negative correlation was found between beans and long distance race of normal female students. Therefore, this study suggests that proper nutrition and non-obese states should be achieved for health promotion in middle school students.