ABSTRACT
Objective:To explore the feasibility and effectiveness of the construction of urban unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) blood distribution system, and to provide a novel way for the distribution of emergency blood.Methods:The study was completed in Hangzhou from April 2019 to January 2021, and the main participants were from the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Province Blood Center and Hangzhou Fast Ant Network Technology Co., Ltd. Firstly, an unmanned aircraft delivery system was built for urban emergency blood and a special blood storage box for drones were developed. The drone was used to deliver blood products from Zhejiang Province Blood Center to Binjiang Campus, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, and the following indicators were obtained: (1) flight time of the drone blood delivery; (2) real-time temperature of blood products during transportation; (3) Baidu map software was used to measure the blood delivery time of road traffic, which was compared with the flight time of the drone.Results:The urban drone blood delivery system consists of intelligent logistics drones, cryogenic blood storage tanks, unmanned logistics hub stations, and cloud-based operation control platforms. The drone route distance from Zhejiang Provincial Blood Center to Binjiang Campus, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine was 2.36±0.06 km, and the ground distance was 5.8 km, with 27 flights from April 12, 2019 to January 29, 2021, and the drone flight time was, shorter than the road travel time for a round trip [(6.37±0.35) min vs. (17.00±1.94) min]. At different time points of the day, UAV blood delivery could save 15.98-4.28 min, with an average saving of 10.62±1.87 min. Conclusions:Urban UAV blood delivery systems have the advantages of being fast, unaffected by ground traffic conditions, and can ensure the safety of blood products during transportation, and are worthy of further exploration.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To summarize our clinical experience on treating bladder transitional cell carcinoma with orthotopic ileal neobladder after radical cystectomy and to report the long-term follow-up results. Methods: From Jan. 1988 to Dec. 2006, 61 patients (49 male and 12 female) with a mean age of 64.0±5.6 years (range 54 to 78) were subjected to orthotopic ileal neobladder construction after cystectomy. The entire length of ileum was opened along the antimesenteric border, placed into a transverse "U" shape, and sutured with a running suture. The lateral borders of the "U" shape bottom were used to surround the urethra and were sutured with the interrupted suture from "inside" the neobladder for the ileourethral anastomosis. The ureters were implanted from inside the neobladder through a-small incision into the ileum at a convenient site, and were embedded in a mucosal sulcus. The perioperation mortality, complications, urinary continence, renal function, image findings, and urodynamic examination were all retrospectively evaluated. Results: One patient (1.6%) died during perioperation period and all the others were followed up for 12-168 months. Totally 13 patients (21.3%) died during follow-up. The complications included renal inadequacy (11 patients), ureteroileal obstruction (9 patients), ureteral reflux (6 patients), urine leakage (5 patients), bleeding (4 patients), incisional hernia (4 patients), urethral stricture (3 patients), and urethral recurrence (1 patient). After 60 months follow-up, 42 patients had a satisfactory urinary continence. Conclusion: After long-term follow-up, we conclude that the ileal neobladder is a satisfactory method for treatment of invasive bladder cancer after radical cystectomy; it has less complication and is clinically valuable.