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Objective@#The study was aimed at exploring the latent classes and factors influencing middle school students health risk behaviors in Beijing, so as to provide a scientific basis for determining key intervention targets and formulating relevant intervention measures.@*Methods@#A questionnaire survey was conducted among 17 730 junior middle school, senior high school and vocational high school students in 16 districts of Beijing from October to December 2022. Six types of health risk behaviors were assessed with latent class analysis, including unhealthy diet, lack of exercise, unintentional harm, intentional harm, substance abuse and Internet addiction behavior.@*Results@#The latent classes of health risk behavior among middle school students in Beijing were divided into three classes:high risk behavior (961 participants, 5.42%), low lack of exercise/high intentional injury (1 099 participants, 6.20%), and low risk behavior (15 670 participants, 88.38%). Disordered multiple Logistic regression analysis indicated that middle school students who were male ( OR =1.45), in high school ( OR =2.00), had other family types ( OR =1.90), possibly had depressed feelings ( OR =2.27), had depressed feelings ( OR =6.18), or were absent from school because of illness in the past year ( OR =1.79) were more likely to be in the high risk than the low risk behavior group. Moreover, middle school students who were male ( OR =2.30), had an extended family ( OR =1.18), had a reorganized family ( OR =1.70), had other family types ( OR =1.94), possibly had depressed feelings ( OR =3.10), had depressed feelings ( OR =4.91), had taken sick leave in the prior 2 weeks ( OR =1.54), or had absence from school because of illness in the past year ( OR =1.71) were relatively more likely to be in the low lack of exercise or high intentional injury group ( P <0.05).@*Conclusion@#Clear latent classes of health risk behaviors among middle school students are found to be present in differing proportions in Beijing. Relevant departments should take targeted intervention measures in a timely manner to reduce the occurrence of health risk behaviors among middle school students.
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Panax ginseng, a perennial herb, is prone to diseases and insect pests in the growth process, which are primarily prevented and treated by pesticides. However, due to the lack of standardization in the types, frequencies, and doses of pesticides, pesticide residues have become the main exogenous pollutants of P. ginseng. To explore the risk of pesticide residues in P. ginseng, this paper summarized and analyzed the common pesticide residues in P. ginseng, detection techniques, and pesticide residue limit stan-dards based on the published literature in recent years. The results revealed that the main pesticide residues in P. ginseng were organochlorine pesticides, such as tetrachloronitrobenzene, pentachloronitrobenzene, and hexachlorobenzene, and the detection techniques were dominated by gas chromatography(GC), liquid chromatography(LC), or those combined with mass spectrometry(MS). Because of the long half-life and difficulty in degradation, organochlorine pesticides have become the main factor affecting the export of P. ginseng. It is worth mentioning that P. ginseng has been classified as food in Japan, South Korea, the European Union, and other countries, and the standards of pesticide residues and limits are stricter than those in China. The quality and safety of P. ginseng are prerequisites for the efficacy of Chinese medicine and the development of traditional Chinese medicine. The formulation of scientific and effective standards for pesticide application and limits would promote the high-quality development of the P. ginseng industry.
Subject(s)
Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry , Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated/analysis , Panax/chemistry , Pesticide Residues/analysis , Pesticides/analysisABSTRACT
This study aims to investigate the effects of different magnesium supply levels on the growth, nutrient absorption and distribution, and quality of Panax quinquefolium, and to determine the optimum content of exchangeable magnesium in soil. Three-year-old plants of P. quinquefolium were used in this study, and eight magnesium supply gradients(CK, Mg1-Mg7) were designed for indoor pot experiment(cultivation in soil). The plant growth indexes, nutrient element content in soil and plant, and root saponin content were determined at the end of the growth period. The correlation analysis of nutrient element content in aboveground and underground parts of P. quinquefolium showed significantly negative correlations of magnesium-calcium, magnesium-potassium, and magne-sium-manganese. With the increase in magnesium supply level, the biological absorption coefficient of magnesium increased, while that of total nitrogen, potassium, iron, and manganese decreased; the biological transfer coefficient of magnesium decreased, while that of nitrogen, phosphorus, calcium, iron, and manganese increased. The saponin content was analyzed by principal component analysis, which showed the comprehensive score in the order of Mg4(2.537), Mg2(1.001), Mg3(0.600), Mg1(0), Mg7(-0.765), CK(-0.825), Mg6(-0.922), and Mg5(-1.663). The partial least squares-path modeling(PLS-PM) showed that the correlation coefficients of exchangeable magnesium and pH with quality were-0.748 and-0.755, respectively, which were significant. Magnesium-calcium, magnesium-potassium, and magnesium-manganese showed antagonism in the nutritional physiology of P. quinquefolium. Excessive application of magnesium can lead to the imbalance of nutrient elements in P. quinquefolium. The content of exchangeable magnesium in soil suitable for the quality formation of P. quinquefolium was 193.34-293.34 mg·kg~(-1). In addition to exchangeable magnesium, pH was also important to the quality formation of P. quinquefolium. Therefore, exchangeable magnesium and pH could be regarded as monitoring factors for the quality formation of P. quinquefolium.
Subject(s)
Magnesium , Nutrients , Panax/chemistry , Phosphorus , Soil/chemistryABSTRACT
ATP-binding cassette(ABC) transporters are one of the largest protein families in organisms, with important effects in regulating plant growth and development, root morphology, transportation of secondary metabolites and resistance of stress. Environmental stress promotes the biosynthesis and accumulation of secondary metabolites, which determines the quality of medicinal plants. Therefore, how to improve the accumulation of secondary metabolites has been a hotspot in studying medicinal plants. Many studies have showed that ABC transporters are extremely related to the transportation and accumulation of secondary metabolites in plants. Recently, with the great development of genomics and transcriptomic sequencing technology, the regulatory mechanisms of ABC transporters on secondary metabolites have attached great attentions in medicinal plants. This paper reviewed the mechanisms of different groups of ABC transporters in transporting secondary metabolites through cell membranes. This paper provided key theoretical basis and technical supports in studying the mechanisms of ABC transporters in medicinal plant, and promoting the accumulation of secondary metabolites, in order to improve the quality of medicinal plants.
Subject(s)
ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters/metabolism , Biological Transport , Plant Development , Plants, Medicinal/metabolism , Stress, PhysiologicalABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To study the curative effect of total parathyroidectomy combined with autologous transplantationpatient for Chinese patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism. METHODS: Chinese and English databases including Wanfang Science and Technology Periodical Full-text Database,VIP Chinese Science and Technology Periodical Full-text Database(VIP)and CNKI,PubMed were searched by computer. Some relevant studies were collected for Meta analysis. RESULTS: A total of 12 studies including a total of 375 subjects for Meta analysis were identified.After analysis,the postoperative complication rate was P=0.15(95% CI 0.04～0.31),the one-time success rate of surgical operation was P=0.93(95% CI 0.90～0.96),the rate of all-cause mortality was P=0.04(95% CI 0.01～0.07),and the rate of improvement of symptoms was P=0.86(95% CI 0.61～0.99). CONCLUSION: The curative effect of total parathyroidectomy combined with autologous transplantation patient for Chinese patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism is effective. The incidence of postoperative complications is low.
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<p><b>Objective</b>To explore the clinical selection and application of cell suspension examination (CSE) or histopathological technique (HPT) in detecting sperm in the testis tissue obtained by testicular sperm aspiration (TESA) in patients with non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Totally, 1 006 NOA patients underwent TESA and their testis tissues were subjected to CSE or HPT for sperm detection. Based on the results of CSE, the testicular tissue samples were divided into groups A (with sperm, n = 567) and B (without sperm, n = 439) and the results were compared with those of HPT.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>HPT showed 508 cases with but 59 without sperm in group A, and 403 with and 36 without sperm in group B. The consistency rate of CSE with that of HPT was 90.56% (Kappa =0.809), and CSE exhibited a significantly higher rate of sperm detection than HPT (56.36% vs 54.08%, P=0.023).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>CSE combined with HPT for detecting sperm in the testis tissue of NOA patients undergoing diagnostic TESA helps clinical diagnosis and treatment. The results of CSE have a decisive significance for assisted reproductive therapy, while those of HPT may provide some definite etiological evidence for drug therapy or surgery.</p>
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Azoospermia , Reproductive Techniques, Assisted , Sperm Retrieval , Spermatozoa , Suspensions , TestisABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the treatment and disposal of laboratory animal waste in Beijing area in 2016. Methods Questionnaire, telephone survey, on-the-spot investigation and WeChat were used to survey the basic situation and laboratory animal waste management, including bedding material, excreta, carcasses and experimental consumables,etc. in 164 laboratory animal facilities in Beijing area in 2016. Results The data we have collected were relatively comprehensive and universal, reflecting the currently existing problems. Conclusions This investigation provides a reference for the compilation of the management rules of laboratory animal waste in Beijing.
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BACKGROUND: Bletilla bletilla striata gelatin (BSG) is found to remarkably promote the growth of granulation tissue and capillary vessels, as well as the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in the wound tissue in rabbits with full-thickness skin defect of the back. Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) remarkably promotes the growth of collagen fibers and the growth and dilation of capillary vessels in the wound tissue in rabbits with full-thickness skin defect of the back. However, BSG is easy to decompose under normal temperature, affecting fulfillment of its functions. OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of BSG carrying exogenous bFGF on wound healing. METHODS: Forty healthy rabbits were used to make animal models of full-thickness back skin defects, and then randomly divided into four groups, namely, group BSG+bFGF, group bFGF, group BSG and group saline. Rats in each group were subjected to the corresponding treatment once a day until the wound was completely healed. Wound healing time was recorded. Wound healing rate was detected at 3 and 10 days after modeling. Real-time PCR and western blot assay were used to detect the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor, α-smooth muscle actin and type I collagen at mRNA and protein levels at 7 days after modeling. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The wound healing time in the BSG+bFGF group was shortened by 4.5, 3.0 and 2.8 days as compared with the normal saline group, BSG group and bFGF group, respectively (P < 0.05). The wound healing rates in the BSG+bFGF group were also higher than those in the other groups at 3 and 10 days after modeling (P< 0.05). Findings from both PCR and western blot assay showed higher expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and α-smooth muscle actin and lower expression of type I collagen in the BSG+bFGF group than the other three groups at 7 days after modeling (P < 0.05). To conclude, BSG carrying exogenous bFGF can promote wound healing, and the underlying mechanism may be to promote vascular endothelial growth factor and inhibit type I collagen.
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Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of epidemic hemorrhagic fever (EHF) in Chinese PLA, and to provide scientific evidence for its prevention and control in military troops .Methods Surveillance data from January 1991 to July 2016 and articles of EHF about PLA were collected and analysed .Results A total of 23 EHF outbreaks were reported by articles in PLA and 17 outbreaks were reported in Northeast , predominant of all reported area and accounting for 73.91%( P <0.01).1666 cases and 12 outbreaks were reported by the system of army epidemic situation inspection information administration and army public health emergencies and infectious disease reporting information from January 1991 to July 2016 , with downward trend of overall incidence , which distributed 734 cases in North China and accounted for 46%(P<0.01).The number of male patients is more than the female (P<0.01).The number of soldier patients is obviously increased compared with the officer (P<0.05).Camp is the most infected place(P<0.05). Conclusion The occurrence of EHF become stable in the PLA , which showed significant difference in gender , occupation categories and infected regions was found .Monitoring should be straightened and comprehensive prevention and control measures should be developed to enhance the ability and level to prevent and control the EHF in high epidemic area in PLA .
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Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of epidemic hemorrhagic fever (EHF) in Chinese PLA, and to provide scientific evidence for its prevention and control in military troops .Methods Surveillance data from January 1991 to July 2016 and articles of EHF about PLA were collected and analysed .Results A total of 23 EHF outbreaks were reported by articles in PLA and 17 outbreaks were reported in Northeast , predominant of all reported area and accounting for 73.91%( P <0.01).1666 cases and 12 outbreaks were reported by the system of army epidemic situation inspection information administration and army public health emergencies and infectious disease reporting information from January 1991 to July 2016 , with downward trend of overall incidence , which distributed 734 cases in North China and accounted for 46%(P<0.01).The number of male patients is more than the female (P<0.01).The number of soldier patients is obviously increased compared with the officer (P<0.05).Camp is the most infected place(P<0.05). Conclusion The occurrence of EHF become stable in the PLA , which showed significant difference in gender , occupation categories and infected regions was found .Monitoring should be straightened and comprehensive prevention and control measures should be developed to enhance the ability and level to prevent and control the EHF in high epidemic area in PLA .
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<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>This study aimed to observe the differences in brain gray matter volume in drug-naive female patients after the first episode of major depression with and without stressful life events (SLEs) before the onset of depression.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty-three drug-naive female patients voluntarily participated in the present study after the first major depressive episode. The life event scale was used to evaluate the severity of the impact of SLEs during 6 months before the onset of the major depressive episode. High-field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans were obtained, and the VBM and SPM8 software process were used to process and analyze the MRI.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared to that in patients without SLEs, the volume of brain gray matter was lower in the bilateral temporal lobe, right occipital lobe, and right limbic lobe in the SLE group. However, the gray matter volume did not differ significantly between the two groups after the application of false discovery rate (FDR) correction.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Although the results of the present study suggest the absence of significant differences in brain gray matter volume between female drug-naive patients after the first episode of major depression with and without SLEs after FDR correction, the study provides useful information for exploring the definitive role of stress in the onset of depression.</p>
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Depression , Gray Matter , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Software , Stress, Physiological , PhysiologyABSTRACT
Retinal pigment epithelium ( RPE ) is a vital tissue for the maintenance of photoreceptor function and environment of outer retina, also the predominant cell type of proliferative vitreoretinopathy ( PVR ) . lt is also affected by many diseases of the retina and choroid, including diabetic retinopathy ( DR) , age-related macular degeneration ( AMD ) and retinal pigmentosa ( RP ) . Although of neural origin, the RPE is capable of local repair, and cells may migrate and take on altered characteristics. These findings indicate that RPE-based therapy is a promising option for congenital or degenerate disease of the retina.
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Obej ctive Abnormal proliferation of T cells plays an important role in the development of autoimmune diseases. The article aimed to study the inhibitory effect of small molecule compound BD691 on T cell proliferation and its mechanism. Methods Human peripheral blood T-lymphocytes were isolated and purified by the immunomagnetic microbeads,then T cells were ac-tivated with anti-CD3/CD28 mAbs or alloantigen.The inhibitory effect of BD691 on activated T cell proliferation, the cytotoxic effect BD891 on resting T cells and the expression of activated T cells marker CD25 were measured by flow cytometry.Furthermore, ELISA was used to detect the secretion of cytokines associated with T cell differentiation. Results BD691 significantly inhibited the prolif-eration of T cells being stimulated by anti-CD3/CD28 mAb or alloantigen in a dose-dependent manner, and IC50 values are (8.5 ± 1.5)μmol/L and (7.2 ±1.3)μmol/L, respectively.However, BD691 had no obvious cytotoxic effects on resting T cells and periph-eral blood mononuclear cells, even at a high concentration ( up to 100μmol/L) .In T cells which were not activated by anti-CD3/CD28 mAb, the percentage of CD25+T cells is only 1.6%of the total cells, while the number increased to 68% after activating treatment.Mean-while, in T cells which were activated by 0, 3.3, 10, 30μmol/L BD691, no obvious change of CD25 expression were observed, while immunosuppressant FK506 (0.1μmol/L) significantly decreased the expression of CD25 +T cells (14.9%).In unactivated T cells, 95.6%cells were at G0/G1 phase, while after activation, the percentage of cells at G0/G1 phase reduced to 57.7%.In addition, BD691 inhibited the secretion of IFN-γ, IL-6 and IL-17 in activated T cells, but had no effects on the secretion of IL-2, IL-4 and IL-10. Co nclusion BD691 exerts no effects on T cell activation, but it inhibits T cell proliferation by inducing T cell cycling arrest at G0/G1 phase.Moreover, BD691 inhibits the secretion of key cytokines (such as IFN-γ, IL-6, IL-17) closely related to the differ-entiation of Th1 and Th17 cells.The results suggest that BD 691 is a potential lead compound to develop a new immunosuppressant for the inhibition of abnormal proliferation and differentiation of T cells.
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Objective To prepared cleavable PEG modified paclitaxel loaded liposome (CLP-PTX) and to study its capability for tumor targeting.Methods Liposome was prepared by film-ultrasonic method.Cellular uptake by HepG2 cells was explored.The anti-proliferation efficiency of CLP-PTX was evaluated by MTF assay.HepG2 cells were xenografted in athymic nude mice to establish the animal models,which were used to evaluate the anti-cancer effect.Results The mean size of CLP-PTX was (95±9.5) nm with the Zeta potential of (-3±1.05) mV,and the entrapment efficiency of PTX was 85.6％.The cellular uptake of liposomes with addition of cysteine (Cys)was 2.8 times as high as that in the absence of Cys,and the difference was statistically significant (P＜0.01).Fluorescent microscopy qualitative observation demonstrated that the cells showed higher fluorescence intensity in the presence of Cys.The MTT assay showed the anti-proliferative activity against HepG2 cells of CLP-PTX depended on the paclitaxel concentration,and the inhibition ratio of CLP-PTX with addition of Cys was 1.6 times as high as that in the absence of Cys (P＜0.01),which was consistent with the cellular uptake results.Conclusions Comparing with paclitaxel,CLP-PTX inhibited the proliferation of HepG2 cells more persistently.Thus,CLP-PTX,as a new nanometer drug,has a special application value for tumor therapy.
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The mechanism of biological actions of quercetin was studied by using metabolomic method and biomolecular network. HPLC-MS was used to analyze the serum metabolome in rats of blank group and quercetin administration group rats, and MS data were processed by MATLAB software. With multivariate statistical analysis of serum metabolite profiles, a clear separation among blank group and quercetin administration group was achieved, potential biomarkers were selected according to the parameters of variable importance in the projection (VIP) and identified according to MS information and database retrieval. Four compounds, related enzymes, action targets and metabolic pathways had been confirmed, namely retinoic acid and RARbeta, arachidonate and COX-2, 3, 5-diodotyrosine and TPO, uridine diphosphate glucose and PDEs. The mechanism of quercetin enhancing ability of retinoic acid on the induction of RARbeta, activating TPO, using as COX-2 and PDEs inhibitor was approved by biomolecular network and related literatures. In this study, a mechanism of multiple biological actions of quercetin was evaluated at the level of the biomolecular network, metabolomics and biomolecular network can be used to investigate the biological effects mechanism of quercetin, which provided a new method to further revealing mechanism of drug action.
Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Antioxidants , Pharmacology , Biomarkers , Blood , Chromatography, Liquid , Mass Spectrometry , Metabolic Networks and Pathways , Metabolome , Metabolomics , Multivariate Analysis , Quercetin , PharmacologyABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the expression of TSC1, TSC2, p-mTOR, p-4E-BP1, p-p70S6K and p-S6 in refractory epilepsy associated malformation of cortical development (MCD) tissues.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 43 cases of refractory epilepsy were involved in the study, and all the patients were treated in Xuanwu Hospital during 2005 - 2008, including focal cortical dysplasia type IIa (11 cases) and type IIb (11 cases), tuberous sclerosis complex (10 cases) and ganalioglioma (11 cases), and other 12 cases were used as control. These cases were divided into 7 study groups and immunohistochemical EnVision method was used. To detect the location and intensity of TSC1, TSC2, p-mTOR, p-4E-BP1, p-p70S6K and p-S6 expression in every group. Then the Image-Pro Plus 6.0 image processing and analysis software were used to measure the number, area, integrating absorbance (IA) of positive cells in every samples. The statistical software SPSS 16.0 was used to analyze the data.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The immunolocalization of TSC1 and TSC2 was similar. It could be observed the expression of various levels in the cytoplasm of dysmorphic neurons, balloon cells, giant cells, ganglioglioma cells and normal neurons. TSC1 staining in normal neurons was more notably than others but TSC2 staining in giant cells was weaker than other samples. p-mTOR mainly presented in giant cells, which could also be observed in astrocyte. P-4E-BP1 presented in the cytoplasm and nuclear membrane of balloon cells, giant cells and ganglioglioma cells, the staining of giant cells was stronger than balloon cells, but their staining were weaker than ganglioglioma cells. P-p70S6K mainly expressed in giant cells and less commonly presented in balloon cells. P-S6 typically presented in all abnormal glioneuronal cells and it nearly did not present in the normal neurons of N-CTX group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>PI3K pathway, at least in part, involves in the occurrence of MCD, and may play an important role in the pathogenesis.</p>
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Young Adult , Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing , Metabolism , Epilepsy , Metabolism , Pathology , Ganglioglioma , Metabolism , Pathology , Malformations of Cortical Development , Metabolism , Pathology , Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases , Metabolism , Phosphoproteins , Metabolism , Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases , Metabolism , Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases, 70-kDa , Metabolism , Signal Transduction , TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases , Metabolism , Tuberous Sclerosis , Metabolism , Pathology , Tumor Suppressor Proteins , MetabolismABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Dendritic cell vaccines are one of the important active immunotherapies for neoplasms. The aim of this study was to observe the killing effect of specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) on liver carcinoma HepG2 and SMMC-7721 cells in vitro. The CTL was induced by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells-originated dendritic cells (DC) transfected by recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) with hAFP gene fragment (137-145).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Immature DCs were generated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of healthy volunteers and then transfected by rAAV with AFP gene fragment. The CTL was thereafter induced. The activities of DC and CTL were measured and the killing effect of the CTL on HepG2 cells was detected using M1Tr assay.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The mature DC, transfected or not, highly expressed CD40, CD86 and IL-12. IFN-gamma was highly expressed in the CTL. The DC-induced CTL could effectively recognize and destroy the HepG2 and SMMC-7721 cells.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>DC transfected by rAAV can stimulate the proliferation and differentiation of lymphocytes and also induce the proliferation of CTL, and their own phenotypes are not significantly altered. The DC vaccine can be effectively used as an adjuvant immunotherapy for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.</p>
Subject(s)
Humans , B7-2 Antigen , Metabolism , CD40 Antigens , Metabolism , Cancer Vaccines , Allergy and Immunology , Carcinoma, Hepatocellular , Pathology , Cell Differentiation , Cell Line, Tumor , Cell Proliferation , Cytotoxicity, Immunologic , Dendritic Cells , Cell Biology , Allergy and Immunology , Metabolism , Dependovirus , Genetics , Hep G2 Cells , Interferon-gamma , Metabolism , Interleukin-12 , Metabolism , Liver Neoplasms , Pathology , Peptide Fragments , Genetics , T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic , Allergy and Immunology , Metabolism , Pathology , Transfection , alpha-Fetoproteins , GeneticsABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore multiple slices computed tomography (MSCT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of duplication of the internal auditory canal (DIAC) in order to improve the accuracy of diagnosis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Four cases (5 ears) were analyzed and the related documents were reviewed retrospectively. MSCT was performed on all cases, and two cases had MRI scanning at the same time.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>MSCT has shown that the internal auditory canal were divided into two canals by a bony septum in 5 ears. The superior canal ended in a very narrow connection to the facial canal, the inferior portion ended in connection to the cochlea and vestibule. The bony septums from the 2 ears were found no longer intact. The sum of diameter of the two canals was greater than 2 mm. In addition, 5 ears were found to have an enlarged vestibules and the hypoplasia lateral semicircular canals, and meanwhile, 2 ears of them were combined with ipsilateral microtia. Also 1 case of them was combined with microtia, outer acoustic atresia as well as abnormal middle ear. Multiplanar reconstruction and volume rendering images can entirely show the bony septum and two canals. In this study, the vestibular nerve, cochlear nerve and facial nerve were total hypoplastic in one ear, in the other ear, the vestibular and cochlear nerve were hypoplastic, and however, the facial nerve was intact.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>MSCT can clearly depict duplication of the internal auditory canals and concomitant anomalies. MRI can clearly show the neural components and their associated malformation.</p>
Subject(s)
Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Ear, Inner , Diagnostic Imaging , Pathology , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Retrospective Studies , Tomography, Spiral ComputedABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVES</b>To compare the in vitro killing effects of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) induced by dendritic cells(DCs) that modified with 4 different specific hAFP-derived peptides.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>DCs derived from normal human peripheral monocytes were activated by GM-CSF and IL-4. MTT assay was applied to analyse the proliferation activities of the DCs. To induce the specific CTLs, DCs modified with four immunodominant epitopes from alpha fetoprotein (AFP) were cocultured with MNC derived CD8+ lymphocytes. The acquired specific CTLs were cocultured with SMMC-7721 cells at different dilutions, and the killing effects were detected by flow-cytometry and Non-Radioactive Cytotoxity kit.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The CTLs stimulated by DCs modified with the four immunodominant epitopes from alpha fetoprotein (AFP) had specific killing activities on the SMMC-7721 cells. And statistical differences of the killing effects existed between the hAFP(158-166) (FMNKFIYEI) group and the other three groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>CTLs induced by the DCs modified with the four immunodominant peptides had significant killing effects on the hepatocellular cancer cells in vitro. The hAFP(158-166) (FMNKFIYEI) peptide had a relatively higher efficiency in inducing DCs and stimulating specific CTLs.</p>
Subject(s)
Humans , Cell Line, Tumor , Cell Proliferation , Cytotoxicity, Immunologic , Dendritic Cells , Allergy and Immunology , Peptides , Allergy and Immunology , T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic , Cell Biology , Allergy and Immunology , alpha-Fetoproteins , Classification , Allergy and ImmunologyABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To introduce diagnosis and treatment of the metacarpophalangeal joint (MPJ) locking caused by sesamoid turned-over dislocation of the thumb.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Five cases with metacarpophalangeal joint locking were involved in the study, male 4 and female 1. The average age was 35 years old(ranging from 18 to 47 years). All the patients received manual reduction under local anaesthesia. But only three were successful, others patients were reduced by operation. Metacarpophalangeal joint locking caused by sesamoid turned-over dislocation with the volar plate and the short flexor muscle of the thumb tendon were reveded. The metacarpophalangeal joint locking was released after reduction of sesamoid turned-over dislocation of the thumb.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The mean follow-up time was 15 months (3-34 months). The mean range of MPJ flexion was 45 degrees (35 degrees - 60 degrees). The signs for pain and swelling were released. Satisfactory thumb opposition can be seen.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>It was one of the important reasons of the metacarpophalangeal joint locking caused by sesamoid turned-over dislocation of the thumb.</p>