ABSTRACT
Objective: To establish an HPLC fingerprint analysis method of Zhishi Xiebai Guizhi Decoction (ZXGD) and the content determination method of 10 index components of the decoction, and carry out the relevant evaluation and analysis. Methods: HPLC method was used to establish the fingerprint analysis method of ZXGD and then similarity evaluation was carried out. Ten index components of the decoction were determined, the influence of the change of compatibility of medicinal materials on the content of index components was analyzed. Cluster analysis and other chemometrics methods were used to analyze the relevant data and evaluate the impact and value of quality control related indicators of ZXGD. Results: The similarity of 10 batches of samples ranged from 0.376 to 0.990, and that of five batches was more than 0.9, which indicated that the similarity of 10 batches of samples was quite different. In 10 batches of samples, S1, S2, S3, S5, S6, S8 and S10 were in one group, S4 and S9 were in one group, S7 was in one group. In this study, 30 characteristic peaks were calibrated, and principal components 1-6 was the main factor affecting the quality evaluation of medicinal materials. Among the 30 characteristic peaks, peak 21 (neohesperidin), 26, 29 (honokiol), 3, 23, 17, 30 (magnolol), 5, 24 (coumarin), 28, and 7 were the key components. The results showed that except quercetin, the other nine components had good linear relationship, precision, stability and repeatability in the range of mass concentration. Different compatibilities could increase or inhibit the dissolution of related components in medicinal materials. Conclusion: The HPLC method can be used for the simultaneous determination of ten chemical components in ZXGD. The method is efficient, accurate and reproducible, and can be used for the quality control and evaluation of ZXGD.
ABSTRACT
Diabetes mellitus is a serious chronic metabolic disease, and the patient's hyperglycemia is often accompanied by complications. In the circles of medical science, traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) has the earliest knowledge and research about diabetes. According to TCM, the clinical characteristics of diabetes mellitus were basically the same as "Xiaoke". TCM also believes that "Yin deficiency and dryness heat" was the main pathogenesis of diabetes. Therefore, Yin-tonifying TCMs is widely used in clinical treatment of diabetes mellitus, including Dendrobii Caulis, Lilii Bulbus, Ophiopogonis Radix, Polygonati Rhizome. The effective component for treating diabetes in the above Chinese materia medica is polysaccharides, which is used to treat complications of diabetes mellitus, like vascular disease, nephropathy, retinopathy, peripheral neuropathy. According to literature reports, except for specific some Yin-tonifying TCMs with effective ingredients for preventing and treating diabetes, other Yin-tonifying TCMs only contain water, alcohol extracts or polysaccharides in the treatment of diabetes. However, due to unclear material basis, dose-effect relationship and mechanism target of hypoglycemic drugs, Yin-tonifying TCMs are restricted in clinical application, with certain difficulties in in-depth studies. In this paper, the literatures related to the treatment of diabetes mellitus and its complications with Yin-tonifying TCM are analyzed and summarized, the existing problems are analyzed, and the research ideas and methods based on chromatographic technology and metabonomics are put forward, in order to provide reference for the application and development of Yin-tonifying TCM.
Subject(s)
Humans , Chronic Disease , Diabetes Mellitus/drug therapy , Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use , Medicine, Chinese Traditional , Yin DeficiencyABSTRACT
In order to study the effect of sediment of water extract of Guizhi decoction on the stability, clarity and peaks area, and characterize the chemical composition of the sediments, HPLC and MS methods were established. Through comparison of the common peak areas and the turbidity value of water extract and filtrate, the sediments could greatly change the common peak areas of the decoction (for more than 5 times of the study standard); at the same time, the turbidity value of the decoction could increase by （38.66±1.57）% in 48 h [particularly by （24.54±1.68）% in 6 h]. The test indicated that the sediments had an effect on the stability and clarity under the test conditions in Guizhi decoction. The study confirmed that the sediments were mainly derived from Cassia twig, Paeonia lactiflora and Glycyrrhiza uralensis. On the basis of the reference information, the accurate molecular weight and fragment ion information provided by LC-MS were analyzed, the molecular formula of sediments components A-F were determined, and the possible structural information of components B, C, D and F were deduced. It was suggested that the multi-index, multi-target and multi-angle analysis could ensure the quality of traditional Chinese medicine and the effect of clinical medication. The study also suggested the effect of the sediments on clinical application and the preparation of traditional Chinese medicine.
ABSTRACT
Guizhi Decoction was one of the most commonly used traditional Chinese Medicine which possesses the effects of "jie-ji-fa-biao, regulating Ying and Wei". It was mainly used to treat mind-cold due to exogenous evils such as fever, headache, sweating, hate the wind, et al. Modern studies indicated that the chemical constituents of Guizhi decoction mainly include phenylpropanoid, monoterpenes, organic acids, flavonoids, triterpenoid saponins and so on. Pharmacological experimental studies had shown that Guizhi decoction could play a big role in dual-directional regulation on sweat gland, body temperature, immune function, gastrointestinal peristalsis, and blood pressure, and could also play the role of anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral, anti-allergic, analgesic, hypoglycemic, and cardiovascular protection. Many diseases such as internal, external, gynecological and pediatric diseases were treated in the clinical by using Guizhi decoction and its analogous formulae involving circulatory, immune, urinary, reproductive, endocrine, digestive, nervous and other systems. This article reviews the latest research progress of Guizhi decoction from three aspects: chemical constituents, pharmacological mechanism and clinical application. It will provide reference for further research and development of Guizhi decoction.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the in-vitro release behavior of venetoclax preparations, the pharmacokinetic processes and the correlations between in-vitro release and in-vivo absorption of venetoclax in Beagle dogs. METHODS: The dissolution curves of venetoclax preparations in different dissolution media were studied. HPLC method was established for the determination of venetoclax in Beagle dogs, and the pharmacokinetics were studied for commercial venetoclax tablets in Beagle dogs under fed and fasted states.The IVIVC study was carried out by linear regression of cumulative in-vitro drug release and in-vivo absorption accumulation percentage data. RESULTS: The in-vitro release behavior among venetoclax formulation in 4 dissolution media were significant difference. The simple, accurate and rapid analysis method for venetoclax blood samples was established. The fed group and the fasted group AUC0→∞ were (32.38±5.87) and (27.70±6.32) mg·h·L-1, the concentration of peak were (4.04±0.78) and (3.72 ±0.69) μg·mL-1, the peak time were (6.01±1.04) and (4.27±0.92) h, respectively, and there was obvious difference (P<0.05) in AUC0→∞ and the peak time between two group. Percentage of in-vivo absorption was in good agreement with in-vitro release in pH 6.8 0.2%SDS media. CONCLUSION: The study shows that food could improve the bioavailability of venetoclax formulation; 0.2%SDS pH 6.8 media (paddle, 75 r·min-1) is the in-vivo release of venetoclax associated with the in-vitro release condition.
ABSTRACT
Pinellia Rhizoma is one of the most commonly used medicinal herbs in clinic, but its toxicity couldn't be ignored. Processing is a detoxification method before the toxic traditional Chinese medicine were given to the patients, and mainly impacted the amount of relevant components in Chinese medicinal herbs (increase or decrease). Although there were still some disputes about the toxic components in Pinelliae Rhizoma (mainly referring to the alkaloid substances), more literatures reported that needle-like calcium oxalate crystals and lectin protein in Pinelliae Rhizoma were the main toxic components, and had a significant effect on inflammation and irritation caused by Pinellia Rhizoma. With the development of research methods and the expansion of research angles, researches for the effect of processing on the detoxification mechanism of Pinelliae Rhizoma have been constantly deepened. The recent reports showed that the detoxification mechanism of the herb was correlated with the dosage of detoxifying components, and the effect of relevant excipients in inhibiting a variety of inflammatory cytokines. However, we shall also pay attention to alum and other processing accessories that could cause new toxicity from residual aluminum, and the impact from processing conditions, origin of Chinese medicinal herbs and their combination with other medicinal herbs on Pinellia Rhizoma's toxicity. This paper describes toxic components, different detoxification methods and relevant detoxification mechanisms in Pinelliae Rhizoma to provide the references for further research and development of the plant.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish an HPLC method for the content determination of epigoitrin in Radix Isatidis and its preparation, and to provide valuable data for quality control of Radix Isatidis and its preparation.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The samples were separated on a ZORBAX SB-C18 (4. 6 mm x 150 mm, 5 microm) column with the mobile phase of acetonitrile-water-phosphoric acid-triethylamine (8.50 : 90.72 : 0.73 : 0.05) in the flow rate of 0.7 mL x min(-1). The detection wavelength was set at 245 nm. Column temperature was 30 degrees C.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The linear range of epigoitrin was 0.0204-0.3060 microg (r = 0.9998), and the average recovery was 98.99% with the RSD was 1.31% (n = 9).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The method for quantitation of epigoitrin in Radix Isatidis and its preparation was accurate and reliable, which can be used to evaluate the quality of Radix Isatidis and its preparation.</p>