Diagnosis and treatment of xanthogranulomatous prostatitis: a case report and review of the literature / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the diagnosis and treatment of xanthogranulomatous prostatitis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A 75-year-old man presented with a 3-month history of difficult urination and frequent micturition, which was exacerbated for 2 days. Digital rectal examination indicated an enlarged prostate size of II degrees with hard texture but no tenderness. Serum total PSA was 172.5 microg/L. TRUS revealed 200 ml of post-micturition residual urine, thickened bladder wall, prostate size of 4.3 cm x 3.8 cm x 5.0 cm and no isochrones. MRI showed an enlarged prostate gland, with marked enlargement of the central zones and low-signal intensity of the peripheral gland, part of the prostate gland protruding to the bladder with no clear dividing line. It was diagnosed as prostate cancer initially, and confirmed by needle biopsy.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Histopathological examination revealed large numbers of "foamy macrophages" in the lesion, with a few multinucleated giant cells, leukocytes, mononuclear, plasmocytes and fibroplasia. Immunohistochemistry showed CD68 (+) and PSA (-). The patient was treated with oral Tamsulosin and glucocorticoid and by temporary catheterization, and followed up for 20 months. Urination symptoms began to alleviate and serum PSA to decrease at 4 months. The PSA level was 9.2 microg/L at 13 months and 3.6 microg/L at 17 months.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Xanthogranulomatous prostatitis is a rare clinically, which can be confirmed by histopathological examination. It is treated mainly by supportive therapy and, for the cases with severe lower urinary tract obstruction, TURP can be employed. Follow-up must be performed by possible examination of PSA and necessary needle biopsy of the prostate.</p>

The concentration of HO-2 and CO in rat penile tissue of different ages / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the distribution of heme oxygenase-2 and concentration of carbon monoxide in rat penile tissue of 8, 16 and 24 months and investigate the relationship between the system of HO-2/CO and aging.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Using SABC immunohistochemistry staining, image analysis system and the method of carboxyhemoglobin standard curve, the distribution of heme oxygenase-2 and concentration of carbon monoxide in different month rat penile tissues were investigated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The penile arteries were surrounded by HO-2 positive cells, which were also seen in the trabecular meshwork of smooth muscle. Compared with other part of penile, the penile arteries adventitia and the endothelial cells of cavernous exhibited darker staining. With the increasing of rat's living month the staining of penile tissues turned faint and the concentration of carbon monoxide in tissue decreased( P < 0.05 ). The imaging analysis system showed that the older the rat was the less HO-2 positive compositions contained (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>With aging the decreasing concentration of HO-2 leads to the downfgt-regulation in rat penile tissue.</p>