ABSTRACT
To investigate the effects of oleanolic acid (OA) on the proliferation, migration and the formation of tube-like structure in human vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs). MTT assay, flat plate scarification, Transwell plates and matrigel-induced tube formation assay were performed to detect the effects of OA on proliferation, migration and tube formation. MTT assay showed that the inhibition rates of HUVECs treated with 60 and 100 microg x mL(-1) of OA for 24 h were 19% and 83% respectively. Treatment of HUVECs significantly inhibited the cell migration in a dose-dependent manner. The vascular indexes of HUVECs treated with 40 and 60 microg x mL(-1) OA were 33% and 20% respectively. Western blotting analysis showed that treatment of the cells with OA significantly attenuated the expression and secretion of VEGF. Additionally, VEGF could in part reverse the effects of OA on migration and tube formation of HUVECs. In conclusion, OA inhibits the proliferation, and VEGF plays an important role in OA induced decreased migration and tube formation of HUVECs.
Subject(s)
Humans , Cell Movement , Cell Proliferation , Cells, Cultured , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells , Cell Biology , Metabolism , Neovascularization, Physiologic , Oleanolic Acid , Pharmacology , Signal Transduction , Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A , Metabolism , Bodily SecretionsABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To sequence and analyze the whole genome of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) strain named 47 which was isolated from patient's cerebrospinal fluid sample in Heilongjiang province in 1950.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>RNA was extracted from the recovery strain 47 and amplified with self-designed JEV genome sequencing primers. The differentiation analysis for nucleotides and coding amino acids and phylogenetic analysis were performed by the software of DNAStar, Modeltest, and Phylip.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The whole genome of strain 47 has 10,977 nucleotides. An open reading frame from 95 to 10,391 including 10,296 nucleotides is capable of coding a 3432 amino acid polyprotein. The nucleotide difference between strain 47 and 5 vaccine strains is 2.4%-4.4%, the amino acid difference between strain 47 and 5 vaccine strains is 0.3%-1.1%. The best evolution model for the whole genome is GTR + I + G. Based on the phylogenetic analysis, strain 47 belongs to the genotype III JEV.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Strain 47 is highly conserved on whole genome nucleotide and amino acid sequence. And it is belongs to the genotype III JEV.</p>