Primary mechanism of the role of dual oxidase-1 causing airway allergic diseases in human bronchial epithelium / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the role of dual oxidase-1 (DUOX-1) inducing airway hyperresponsiveness in human bronchial epithelium.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The human bronchial epithelial cells were divided into several groups: control group, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) group, methyl-β-cyclodextrin (M-β-CD)+TNF-α group, desipramine (DES)+ TNF-α group, diphenylene iodonium (DPI) + TNF-α group and apocynin (APO)+TNF-α group. Fractionation was performed by sucrose gradient centrifugation and the protein DUOX-1 was measured by western blotting. The lipid raft clusters and its colocalization with DUOX-1 were confocal analysed. The intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation was measured by fluorescence of reactive oxygen probe of intracellular measurement. Sigmastat 3.02 software was used to analyze the data.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) Detection of ROS, control group: 1.00 ± 0.00; TNF-α group: 1.95 ± 0.16; M-β-CD+TNF-α group: 0.91 ± 0.16; DES+TNF-α group: 1.49 ± 0.20; DPI+TNF-α group: 1.03 ± 0.16; APO+TNF-α group: 1.47 ± 0.26. The difference was statistically significant (F = 3.83, P < 0.05). (2) Extracts in rafts to lipid rafts region represents the ratio of total protein, protein content DUOX-1 each group, control group: 0.21 ± 0.02; TNF-α group: 0.49 ± 0.04; M-β-CD+TNF-α group: 0.08 ± 0.02; DES+TNF-α group: 0.09 ± 0.03; the difference was statistically significant (F = 3.96, P < 0.05). (3) DUOX-1 protein fluorescence values, control group: 1.72 ± 0.21; TNF-α group: 8.11 ± 1.23; M-β-CD+TNF-α group: 1.51 ± 0.32; DES+TNF-α group: 1.43 ± 0.11; the difference was statistically significant (F = 4.87, P < 0.05). (4) DUOX-1 gene detection, control group: 1.00 ± 0.00 ScrRNA+TNF-α group: 1.75 ± 0.04; DUOX-1siRNA+TNF-αgroup: 1.15 ± 0.02; the difference was statistically significant (F = 4.19, P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>TNF-α can induce DUOX-1 expression increasing in lipid raft, then the DUOX-1 can be activated to increase reactive oxygen species level; acidic sphingomyelinase inhibitor desipramine can inhibit this process, the results disclose that the process will depend on the ceramide of lipid raft.</p>

Impact in response control, attention and hyperactivity behavior on children with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome by integrated visual and auditory continuous performance test / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the impact in response control, attention and hyperactivity behavior on children with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) by the integrated visual and auditory continuous performance test (IVA-CPT).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Fifty-one children aged between 5 and 12 years were diagnosed as OSAHS by polysomnography (PSG), and received adenotonsillectomy and adenoidectomy or only adenoidectomy. Then received IVA-CPT and PSG before surgery, 3 months after surgery and 6 months after surgery (named as first, second and third time point). These children were divided into two groups according to the disease course (group A: course of disease < 5 years; group B: course of disease ≥ 5 years). The SPSS 19.0 was used for statistical analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>By balanced test, there were no differences in gender, body mass index (BMI) and disease severity among the two groups before surgery (P > 0.05). The numbers of children with abnormal psychological behavior at three time points were 32 (62.7%), 25 (49.0%) and 8 (15.7%). The abnormal rate did not show statistical difference between the first and second time point (χ(2) = 1.49, P = 0.163), but did show statistical difference between the second and third time point (χ(2) = 12.95, P < 0.001). Repetitive measurement and analysis of variance showed that there were statistical differences in means of FRCQ, FAQ and HYP between three time points in two groups (F were 342.15, 263.12, 380.57, P < 0.001), and all the means improved with time. It also showed that there were statistical differences in means of FRCQ, FAQ and HYP between two groups at every time point (F were 167.05, 126.47, 117.683, P < 0.001). FRCQ and HYP all showed interation effect between two groups (P < 0.001). Means of apnea hypopnea index (AHI) and lowest arterial (LaSO2) were compared between three time points in two groups and all showed statistical differences (F were 99.057, 70.742, P < 0.001). Means of AHI and LaSO2 were compared between two groups at every time point. AHI and LaSO2 did not show statistical difference (P > 0.05). AHI and LaSO2 did not exist interation effect of disease course and time.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>OSAHS obviously affect the children's response control, attention and hyperactivity behavior, but can recover gradually after adenotonsillectomy and adenoidectomy or only adenoidectomy. Therefore, Children with OSAHS should receive treatment as early as possible so as to reduce the influence on psychology.</p>

Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells regulate the proliferation and activity of natural killer cells / 中国实验血液学杂志

This study was aimed to explore the effect of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) on proliferation and activity of natural killer (NK) and NK-T cells. MSC was co-cultured with peripheral mononuclear cells from healthy donors in presence of IL-2, phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and mouse anti-human CD3 McAb (culture condition known to expand NK cells). The ratio of NK cells and NK-T cells was measured by flow cytometry and the effect of MSC on killing activity of NK cells against K562 cells was detected by MTT method after co-cultured with different densities of MSC. The results showed that MSC inhibited the production of NK cells in a dose-dependent manner generally. At the densities of 0, 1 × 10(5) and 5 × 10(5)/ml, the ratios of NK cells in the co-culture conditions were (16.9 ± 4.6), (14.0 ± 8.6) and (6.4 ± 4.6), respectively (P < 0.05). However, MSC could promote the formation of NK cells at lower MSC density (1 × 10(4)/ml), the ratio of NK cells reached to (20.9 ± 7.1), which was higher than that of culture condition without MSC (P < 0.05). The different densities of MSC in the co-culture conditions had no much influence on the ratio of NK-T cells (P > 0.05). MTT assay showed that the killing activity of suspended cells in co-culture system against K562 cells was parallel with the ratio of NK cells. Different densities of MSC regulated bidirectionally killing activity of NK to K562 cells by regulating bidirectionally ratio of NK cells. It is concluded that the MSC can promote the formation of NK cells and enhance its activity against tumor cells in the lower doses, while suppress the formation of NK cells and attenuate its tumor-killing effect in higher dose condition.