ABSTRACT
Objective:To understand the risk characteristics of high-risk population of chronic disease in Shanghai， and provide theoretical basis for screening management and health intervention. Methods:The data from the 2013 Shanghai Non-communicable and Chronic Diseases Surveillance was used for analysis. People （aged 35 and over） who had no diagnosis of hypertension， diabetes and dyslipidemia but met the criteria for high-risk groups of chronic diseases were included in the study. Finally， 3 682 participants were included. Results:In this high-risk population， 62.90% of the subjects has total serum cholesterol level of 5.2-6.2 mmol/L， 35.88% had blood pressure level of （130-139）/（85-89） mmHg， 30.50% had abdominal obesity， 27.68% were current smokers， and 8.75% had fasting blood glucose level of 6.1-7.0 mmol/L. Among the different risk characteristics， the detection rate of smoking risk in men was higher than that in women （64.51% vs. 1.49%）. On the contrary， the detection rate of waist circumference and serum total cholesterol risk in women was higher than that in men （34.90% vs. 24.31% and 72.30% vs. 49.67%， respectively）. The differences were statistically significant （P<0.05）. The detection rates of the five high-risk characteristics were not the same in all age groups. The detection rate of blood pressure risk was relatively low， and the cholesterol risk was relatively high in the highly educated population. The blood pressure risk was the highest among agricultural practitioners （42.26%）. The detection rate of smoking risk was the highest in rural areas （31.45%）， and the risk of cholesterol was the highest in urban areas （68.54%）. The differences were statistically significant （P<0.05）. Among the high-risk groups of chronic diseases in Shanghai， the distribution of high-risk characteristics in genders， ages， and occupational types were not the same and the differences were statistically significant （P<0.05）. Conclusions:The level of risk characteristics among high-risk groups of chronic diseases in Shanghai is relatively high. Relevant departments should carry out targeted health interventions for different populations to reduce the level of risk factors in high-risk groups of chronic diseases and control the potential risk of chronic diseases.
ABSTRACT
Objective:To understand the epidemiological characteristics of high-risk population of hypertension in Shanghai， and to provide references for health management and targeted lifestyle intervention of the high-risk population in community. Methods:The data from the 2013 Shanghai Non-communicable and Chronic Diseases Surveillance were used. The subjects who met the criteria of high-risk population of hypertension were included， and 11 753 subjects were finally identified， to analyze the distribution and level of risk characteristics. Result:Among six high-risk characteristics of hypertension， the detection rate of high salt in diet was the highest （55.3%）， followed by overweight/obesity （44.0%）， family history of hypertension （41.6%）， and blood pressure level of （130-139）/（85-89） mmHg （31.7%）. The detection rate of excessive drinking was the lowest （5.0%）. The percentage of population with one or two high-risk characteristics was higher than that with three or more high-risk characteristics （76.9% vs. 23.1%）. Systolic blood pressure， diastolic blood pressure， fasting plasma glucose level， and body mass index in the male high-risk group were higher than those in the female group， and the differences were statistically significant （P<0.05）. Systolic blood pressure， diastolic blood pressure， fasting plasma glucose level， body mass index and daily salt intake were different between different age groups， educational level and occupational types （P<0.05）. Systolic blood pressure， diastolic blood pressure， body mass index and daily salt intake were significantly different among high-risk groups with different marital status （P<0.05）. The daily salt intake and systolic blood pressure levels of high-risk population in different areas were significantly different （P<0.05）. Conclusion:We should identify high-risk groups of hypertension as early as possible and actively carry out community health management and targeted lifestyle interventions. The focus should be on the groups and individuals with high-risk characteristics such as dietary high salt and overweight/obesity， male， middle-aged and low-educated groups. In this way， we can reduce the level of high-risk characteristics， prevent and delay the occurrence of hypertension.