ABSTRACT
ObjectiveTo summarize the echocardiographic diagnosis, clinical classification and prognosis of different types of fetal congenital cardiac malformation (FCMH).MethodsThe echocardiography sonogram characteristics for 429 cases with FCMH were summarized and analyzed by pathological findings and postnatal following-up.ResultsThe incidence of FCMH was 1.3% (429/33 800). In one hundred and seventy-seven caese of single structure malformation, there were 5 cases of Atrial septal defect and 55 cases of interventricular septal defect (34.5%, 61/177). The others including (116 cases): 10 cases of single atrium and 34 cases of single ventricle, 20 cases of Ebstein’s anomaly, 11 cases of tricuspid atresia and 6 cases of pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular seprum, 20 cases of pulmonary stenosis, 10 cases of coarctation of aortic arch and 4 cases of interruption of aortic arch, 1 case of pulmonary artery sling. In two hundred and thirty-three cases of symphysic teratism, there were 41 cases of double-outllet right or left ventricle (17.5%, 41/233) and Tetralogy of Fallot (40 cases, 17.2%, 40/233). The others (152 cases) including: 16 cases of complete and 18 cases of corrected transposition of great arteries, 38 cases of atrioventricular septal defect, 30 cases of truncus arteriosus persistens, 8 cases of total and 10 cases of partial abnormal pulmonary venous drainage, 14 cases of hypoplastic right heart and 6 cases of left heart syndrome, 9 cases of pulmonary artery atresia with ventricular septal defect, 2 cases of plysplenia and 1 case of plenia syndrome. Nineteen cases of instructure cardiac anomalies including 16 cases of heart tumor and 3 cases of endocardial ifbroelastosis. Nine cases were missed diagnosis and 7 cases were misdiagnosis. A total of 136 cases couldn′t be cured with an unfavorable outcome. Nighty three cases with severe FCMH could be cured. Fifty four cases needed emergent treatment postnatal, and 146 cases with mild abnormality.ConclusionsFetal congenital malformation of heart diagnosed by antenatal echocardiography is valuable for guiding the clinical decision in prevetion and treatment it can also reduce perinatal mortality with congenital malformation of heart.
ABSTRACT
Objective To identify the effective results of ultrasound in degradation of polymeric nanoparticles released DNA .Polymeric nanoparticles was made by dehydration of polyacetylglutamicacid (PLGA, polylactic-co-glycolic acid)solution. Method Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP) was enclosed by PLGA. Different kinds of ultrasound mode and different duct cycle and power ones were used to radiate PLGA solution for 90 s, 9 min, 20 min separately after the solution prepared for 2 hrs,then putted the solution on centrifugal machine at 13000 r/m. Using Choloroform to get rid of fat-soluble impurity,then applied nanodrop to survey the releasing rate of DNA. Finally the effect of cell expression were observed by fluorescent microscope. Results The amount of DNA released from PLGA in groups which were exposed to ultrasound were significantly different from the groups which were not exposed to ultrosound. The releasing amount of former groups had upper limitation. The releasing rate was increased with the increment of the irradiation time,frequency of ultrasound;The effect of the DNA releasing and PLGA degradation by continuous-wave irradiation was stronger than pulsed-wave ultrasound. Conclusion Ultrasound can promote the degradation of PLGA, and do help in DNA releasing and expression in vitro.