ABSTRACT
Objective The purpose of this study was to analyze the susceptibility profile of Acinetobacter baumannii to antimicrobial agents,and validate the results of different antimicrobial susceptibility testing methods,for improving the quality of antibiotic resistance monitoring data.Methods The susceptibility data of Hebei Provincial Antimicrobial Resistant Investigation Net were analyzed retrospectively and 126 strains ofA.baumannii were collected.The susceptibility ofA.baumannii to piperacillintazobactam,amikacin,gentamicin,ciprofloxacin,levofloxacin,ceftazidime,imipenem,and meropenem was tested by E-test,KirbyBauer method and VITEK system.Results The susceptibility results of the 126 A.baumannii strains showed that the susceptibility to piperacillin-tazobactam,amikacin,gentamicin,levofloxacin and ceftazidime was significantly different between the three methods (P＜0.05).The categorical agreement,major error,minor error,and very major error of Kirby-Bauer method were within acceptable range.There were evident difference in classification consistency for piperacillin-tazobactam,amikacin,levofloxacin between Kirby-Bauer method and VITEK (P＜0.05).Conclusions Different antimicrobial susceptibility testing methods may lead to different results of resistance monitoring data.Bias may be generated in antibiotic resistance surveillance if different methods are used.The susceptibility results of piperacillin-tazobactam,amikacin,levofloxacin derived from VITEK system should be validated by Kirby-Bauer or E-test method.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the contamination of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) from object surface of key departments in a hospital,and identify whether these CRAB were homologous. Methods Environmental hygienic monitoring in intensive care unit (ICU),emergency intensive care unit(EICU), hemodialysis room and operating room was conducted.Acinetobacter baumannii (A.baumannii)isolated from ICU and EICU environmental specimens were amplified and typed by enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus-poly-merase chain reaction (ERIC-PCR).Results Except hand hygiene of health care workers in EICU was qualified, bacterial count of object surface of ICU and EICU were all unqualified;detection results of specimens from hemodi-alysis room and operating room were all qualified.A total of 53 specimens were taken from object surface of ICU and EICU,7 (13.21 %)A.baumannii isolates were isolated,and all were CRAB isolates,6 of which were of the same genotype and were identical with A.baumannii from patients’sputum.Conclusion CRAB isolated from object surface in key departments is homologous,cleaning and disinfection of environmental object surface should be inten-sified to reduce the occurrence of healthcare-associated infection.
ABSTRACT
Objective To elucidate the association of the susceptibility for rheumatoid arthritis ( RA )and peptidylarginine deiminase 4(PADI4) genetic single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in Han population in Hebei province.Methods This hospital-based ease-control study included 105 untreated RA patients and 96 healthy controls.The genotypes and allele frequencies of padi4_92 gene polymorphisms were analyzed by PCR-RFLP method,and the analysis of linkage disequilibrium and haplotype construction were performed for padi4_92,padi4_94 and padi4_104 SNPs.The Peason Chi-square test and Woolf statistic method were used to analyze the odds ration (OR) and 95％ confidence interval (95％CI).Results Significant differences in the frequency of PADI4 alleles and genotypes between the cases and controls were observed.The combined effect of padi4_92,padi4_94 and padi4_104 SNPs was analyzed by SHEsis snd Genehunter software,and got three haplotypes,CCC,GTT and GCC.There was significant difference in haplotypes distribution of 3 SNPs of padi4 between the two groups.This analysis of haplotypes revealed that haplotype of PADI4 was a risk factor for RA The ORs for these three haplotypes for RA susceptibility were 0.634 (95％CI=0.425-0.946),1.306 (95％CI=0.864-1.975),4.286 (95％CI=1.274-14.424),respectively.Conclnsion The SNPs of PADI4 may contribute to genetic susceptibility to RA in Han population in Hebei Province.
ABSTRACT
Objective To study the association of peptidylarginine deiminase 4 (PADI4) (padi4_94 and padi4_104) genetic single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) susceptibility in Han population of Hebei province. Methods This hospital-based case-control study included 115 RA patients and 106 healthy controls. All the individuals were recruited from Han Hebei residents and were randomly selected. The genotype and allele frequencies of PADI4 gene polymorphisms (padi4_94 and padi4_104) were analyzed by PCR-DNA sequencing method. Results The distribution of padi4_94 and padi4_104 genotypes between the two groups was not significantly deviated from that expected by Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P>0.05). The combined effect of padi4_94 and padi4_104 SNPs was analyzed and three haplotypos (AA, AG and GG) were found but without GA haplotype. The genotype and allele distribution of padi4_94 and padi4_104 in the patients with RA was not significantly different from that in healthy controls,and the analysis of haplotypes revealed that no haplotypes were risk factors for RA. Conclusion In Han population of Hebei province, the SNPs of PADI4 (padi4_94 or/and padi4_104) is no associated with RA susceptibility. Therefore, it should not be regarded as a genetic risk factor for RA.
ABSTRACT
Objective To study the gene polymorphism at position padi4_94 in Chinese Han people of Hebei Province and the characters of distribution.Methods 106 healthy individuals and 115 rheumatoid arthritis patients in Hebei Province were randomly selected. Padi4_94 gene was screened by sequencing of the promotor. The correlations between the SNP site and anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody (anti-CCP) was discussed.Results There were three genotypes: AA, AG and GG in Chinese Han people of Hebei Province. No significant differences of gene frequency and allele gene frequency were found between healthy individuals and RA patients, and no correlation between SNP and the production of anti-CCP.Conclusions Hebei Province The gene polymorphisms at position padi4_94 existed in Chinese Han people of Hebei Province,but possibly would not affect RA susceptibility and the production of anti-CCP.
ABSTRACT
Objective To establish a new method for determination of trace cadmium in river water. Methods Cadmium in river water was separated and enriched with sulfhydryl cotton, in the presence of 4?10~3 % emulsifier OP and H3PO4-NaH2PO4 water solution, Victoria Pure Blue BO reacted with [CdI4]2- forming an ionic-associated complex and the color of the solution changed from yellow to pure blue, and the content of trace cadmium in river water was determined by spectrophotometry. Results When cadmium was enriched fifty times, the apparent molar absorptivity of the associated complex was ?=2.79?10_5 L/(mol?cm). Beer's law was obeyed in the range 2-100 ?g/L. The recovery rate and RSD of the method was 96.2%-98.6% and 2.5% respectively. Conclusion The method was accurate and sensitive,and was suitable for determination of trace cadmium in river water.