Ocular malignant tumors. Review of the tumor registry at a tertiary eye hospital in central Saudi Arabia

To present the epidemiologic profile and magnitude of ocular malignant tumors [MT] representative of the Saudi population from the Tumor Registry [TR] at King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital [KKESH]. This study evaluated the demographic information, clinical features including tumor laterality, ocular tissue of origin, and diagnosis of patients from the TR registry between 1983 and 2012 at KKESH, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The incidence of MT among Saudi adults [>/= 15 years old], and children [<15 years old] was estimated. The TR recorded 4,146 neoplasms [2,509 [60.5%] benign tumors, and 1,637 [39.5%] MT]. The incidence of MT in children was 3.6 per million/year [M/Y], and 2.4/M/Y for adults. Retinoblastoma [Rb] [n=763, 91%] was the most common ocular malignancy in children. In adults, the most common MT was squamous cell carcinoma [SCC] [n=363, 45.8%], basal cell carcinoma [BCC] [n=186, 23%], uvealmelanoma [n=94, 11.9%], sebaceous gland carcinoma [n=54, 6.8%], lymphomas [orbital, adnexal] [n=46, 5.8%], and others [n=53, 6.8%]. The Rb [7.7/M/Y in <5 years old Saudi children] was less frequent than that reported in some Gulf countries, but higher than that reported from the West. The SCC was less frequent in countries with comparable sun exposure than in other continents, but the incidence remained unchanged over 3 decades. There was a significant increase in BCC between 1983-1992 and 2003-2012. The rates of all cancers remained stable over 3 decades except BCC, which showed a significant rise

Congenital naso-lacrimal duct obstruction

Congenital nasolacrimal obstruction is the most common cause of tearing in infants, with an estimated occurrence rate between 1% to 6% of all newborns. In addition to tearing the child might also have matting of the eyelashes and mucopurulent discharge. In the following, the embryology of the lacrimal drainage system will be discussed as well as the incidence, presentation, pathophysiology, and management of nasolacrimal duct obstruction, with discussion of the success rate and optimal duration of stenting and the different complications