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Objective:To study the impact of excessive iodide intake during pregnancy and lactation on lipid metabolism in offspring male rats.Methods:Forty-eight six-week-old Wistar rats (half male and half female) were fed adaptively for one week. The cage was closed according to the ratio of male and female 1∶1. The pregnant rats were divided into two groups according to their weight (220-240 g) by random number table. (1) 10 times high iodine (10 HI) intake during pregnancy and lactation until the postnatal day 21 (PN21) of their offspring: pregnant rats were divided into normal iodine group (NI group, drinking deionized water), 10 HI group (drinking potassium iodide solution with iodine content of 2 250 μg/L). Breast milk was used to feed the offspring rats to PN21, and the offspring male rats were taken as the research subjects, with 6 rats in each group. (2) 100 times high iodine (100 HI) intake during pregnancy and lactation to the offspring postnatal day 120 (PN120): pregnant rats were divided into NI group (drinking deionized water) and 100 HI group (drinking potassium iodide solution with iodine content of 24 750 μg/L). After feeding the offspring rats with breast milk until PN21, the offspring were continued to drink potassium iodide solution with the same iodine content as the mother's to PN120. The offspring male rats were taken as the research subjects, with 6 rats in each group. The levels of free triiodothyronine (FT 3), free thyroxine (FT 4), thyrotropin (TSH) in serum, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) in serum and liver tissue homogenates were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The mRNA expression of cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase (CYP7A), low-density lipoprotein receptors (LDLR), sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP)-1c, malic enzyme (ME) and thyroid hormone receptor β (TRβ) in the liver tissue were measured by real-time quantitative PCR. Results:(1) Effects of 10 HI intake during pregnancy and lactation on PN21 offspring male rats: compared with NI and 10 HI groups, the serum FT 3 [(7.53 ± 0.74), (8.88 ± 0.99) pmol/L], FT 4 [(5.58 ± 0.56), (7.68 ± 0.30) pmol/L], TSH levels [(16.69 ± 1.05), (14.49 ± 0.16) ng/ml] of offspring male rats were statistically significant ( t=- 2.91,-8.76, 3.59, P < 0.05). The levels of LDL-C, TG, TC in serum and liver of offspring male rats of 10 HI group were significantly lower than those of NI group ( t=3.28, 8.71, 3.44, 3.70, 3.49, 2.74, P < 0.05). The differences of mRNA expression levels of LDLR, ME, SREBP-1c in the liver of PN21 offspring male rats of 10 HI and NI groups were statistically significant ( t=- 3.50,-3.92, 5.58, P < 0.05). Among them, the levels of LDLR and ME in 10 HI group were higher than those in NI group, while the level of SREBP-1c in 10 HI group was lower than that in NI group. There no significant difference in CYP7A and TRβ mRNA levels between the two groups ( t=- 2.44, 3.20, P > 0.05). (2) Effects of 100 HI intake during pregnancy and lactation on PN120 offspring male rats: there were significant differences in serum FT 3, FT 4 and TSH levels of offspring male rats between 100 HI and NI groups ( t=- 4.39,-3.19, 4.72, P < 0.05). The levels of serum FT 3 and FT 4 in 100 HI group were lower than those in NI group, and the level of TSH in 100 HI group was higher than that in NI group ( P < 0.05). Compared with NI group, the serum and liver LDL-C, TG and TC levels in the offspring male rats of 100 HI group were significantly higher ( t=4.49, 12.85, 16.62, 4.35, 11.04, 16.01, P < 0.05). The differences of CYP7A, LDLR, ME, TRβ and SREBP-1c mRNA levels in liver of PN120 offspring male rats of 100 HI and NI groups were statistically significant ( t=26.40, 54.85,-10.98, 32.52, 10.50, P < 0.05). Among them, the CYP7A, LDLR, ME and TRβ mRNA levels in 100 HI group were lower than those of NI group, while the SREBP-1c mRNA level was higher than that of NI group ( P < 0.05). Conclusions:10 HI intake during pregnancy and lactation to the offspring male rats PN21 showed the serological changes of hyperthyroidism, the levels of blood lipids and liver lipids decreased, the levels of LDLR and ME mRNA increased, and SREBP-1c mRNA decreased in liver. However, 100 HI intake during pregnancy and lactation to the offspring male rats PN120 showed serological changes of hypothyroidism, the levels of blood lipids and liver lipids increased, the levels of CYP7A, LDLR, ME mRNA decreased, and SREBP-1c mRNA increased in liver.
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This article takes the modern distance education of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine for example, and analyzes the current situation and future development paths of modern distance education in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) colleges and universities, which has provided references for other TCM colleges and universities to set up modern distance education, and laid the foundation for further improving the quality of distance education and social influence, optimizing the modern TCM talent cultivation system, and enhancing the quality of TCM talent cultivation.
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AIM: To observe the effect of Tangshen formula (TSF) treatment on TGF-β1/Smad3 pathway and cellular cholesterol efflux and explore its potential mechanism in HG-induced mouse tubular epithelial cells (mTECs). METHODS: After 25 mmol/L high glucose induced mTECs, TSF and Smad3 inhibitor SIS3 were given to intervene respectively. The lipid content in the cells was detected by ELISA kit; TGF-β1/Smad3 pathway and PGC-1α, LXR, ABCA1, ABCG1 were detected by Western blot and real-time PCR. RESULTS: TSF diminished the levels of TC, TG, LDL-C and increased the levels of HDL-C in HG-induced mTECs. Western blot and real-time PCR analysis showed that expression levels of TGF-β1, Smad3, Collagen and Fibronectin were significantly downregulated in the HG-induced mTECs with TSF and SIS3 treatment. And PGC-1α, LXR, ABCA1, ABCG1 expression levels were significantly upregulated in the HG-induced mTECs with TSF and SIS3 treatment. CONCLUSION: TSF can promote the cellular cholesterol efflux in HG-induced mTECs vis suppression of TGF-β1/Smad3 pathway.
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AIM: To investigate the association between the polymorphism of the fatty triglyceride lipase gene (PNPLA2) rs1138693 (T>C) and the risk of ischemic stroke in type 2 diabetic patients in China. METHODS: A total of 368 Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) (139 T2DM ischemic stroke patients and 229 T2DM non-ischemic stroke patients were included as the control group) were included in this case-control study. PNPLA2 rs1138693 (T>C) was genotyped by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and statistically analyzed by SPSS 20.0. RESULTS: Significant differences were observed in age, sex, blood pressure and homocysteine levels between the control group and the ischemic stroke group (P<0.05). The CC genotype frequency and C allele frequency of PNPLA2 rs1138693 in the ischemic stroke group were significantly lower than those in the control group (genotype frequency: P=0.033; allele frequency: P=0.011). Logistic regression analysis revealed that allele C of PNPLA2 rs1138693 was a protective factor for progression to ischemic stroke in T2DM patients under the additive, dominant and recessive genetic models (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: The PNPLA2 gene rs1138693 is related to the susceptibility of Chinese T2DM patients to ischemic stroke, and the T2DM patients with allele C of rs1138693 are less likely to develop ischemic stroke.
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Objective@#To explore correlation between chest CT score and oxygenation index in patients with acute hydrogen sulphide poisoning, whether CT score can be applied to assess acute lung injury after acute hydrogen sulfide poisoning and provide basis and reference.@*Methods@#The clinic and a series of CT datas of 32 acute hydrogen sulphide poisoning cases were retrospectively analysed and compared, According to GBZ31-2002 (the diagnostic standard of occupational H2S acute poisoning) , these patients were divided into 2 grouds including moderate groud and severe groud; The CT score were improved, referenceing the scoring criteria of the chest X-ray; The difference of the CT score and the oxygenation index were analyzed between moderate and severe group in the acute phase and the disperse phase; The correlation between CT score and oxygenation index were analyzed.@*Results@#The CT score in moderate poisoning group were lower than severe group (2.26±1.37 vs 10.44±2.55, 1.34±0.65 vs 4.55±2.45, all P<0.05) in the acute phase and the dissipation phase.The oxygen index of the 19 cases in the acute phase were 307.55±28.29, and the oxygen index of the 8 cases in the dissipation phase was 435.75±37.00; The oxygen index of the 9 cases in the acute phase and the dissipation phase were respectively 193.17±36.41, 347.67±44.49. The oxygen partial pressure and oxygenation index in severe group were significantly lower than those in moderate group (all P<0.01) in the acute phase and the dissipation phase. Pearman correlation analysis showed that the CT score were negatively correlated to the oxygen index in the acute phase and the dissipation phase, respectively (r=-0.97、-0.75, all P<0.01) .@*Conclusions@#The CT score of lung injury and oxygenation index is negatively correlated. The CT score can be used to evaluate the degree of lung injury, and can be used in the evaluation of acute lung injury after acute hydrogen sulfide poisoning.
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Embryo damage refers to the pregnancy early embryonic development stops for some reason, and dead fetus in the womb is not yet out. It is clinical common refractory disease in the department of gynecology, and the current prevalence showed significantly increased trend. It had become a high-profil important reproductive health problem, and the research of early diagnosis and treatment scheme for embryo damage was great significance. In this paper, through the summary of the early diagnosis and treatment scheme for embryo damage, we hope that it can provide powerful help for the early detection and treatment of embryo damage and lies a foundation to promote reproductive health.
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Objective To investigate the effects of Tangshen Formula on liver oxidative stress in diabetic rats, and their mechanisms thereof.Methods Rat model of type 2 diabetes mellitus and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease was estab?lished by intraperitoneally injecting small dose of chain urea with cephalosporins (STZ) and feeding high fat fodder . The model rats were randomly divided into control group, model group, Tangshen Formula group and metformin group.The se?rum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), triglyceride (TG), cholesterol (CHO), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol(LDL-C), and superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase(CAT), vitamin E(VE), nitric oxide (NO) and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in liver were compared between four groups. Changes of pathological morphology were ob?served under light microscopy. Results There were significantly decrease in serum levels of ALT, AST, TG, CHO, LDL-C in Tangshen Formula group and metformin group compared with those of model group. There were significantly higher levels of SOD, CAT and VE, and lower levels of NO and NOS of liver homogenate in Tangshen Formula group than those of model group. There were higher levels of SOD and CAT, and lower levels of NO and NOS in liver homogenate in metformin group than those of model group. HE staining showed that liver fatty degeneration was significantly reduced in metformin group and Tangshen Formula group compared with that of model group. Conclusion The fatty liver in type 2 diabetic rats is signifi?cantly improved by Tangshen Formula treatment, which is probably associated with the regulation of the response level to oxi?dative stress in liver.
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Objective To evaluate the application of three dimensional time-of-flight (3D-TOF) MRA in screening intracranial aneurysms in the population of Wenling community. Methods A total of 2 124 patients with suspicious intracranial aneurysm in Wenling community, who received 3D-TOF MRA and three dimensional digital subtraction angiography(3D-DSA) during the period from September 2011 to August 2012, were enrolled in this study. The epidemic data of intracranial aneurysm in Wenling community were analyzed, the effectiveness of 3D-TOF MRA in detecting intracranial aneurysm was assessed, and the consistency between 3D-TOF MRA and 3D-DSA (regarded as the golden standard) in detecting intracranial aneurysm was statistically analyzed. Results The results of 3D-TOF MRA showed that the morbidity of intracranial aneurysm in the population of Wenling community was 6.87% (146/2 124), among which the morbidities in males and females were 48.63% (n=71) and 51.37% (n=75) respectively; the mean age of patients was (41.2±11.6) years old. The accompanying diseases included hypertension, diabetes mellitus, arteriosclerosis and cerebrovascular lesions. 3D-TOF MRA examination revealed 149 intracranial aneurysms, among which misdiagnosis was made in 5 patients and missed diagnosis in 2 patients. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of 3D-TOF MRA in diagnosing intracranial aneurysm were 98.63% (144/146), 99.72%(1 773/1 778) and 99.67%(2 117/2 124) respectively. No statistically significant difference in measuring the longitudinal diameter and neck width of intracranial aneurysms existed between 3D-TOF MRA and 3D-DSA examinations (P>0.05). Conclusion In detecting intracranial aneurysm, 3D-TOF MRA carries higher sensitivity, specificity and accuracy, and its non-invasive advantage is more suitable for the screening of intracranial aneurysms.
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Objective To assess the value of MRI imaging in diagnosis of the medial collateral ligament(MCL) injury of the knee joint.Methods MR findings of 20 cases of clinically suspected MCL injury of the knee joint were retrospectively reviewed and compared with operative findings of the knee joint.Results In 20 cases of MCL injury,there were 2 cases of gradeⅠinjury,9 gradeⅡand 9 grade Ⅲ.Taking the results of operation as standard,the accuracy of diagnosis of grade Ⅱand Ⅲ injury of the MCL was 88.9% and 100% respectively.Conclusion MRI can accurately display the MCL injury of the knee joint,it is important for the preoperative treatment planning.