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Objective To investigate the mechanism of rapamycin inhibiting the differentiation and proliferation of newborn porcine pancreatic adult stem cells, and to explore the therapeutic methods that may effectively reduce the side effects of rapamycin. Method Porcine NPCCs were treated with rapamycin alone or in combination with IGF-Ⅱ, and the caspase-3 and [ 3 H ]-thymidine uptake assays were performed to detect apoptosis and proliferation. The expression of insulin, PDX-1, NeuroD/Beta2, and Foxo1, a downstream transcription factor of IGF-Ⅱ, were analyzed by RT-PCR and Western blot to evaluate the differentiation ability of pancreatic adult stem cells. Results The NPCCs treated with rapamycin inhibited the proliferation ofβ-cells, increased apoptosis, reduced insulin secretion, inhibited the expression of PDX-1 and NeuroD/Beta2, and decreased the expression of IGF-Ⅱ. Foxo1 expression and induction of Foxo1 from the cytoplasm to the nucleus of the ectopic. The combined treatment of rapamycin and IGF-Ⅱcan reduce the side effects of rapamycin, inhibit the decrease ofβ-cell number and insulin content, repair the expression of insulin, PDX-1, NeuroD/Beta2, inhibit Foxo1 expression and intracellular ectopic. Conclusion Aberrant expression of IGF-Ⅱ and Foxol genes is the key inducing factor of rapamycin inhibiting the proliferation and differentiation of NPCCs, and IGF-Ⅱtreatment can effectively reduce the side effects of rapamycin on NPCCs differentiation.
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Ninety-one patients over 60 year old with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) were selected from our outpatient department. The patients of experimental group uploaded their blood glucose data detected with glucometers, and obtained integrated management called " Mobile Health(M-health)" management such as medicines,diet,exercise from medical groups. The patients of control group got medical care in a traditional way without receiving other interventions. Regular follow-up was conducted in 2 groups every 3 months. The results showed that 3 months later,postprandial 2h plasma glucose in the experimental group was significantly improved compared with that of control group (P<0.05). Six months later, postprandial 2h plasma glucose and HbA1Clevels in the experimental group showed a decline comparing to the baseline, showing a statistical significance compared with control group(P<0.05). These results suggest that smartphone-based telemedicine is helpful of blood glucose control in elderly T2DM patients.
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AIM: To observe the effects of folic acid (FA) on antioxidant enzyme, nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and nitric oxide (NO) in ovariectomized (OVX) rats.METHODS: Forty three-month-old female SD rats were randomly divided into 5 groups:sham group, OVX group, diethylstilbestrol group (0.03 mg· kg-1· d-1), low-dose FA group (5 mg· kg-1· d-1) and high-dose FA group (20 mg· kg-1· d-1).Gastric gavage started 1 week after operation and lasted for 10 weeks.The rats in sham group and OVX group were given distilled water instead of FA as controls.At the end of the 10th week, the L5 vertebra and right femur were removed for determination of bone mineral density (BMD).The bone homogenates were made using the L3 and L4 vertebrae.The levels of the total antioxidant capacity ( TAC) , glutathione peroxidase ( GSH-Px) , malondialdehyde ( MDA ) , NOS and NO were detected in plasma and bone homogenates.RE-SULTS:Compared with sham group, the BMD levels in L5 vertebra and right femur and the levels of GSH-Px and NO in the plasma were all decreased.The levels of TAC, GSH-Px, NOS and NO in the bone homogenates were also decreased, while the MDA concentration was increased in OVX group (all P<0.01).Compared with OVX group, the levels of TAC, GSH-Px, NOS, NO and BMD of the L5 vertebra and right femur were all increased, while the MDA concentration was de-creased in high-dose FA group (all P<0.01).CONCLUSION:In female SD rats, ovariectomy leads to a significant re-duction of antioxidant enzyme, NOS and NO levels.Oxidative stress is possibly involved in the development of osteoporo-sis.Protection against osteoporosis by high-dose FA may be linked to improvement of antioxidant enzyme activity, the levels of NOS and NO as well as a reduction of oxidative stress in ovariectomized rats.
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Objective To investigate the protective effect of folic acid(FA) on osteoporosis in ovariectomized(OVX) rats.Methods Forty three-month-old female SD Rats were divided into 5 groups, sham operation group, OVX group, diethylstilbestrol group(0.03mg·kg-1·d-1),low dose FA Group (5 mg·kg-1·d-1),and high dose FA group (20 mg·kg-1·d-1).Gastric gavage in each group was started from one week after being ovariectomized and lasted 10 weeks. Sham operation group and OVX group were treated with solvent. The rats were sacrificed at the end of 10th week after treatment. The total homocysteine(tHcy) in plasma, alkaline phosphatase(ALP), and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase(TRACP) activity of bone homogenates were measured. The bone mineral density(BMD) and bone biomechanics were determined using L5 vertebrae and right femur. The bone tissue slices were made with L6 vertebrae and left femur and HE stained, and then the histomorphology was observed. Results Compared with sham operation group, plasma tHcy level was significantly increased(P＜0.01), BMD of lumbar vertebrae and femur was remarkedly decreased in OVX group(all P＜0.01). Plasma tHcy concentration was negatively correlated with lumbar BMD(r=-0.359, P=0.040). Plasma tHcy level in both groups treated with folic acid was significantly reduced(all P＜0.01). The ALP concentration in bone homogenates was higher, the TRACP concentration in bone homogenates was lower, and BMD and bone biomechanics of lumbar vertebrae and femur were increased in high dose FA group than those in OVX group(all P ＜0.01). Conclusions In OVX rats hyperhomocysteinemia existed and was involved in the development of osteoporosis. Folic acid could protect OVX rats from osteoporosis, due probably to improved homocysteine metabolism.
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BACKGROUND: CpG oligonucleotide has been shown to strengthen the function of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), but its effects on type 1 diabetes mellitus has been rarely reported. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of CpG oligonucleotide on the expression of interferon γ (IFN-γ), interleukin (IL) -12 and IL-10 in PBMCs in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus versus healthy controls. METHODS: PBMCs were isolated from patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus and healthy controls and then cultured in RPMI-1640 with non-stimulator (control group) and CpG oligonucleotide (CpG oligonucleotide group), respectively. The mRNA expression of IFN-γ, IL-10, and IL-12 in PBMCs was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: mRNA expression of IFN-γ and IL-10 was significantly lower in patients with type 1 diametes mellitus than in healthy controls (P < 0.01). In the CpG oligonucleotide group, the mRNA expression of IFN-γand IL-12 was significantly higher than in the healthy control group (P < 0.01), but the mRNA expression of IL-10 was similar to that in the healthy control group (P > 0.05). These findings demonstrated that CpG oligonucleotide can promote the production of IFN-γ and IL-12 in PBMCs of type 1 diametes mellitus.
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Objective To appraise determination of serum type Ⅳ collagen protein with latex-enhanced immunoturbidimetry.Methods The evaluation test was performed including precision, linearity determination, prozone reaction, correlation, recovery test and interference test.Results The intra-batch CV% was within 2.47%-3.48%, inter-batch CV% was within 3.46%-4.07%, and recovery rate was within 96.2%-99.3%. There was a good linearity, and the tolerance limit was 800 ng/mL.Regression equation:Y=1.011 8X-1.788 3;detection correlation of different concentrations of standard preparations:r2=0.999 9,Y=1.003 1X-1.236 2.The assay had a very good anti-interference performance to bilirubin, cruorin, and triglyceride without exception.Conclusion Determination of serum type Ⅳ collagen protein attains the demand of the clinic with latex-enhanced immunoturbidimetry in fully automatic biochemical analyzer.