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Objective:To investigate the correlation between cognitive impairment and blood glucose, serum neuron specific enolase (NSE) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels after ischemic small-artery stroke.Methods:A total of 160 patients with ischemic small-artery stroke who received treatment in Jincheng People's Hospital from January 2018 to December 2019 were included in this study. They were divided into an observation group (with cognitive impairment, n = 68) and a control group (without cognitive impairment, n = 92) according to whether they had cognitive impairment. General data, blood glucose, NSE and BDNF levels were compared between the two groups. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the correlation between cognitive impairment and each factor after ischemic small-artery stroke. Results:There were no significant differences in gender, age, course of disease, body mass index, history of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, history of type 2 diabetes mellitus, history of smoking, and history of drinking between the two groups (all P > 0.05). The National Institute Health of Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group [(18.86 ± 4.08) points vs. (14.27 ± 2.66) points, t = 6.664, P < 0.05], and the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group [(21.45 ± 3.03) points vs. (24.28 ± 3.32) points, t = 4.452, P < 0.05]. There were no significant differences in glycosylated hemoglobin, fasting blood glucose, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol levels between the two groups (all P > 0.05). There were significant differences in oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL), NSE and BDNF levels between the two groups. The ox-LDL [(44.8 ± 7.6) mmol/L] and NSE [(26.5 ± 9.5) ng/mL] levels in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group [(35.9 ± 4.7) mmol/L, (11.6 ± 6.9) ng/mL, t = 7.04, 8.973, both P < 0.05]. BDNF level in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group [(5.1 ± 1.8) ng/mL vs. (6.3 ± 2.4) ng/mL, t = 2.828, P < 0.05]. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that ox-LDL and NSE levels and NIHSS score were independent risk factors of cognitive impairment after ischemic small-artery stroke (all P < 0.05), and BDNF level and MMSE score were independent protective factors (all P < 0.05). Conclusion:Cognitive impairment was correlated with NIHSS score, MMSE score, ox-LDL, NSE and BDNF levels in patients with ischemic small-artery stroke. ox-LDL and NSE levels as well as NIHSS score were independent risk factors and BDNF level and MMSE score were independent protective factors of ischemic small-artery stroke.
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Objective:To compare the sedative and anti-anxiety effects of levo-tetrahydropalmatine (L-THP) and diazepam on conditioned fear model rats.Methods:According to the random number table method, 32 adult male rats were divided into blank group, model group, diazepam group and L-THP group(with 8 rats in each group). The conditioned fear model was reproduced by the plantar electric shock method. Four days after the modeling, the rats in diazepam group and L-THP group were given diazepam (3.6 mg/kg) and L-THP (25 mg/kg) were respectively gavaged once a day for 10 days, the rats in blank group and model group were given the same volume of saline. After the administration, the elevated plus maze test and the open field test were used to measure the anxiety behavior of the rats, and the sleep energy monitoring system was used to detect changes in sleep and energy-related indicators. SPSS 23.0 and Graphpad Prism 7.0 softwares were used for data analysis, multiple samples between groups were compared by one-way ANOVA, and LSD test was used for pairwise comparison.Results:The results of the elevated plus maze experiment showed that compared with the model group, the percentage of open-arm entry times ((11.27±8.78)%, (30.11±14.59)%, P<0.05) and the percentage of open-arm residence time ((1.94±1.48)%, (17.53±8.21)%, P<0.05) in diazepam group were all significantly increased. Compared with the model group, the open arm residence time, the percentage of open arm residence time and the percentage of open arm entry times in L-THP group showed an upward trend, but there was no statistical significance (all P>0.05). The results of the open field experiment showed that compared with the model group, the time of entering the central grid ((2.99±1.83) s, (6.94±3.52) s, P<0.05) and the time of entering the peripheral field ((297.01±1.83) s, (293.30±3.52) s, P<0.05) in diazepam group both increased. Compared with the model group, there was no significant difference in the changes of various indexes in L-THP group (all P>0.05). The results of locomotor activities showed that the autonomic activity times of model group in nighttime was significantly lower than that of blank group((758.79±375.37)times/h, (1 101.93±525.96)times/h, P<0.05). Compared with the model group, the number of autonomous activities of rats in L-THP group in daytime ((820.57±364.60) times/min, (502.40±228.54)times/min, P<0.05) decreased, and the number of autonomous activities in the nighttime ((758.79±375.37) times/min, (1 146.85±309.69)times/min, P<0.05) increased, but there was no significant change in the number of autonomous activities in the whole day. Correlation analysis of energy metabolism related indexes and sleep time of rats in each group were analyzed. The experimental results showed that the daytime sleep time were negatively correlated with heat value ( r=-0.335, P<0.05), and the night sleep time was positively correlated with daytime heat value ( r=0.352, P<0.05). Conclusion:L-tetrahydropalmatine has no significant anti-anxiety effect in the concentration range used in this study, but its sedative and improving sleep activity rhythm are better than diazepam.
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Sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (SOS) is a sinusoidal or small venous fibrous occlusive disease. This article reviews the research advances in the etiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, auxiliary examinations, and treatment of SOS, and points out that the pathogenesis of SOS remains unknown and there are no specific therapeutic methods. How to identify SOS and provide intervention and treatment as early as possible becomes the hot research topic.
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OBJECTIVE: To study the optimum supercritical- fluid extraction technique for Xiangjiang Granula essential oil. METHODS: The orthogonal test was adopted to optimize the extraction process using the content of Ligustilide and the yield rate of essential oil as indicators, and 95% ethanol as co- solvents. The content of Ligustilide was determined by HPLC, using Phenomenex Luna C18( 250nm? 4. 6nm, 5? m) as column and methanol- 0. 5% glacial acetic acid( 30∶ 70) as mobile phase, with the detection wavelength set at 280 nm. RESULTS: The optimal extraction conditions were: temperature at 50℃ , pressure at 45MPa, extraction time for 3h, and 95% ethanol as co- solvents. The Ligustilide had a good linearty relationship between 5. 1～ 25. 5? g? mL- 1( r=0. 999 8) . CONCLUSIONS: This technique is easy, convenient and workable, and can provide theoretical support for production.