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【Objective】 To establish RH gene mRNA sequencing method based on nanopores sequencing and to explore the RHD and RHCE mRNA transcripts in D positive and Del individuals. 【Methods】 From March 2021 to May 2022, 5 RhD positive samples and 5 Del samples screened out by hospitals in Chengdu were sent to our laboratory for futher examination. The erythrocytes and buff coat were isolated, then DNA and RNA were extracted.All 10 samples were genotyped by PCR-SSP. After the mRNA was reversely transcribed into cDNA, the full-length mRNA of RHD and RHCE genes were simultaneously amplified by a pair of primers. Sanger sequencing and third-generation sequencing technology based on Nanopore were used to sequence the amplified products, and the types and expressions of different splices of RHD and RHCE gene mRNA transcripts were analyzed. 【Results】 The method established in this study can simultaneously amplify the full length transcripts of RHD and RHCE. Ten different RHD gene mRNA transcripts and nine RHCE gene mRNA transcripts were detected in 10 samples. RHD full-length transcript (RHD-201) can be detected in RhD Del type, but the expression amount was significantly lower than that in RhD positive samples. The expression amount of transcript RHD-207 (Del789) in Del samples was significantly higher than that in RhD positive samples. The transcript RHD-208 (Del8910+ 213) was only detected in RhD Del type individuals, and no significant difference was found between other RHD transcripts and all RHCE transcripts in the two phenotypes. 【Conclusion】 In this study, an analytical method for sequencing full-length transcript isomers of RHD and RHCE mRNA via the third generation was successfully established, and complex alternative splicing patterns were found in RHD and RHCE genes, providing a new method for the study of alternative splicing of blood group gene variants mRNA.
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【Objective】 To investigate the preventive effects of early apoptotic splenic mononuclear cells induced by extracorporeal photopheresis (ECP) on acute graft versus host disease (aGVHD) in mice and explore the underlying mechanisms. 【Methods】 1) Splenic mononuclear cells were extracted from C57BL/6 mice and treated with different concentrations of 8-MOP (50 ng/mL, 100 ng/mL, 200 ng/mL, 300 ng/mL, 600 ng/mL). After treatment, irradiate the cells with 2 J/cm2 of ultraviolet light. Then, use the Annexin V-FITC/PI apoptosis detection kit to assess the early apoptosis rate of the cells and determine the optimal concentration of 8-MOP for the experiment.2) There were 35 SPF-grade female BALB/C mice (H-2Kd) aged 6-8 weeks. After whole-body irradiation with 8Gy X-rays, the mice were divided into five groups: sham irradiation group received intravenous infusion of 0.2 mL of normal saline, the syngeneic bone marrow transplantation group received intravenous infusion of 0.2 mL of BALB/C mouse bone marrow nucleated cell suspension (including a cell count of 1×107), the allogeneic bone marrow transplantation group received intravenous infusion of 0.2 mL of C57BL/6 mouse bone marrow nucleated cell suspension (including a cell count of 1×107), the aGVHD group received intravenous injection of a mixture of C57BL/6 mouse bone marrow nucleated cells (including a cell count of 1×107) and splenic mononuclear cells (including a cell count of 1×107) in 0.2 mL, the ECP prevention group received pre-transplant intravenous infusion of 0.2 mL of ECP-treated splenic mononuclear cells of C57BL/6 mice (including a cell count of 1×107 ) 48 hours before transplantation, and on the day of transplantation, intravenous injection of a mixture of C57BL/6 mouse bone marrow nucleated cells (including a cell count of 1×107) and splenic mononuclear cells (including a cell count of 1×107 ) in 0.2 mL.The preventive effects of ECP on aGVHD were observed, and the concentrations of IFN-γ, IL-2, TNF, IL-4 and IL-6 in mouse serum were measured using CBA. Th1 cell counts were determined by flow cytometry. 【Results】 Different concentrations of 8-MOP (50 ng/mL,100 ng/mL, 200 ng/mL, 300 ng/mL, 600 ng/mL) were used to treat mouse splenic mononuclear cells. The early apoptosis rates (%), observed after treatment were as follows: (14.18±0.865) vs (16.76±0.407) vs (18.83±0.404) vs (19.27±0.404) vs (14.5±0.529). The appropriate concentration of 8-MOP was determined to be 200 ng/mL.In vivo experiment, the results showed that the aGVHD group had decreased survival rate, reduced body weight, and increased clinical scores compared to the syngeneic and allogeneic bone marrow transplantation groups (P<0.01), and the chimerism of bone marrow cells in mice after transplantation was over 90%. ECP significantly improved the survival rate of mice after transplantation, reduced clinical scores (P<0.05), and decreased the concentrations of Th1 cell cytokines in serum (P<0.05) and the counts of Th1 cells in the spleen (P<0.05). 【Conclusion】 ECP-induced early apoptotic single nuclear cells from the spleen can prevent the occurrence of aGVHD by reducing the Th1 response in mouse.
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[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.07.006.].
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【Objective】 To analyze the genetic background of RhD-negative blood donors by detecting RHD and RHCE genes of those donors. 【Methods】 From March 2021 to May 2022, the blood samples of RhD-negative blood donors, who had been screened out by RhD primary screening and confirmatory experiments in the Yaan Blood Center, were firstly identified whether the RHD allele was completely deleted, then whether there were deletions in 10 exons of non-RHD allele complete deletion samples, finally, the remaining samples without RHD alleles and exon deletions were further analyzed by DNA sequencing. RHCE gene was detected by SSP-PCR method. 【Results】 Among the RHD gene test results of 104 RhD-negative samples, 65 cases were completely deleted (d/d), 33 were RHD partially deleted (one allele deletion), and 6 were without RHD gene deletion. The RHD alleles of 33 samples with partial deletion were detected by 10 exons, 13 had partial exon deletion, with genotype as RHD*D-CE(3-9)-D/d and phenotype as RhD negativity, and the remaining 20 samples had no exon deletion. The exon sequencing results of the non-deletion samples showed RHD*1227A/RHD*1227A in 6 samples, RHD*1227A/d in 19, RHD*3A/d in 1; both of the last two were considered Del by ISBT. The RHCE gene test results showed that all cc genotype blood donors were RhD true negative, while Del blood donors had no cc genotype. 【Conclusion】 Through the genetic background study of RhD negative blood donors, it is found that there is a high proportion of Del with weak expression of RhD antigen, whether this blood type affects clinical blood safety needs further researches.
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Objective:To understand the degree of professional autonomy of nurses in Pediatric Nursing Alliance and the status of pediatric nursing practice environment, which providing guidance for the development of a series of specialized training in the alliance.Methods:Stratified random sampling method was used to conduct a questionnaire survey on nursing staff of different professional levels in Pediatric Nursing Alliance, which through the questionnaire star by using the questionnaire general information and training demand questionnaire, nurses practice professional autonomy scale, pediatric nursing staff structural empowerment questionnaire and nursing practice influencing factors questionnaire through the questionnaire star.Results:The total score for professional autonomy of nurses in the pediatric alliance was 192.66±18.63, the structural empowerment ( OR=1.137, 95% CI=1.084-1.194), lack of caring team ( OR=2.763, 95% CI=1.443-5.292) and performance evaluation ( OR=0.498, 95% CI= 0.274-0.908), specialized education and professional experience ( OR=0.548, 95% CI= 0.334-0.871) were affecting the clinical nursing practice. Conclusion:The degree of professional autonomy of nurses in the Pediatric Nursing Alliance is in the middle and high level. Key factors affecting nursing practice including insufficient structural empowerment, lack of opportunities to continue learning, lack of nursing teams, lack of effectiveness evaluation and the lack of specialized education and work experience, which guiding the pediatric nursing alliance to continuously deepen the connotation of pediatric nursing professional and innovative team collaboration new model, utilize the advantages of resources to actively cultivate specialized nursing research personnel, carry out multi-disciplinary and cross-disciplinary cooperation, improve the nursing quality evaluation index system, so as to enhance the professional nursing service capacity and value.
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@#Given the opposing effects of Akt and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) on metabolic homeostasis, this study examined the effects of deletion of Akt2 and AMPKα2 on fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis. Akt2–Ampkα2 double knockout (DKO) mice were placed on high fat diet for 5 months. Glucose metabolism, energy homeostasis, cardiac function, lipid accumulation, and hepatic steatosis were examined. DKO mice were lean without anthropometric defects. High fat intake led to adiposity and decreased respiratory exchange ratio (RER) in wild-type (WT) mice, which were ablated in DKO but not Akt2−/− and Ampkα2−/− mice. High fat intake increased blood and hepatic triglycerides and cholesterol, promoted hepatic steatosis and injury in WT mice. These effects were eliminated in DKO but not Akt2−/− and Ampkα2−/− mice. Fat diet promoted fat accumulation, and enlarged adipocyte size, the effect was negated in DKO mice. Fat intake elevated fatty acid synthase (FAS), carbohydrate-responsive element-binding protein (CHREBP), sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP1), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPARα), PPARγ, stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD-1), phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK), glucose 6-phosphatase (G6Pase), and diglyceride O-acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1), the effect was absent in DKO but not Akt2−/− and Ampkα2−/− mice. Fat diet dampened mitophagy, promoted inflammation and phosphorylation of forkhead box protein O1 (FoxO1) and AMPKα1 (Ser485), the effects were eradicated by DKO. Deletion of Parkin effectively nullified DKO-induced metabolic benefits against high fat intake. Liver samples from obese humans displayed lowered microtubule-associated proteins 1A/1B light chain 3B (LC3B), Pink1, Parkin, as well as enhanced phosphorylation of Akt, AMPK (Ser485), and FoxO1, which were consolidated by RNA sequencing (RNAseq) and mass spectrometry analyses from rodent and human livers. These data suggest that concurrent deletion of Akt2 and AMPKα2 offers resilience to fat diet-induced obesity and hepatic steatosis, possibly through preservation of Parkin-mediated mitophagy and lipid metabolism.
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Objective@#To determine the relationship between volume of epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) and atrial fibrillation (AF) .@*Methods@#A total of 207 patients who hospitalized in the Department of Cardiology, Nantong University Affiliated Hospital from January 2016 to June 2018 were included in this study. They were divided into two groups, including AF group (n=125) and sinus rhythm group (n=82). The AF group included 80 paroxysmal AF (PAF) and 45 persistent AF (PeAF) patients. Total EAT and left atrial EAT (LA-EAT) volume were measured using 256 rows of multi-slice spiral CT in all patients. Echocardiographic derived left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and left atrial diameter (LAD) were analyzed. Hospholipase A2 and blood lipids were examined in all patients. The baseline data and EAT volume of all groups were compared. The multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors related to the occurrence of AF. The correlation between total EAT volume and LA-EAT volume and LAD were analyzed by Pearson correlation.@*Result@#The volume of total EAT in patients with sinus rhythm, AF, PAF and PeAF were (92.2±32.1), (136.0±46.0), (134.2±46.3) and (140.1±52.6)cm3, respectively. The volume of LA-EAT in patients with sinus rhythm, AF, PeAF and PAF were (27.1±7.5), (39.2±19.2), (35.9± 17.0) and (45.1±21.5)cm3, respectively. Total EAT and LA-EAT volume were significantly larger in PAF and PeAF groups than in sinus rhythm group (all P<0.01). The LA-EAT volume was larger in PeAF group than in PAF group (P<0.01), but total EAT volume was similar between two groups (P>0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that total EAT volume (OR=1.202, 95%CI 1.083-1.334, P=0.001), LA-EAT volume (OR=1.051, 95%CI 1.003-1.101, P=0.037) and LAD (OR=1.019, 95%CI 1.005-1.032, P=0.006) were the independent related factors of AF. Pearson correlation analysis showed that the total EAT volume was positively correlated with LAD (r=0.466, P<0.01) and LA-EAT volume was positively correlated with LAD (r=0.290, P<0.01).@*Conclusion@#The volume of total EAT and LA-EAT measured by 256-row multi-slice spiral CT is significantly correlated with the incidence of AF.
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Objective To investigate the effect of vitamin D combined with iron succinate on children with premature anemia .Methods 66 patients with premature anemia from November 2013 to June 2015 in our hospital were selected and randomly divided into the control group and the experiment group, with 33 cases in each group.The patients in the both groups were give regular treatment, the experimental group was given the protein succinate oral solution (phenipril) 1.5 mL/kg on the basis of conventional treatment, Vitamin D drops ,one times a day.Two groups were treated continuously for 60 days.The hemoglobin, serum iron, ferritin, liver and kidney function and adverse reactions were compared before and after treatment.Results The hemoglobin, serum iron and ferritin levels in two groups were higher after treatment(P<0.05),compared with the control group,the hemoglobin, serum iron and ferritin levels in the experimental group were higher(P<0.05).Compared with before treatment ,the levels of serum ALT, AST, Cr and BUN in the two groups were not statistically significant.There was no significant difference in adverse reactions between two groups.Conclusion Vitamin D and iron proteinsuccinylate combined treatment of anemia in premature infants clinical curative effect, improve the body hemoglobin, serum iron and ferritin levels, without causing damage to liver and kidney function, drug safety.
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OBJECTIVE:To provide basis and thinking for the development of medicines for treating depression. METHODS:Rats with adaptive feeding for 7 d were randomly divided into normal group,depression group and treatment group(citalopram hy-drobromide 1 mg/kg),8 in each group. Rats in depression group and treatment groups randomly received once low-density stimula-tion in a day [catching tail stimulation(1 min),frequent flashing stimulation(120 times/min,12 h),noise stimulation(4 h),ice water swimming stimulation(1 h),hot water stimulation(45 ℃,1 h),electric shocking foot(10 Hz,1 mA,each time interval of 100 ms,100 times),no food and no water(24 h)] for 21 d to reduce stress depression model. Body mass of rats in 0,7 d of adaptive feeding and 7,14,21 d of stress were respectively weighed,and horizontal activity and vertical activity frequencies in open field test were detected. After stress,rats were intragastrically administrated related medicines for 30 d,then 5-hydroxytrypta-mine (5-HT) and tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH) expressions in brain,liver,kidney tissues were determined. RESULTS:Com-pared with normal group,the increasing trend of body mass in depression group and treatment group slowed down from the 14 d of stress(P<0.05). The horizontal activity frequencies in depression group and treatment group in 14,21 d of stress slowed more ob-viously than the previous time point (P<0.05 or P<0.01);vertical activity frequencies in 21 d of stress slowed more obviously than the previous time point (P<0.05 or P<0.01). After 30 d of administration,horizontal activity and vertical activity frequen-cies in treatment group were increased more obviously than the previous time point (P<0.01). Compared with depression group,brain tissue of rats,indicating that TPH can be used as a target for depression treatment.
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Metabolic bone disease in nephrotic syndrome(NS) are increasingly being renal physician's attention.As calcium binding protein and VitD binding protein losing with a large number of protenuria, the bone metabolic biochemical abnormalities had happened at the beginning of the onset of the nephrotic syndrome, and is further exacerbated by therapeutic high-dose or long course of glucocorticoids (GC) application.The main mechanism of the glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIOP) is for GC to inhibit the activity of osteoblasts and promote apoptosis of osteoblasts and formation of osteoclasts, resulting in secondary hyperparathyroidism,leading to increasing the risk of osteoporosis,slow growth and fracture,seriously harm to children's physical and mental health.The biomarkers of bone transform can prompt the NS with bone metabolic abnormalities early;vertebral body bone dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry bone mineral density detection is the best method and position to determine GIOP.As the most commonly used and effective means to prevent and control metabolic bone disease, calcium supplements and VitD were always taken when GC was treated for NS, even the dosage of GC was very low.So far, it is still lack of guideline of prevention and treatment of bone metabolic abnormalities in NS in children.
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AIM:To investigate the effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist exendin-4 on white adipose tissue (WAT) and the underlying mechanisms.METHODS:Male C57BL/6J mice (8 weeks) were chal-lenged by high-fat diet for 12 weeks, and were randomly divided into saline group and exendin-4 group.The mRNA expres-sion of sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), TNF-αand adiponectin of WAT was detected by real-time PCR.3T3-L1 adipocytes or mouse embryonic fibroblasts cells were treated with exendin-4 for 24 h.The protein levels of SIRT1, ATGL and hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) were determined by Western blot.RESULTS:Exendin-4 significantly decreased epididymal fat weight, fasting blood glucose and serum triglyceride levels ( P<0.05) , and reduced body weight and serum TNF-αlevel.The mRNA expression of SIRT1, ATGL and adiponectin in WAT was all significantly up-regulated by exendin-4, which were contrary to the down-regulation of TNF-αmRNA expression (P<0.05).Exendin-4 promoted the protein expression of SIRT1, ATGL, and HSL in 3T3-L1 adipocytes in a dose-dependent manner.Less lipid droplets with up-regulation of lipolytic protein expression were observed when combined with SIRT1 agonist treatment, which were suppressed by SIRT1 inhibitor.Deletion of SIRT1 led to larger adipocytes with more lipid droplets, and the effect of ex-endin-4 on the lipolysis disappeared when SIRT1 was deficient.CONCLUSION:Exendin-4 promotes lipolysis in WAT of obese mice via activation of SIRT1.
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A collective intelligent perception-supported and RDAWA-based reader-driven acquisition model of li-brary holdings was proposed with the development of academic library holdings as its background .The design ideas of RDAWA were described , the master framework of RDAWA was analyzed , the considerations in design of RDAWA that simplified the input procedure and met the reading requirements of readers were elaborated with the biblio-graphic information database , data analysis module and acquisition order generation algorithm summarized .
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the levels and functions of CD4(+)CD25(+) regulatory T cells and specific transcription factor Foxp3 and Th17 cells related cytokine in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and renal tissues, and explore their roles in pathogenesis of Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephropathy (HSPN) in children.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>From March, 2011 to March, 2013, 30 cases of HSPN children underwent renal biopsy and were treated in Guiyang Children's Hospital were enrolled into this study. Ten healthy children who underwent health check up were enrolled as blood sample control group. The normal kidney tissue specimens were taken from 5 children who underwent surgery for urologic disorders were used as renal sample control group. The circulating proportions of CD4(+)CD25(+) regulatory T cells in PBMC of 30 cases of HSPN children and 10 cases of control group were determined by flow cytometry, respectively.Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were used to analyze the mRNA expressions of IL-17, IL-1β and Foxp3 in PBMC. The expression of IL-17 and IL-1β in renal tissue of HSPN and control group were measured by immunohistochemistry. CD4(+)CD25(+) regulatory T cells, Foxp3, IL-17, IL-1β expression were analyzed and compared in HSPN group and control groups respectively.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Thirty cases of HSPN pathological classification were as follows: type I was found in 0 case; type II in 9 cases; type III in 16 cases; type IV in 5 cases; type V in 0 case. The circulating proportions of CD4(+)CD25(+)/CD4(+)T cells and the CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+)Treg/CD4(+)T cells level were (5.84 ± 0.78)%, (1.01 ± 0.46) % in HSPN groups were substantially lower than those in control group. All these two differences had statistical significance (t = 27.200, 33.260, P < 0.05). The mRNA levels of IL-17, IL-1β in HSPN groups (0.86 ± 0.01,0.71 ± 0.01) were higher than those in control group (t = 25.000, 31.840, all P < 0.05). Foxp3 mRNA expression in HSPN groups (0.24 ± 0.02) were significantly lower than those in control group (t = 21.690, P < 0.05). Protein expression of IL-17 and IL-1β in renal tissues of HSPN children (13.31 ± 0.54, 11.56 ± 0.28) were significantly stronger than those in the control group (t = 27.6, 14.0, all P < 0.01). The highest level of protein expression of IL-17 and IL-1β in renal biopsy of HSPN was in type IV (IV>III>II, F = 545.800, 262.500, all P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The disorder of quantity and function of CD4(+)CD25(+) regulatory T cells, and increase in levels of IL-17, IL-1β (cytokine related to Th17 cells) may play important roles in pathogenesis of HSPN in children; increased protein expression of IL-17, IL-1β in renal tissue may contribute to the development of renal pathological damage in HSPN children.</p>
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Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Case-Control Studies , Flow Cytometry , Forkhead Transcription Factors , Genetics , Metabolism , Interleukin-17 , Genetics , Metabolism , Interleukin-1beta , Genetics , Metabolism , Kidney , Metabolism , Pathology , Nephritis , Allergy and Immunology , Pathology , IgA Vasculitis , Allergy and Immunology , Pathology , RNA, Messenger , Genetics , Metabolism , Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction , Severity of Illness Index , T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory , Allergy and Immunology , Th17 Cells , Allergy and ImmunologyABSTRACT
After a description of the concept and features of SoLoMo, and its effect on the transformation of academic libraries, it was pointed out that academic libraries should provide characteristic service and realize seamless interac-tion between library and learners by making full use of the advantages of social network tools, local and mobile service .
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the molecular mechanism of continuous monoculture problem by constructing the cDNA libraries of continuous monoculture Rehmannia glutinosa.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>To use the suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) technique to construct the forward and reverse subtractive cDNA libraries of continuous monoculture R. glutinosa to adopt blue-white colony screening and PCR to detect the positive clones which would be sequenced and analyzed by bioinformatics.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The subtracted cDNA libraries of continuous monoculture R. glutinosa. were successfully constructed, and the result showed that the forward and reverse subtracted libraries obtained 300 positive clones, respectively. The forward and reverse libraries got different ESTs, and produced 232 (forward library) and 214 (reverse library) unique ESTs by sequencing. Based on homology search of BLASTX and BLASTN in NCBI, 200 and 195 of unique ESTs were homologous to known genes in the forward and reverse libraries, respectively. Categories of orthologous group (COG) showed that the forward and reverse libraries got 60 and 61 ESTs with the corresponding gene annotation, involving 21 metabolic pathways.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The information of differential expression genes in continuous monoculture R. glutinosa, and their functional annotation of differentially expressed genes indicate that continuous monoculture has a profound effect on expression of the genes in R. glutinosa. Furthermore, the research analyzed several key genes in response to replant problem, which provided a foundation for revealing the molecular mechanism of continuous monoculture R. glutinosa.</p>
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Expressed Sequence Tags , Gene Expression Profiling , Gene Expression Regulation, Plant , Gene Library , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Rehmannia , Genetics , Metabolism , Sequence Analysis, DNAABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the imaging characteristic of DWI in rabbit models of hepatic VX2 tumors after three-dimensional stereotactic conformal radiation therapy, and the characteristics of apoptosis after radiotherapy. Methods Sixty hepatic VX2 tumor models were successfully created. After the tumor grew to more than 1 cm in diameter, 40 tumor models were treated with SCRT and then divided into four groups using random number table. The remaining 20 tumor models were used as controls and randomly assigned to each group. MR scanning were performed at different time points ( 1 st day, 5 th day, 10 th day, 15 th day) for each group respectively. ROIs of the VX2 tumor tissues and normal liver tissue were taken and ADC values were measured to calculate their ratios. Cell apoptesis were determined by using TUNEL method. ADC values with their ratios and the apoptotic index were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and SNK test was used for comparison among different time points of groups, while two sample t test was used for comparison between the groups. Results On the 1 st day, 5 th day, 10 th day, and the 15 th day, the ADC ratios of the radiotherapy groups were 0.74 ±0. 15(n =8), 1.04 ±0.09(n =7), 1.43 ±0. 12 (n = 7 ), 1.25 ± 0. 23 (n = 8 ) (F = 24. 221, P ＜ 0. 01 ), the corresponding ADC ratios of control groups were 0. 78 ±0.07(n =5), 0.79 ±0.07(n=4), 0.83 ±0. 14(n =4), 0.97 ±0. 19(n =4). The ratios of ADC values for radiotherapy groups and control group were compared, and the t value was 0. 569 ( P ＞0.05), 4.417(P＜0.05), 7.259(P ＜0.01), 1.957(P＞0.05) respectively for each time point. On the 1 st day, 5 th day, 10 th day, 15 th day, the apoptotic index of the radiotherapy groups were 0. 39 ±0. 13(n=8), 0.29 ±0.08(n=7), 0.28 ±0.07(n=7), 0.58 ±0. 19(n=8,F=8. 128,P＜0.05), while the corresponding apoptotic index of control groups were 0. 26 ±0. 13(n =5), 0. 18 ±0. 03(n =4), 0. 16 ±0. 06(n =4), 0. 18 ±0. 08(n =4,F= 1. 006,P ＞0. 05). The apoptotic index value for radiotherapy groups and control group were compared, with t value of 1. 716 ( P ＞ 0.05 ), 2. 348 ( P ＜ 0. 05 ), 2. 386 ( P ＜0. 05 ), 3. 756( P ＜0.01 ) respectively. Conclusion DWI ADC values can reflect the dynamic changes of cell apoptosis in hepatic VX2 tumors after radiotherapy at different time points.
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Objective To discuss the imaging technology and characteristic of perfusion-weighted imaging in rabbit models of hepatic VX2 tumors. Methods Twenty-eight New Zealand rabbits were implanted in liver with VX2 tumor by tissue block. After routine scans were performed on 1.5 T MR scanner, 28 New Zealand white rabbits with VX2 carcinoma were divided randomly into treatment group and control group. Treatment group was divided randomly into group A, group B and group C, 7 animals per group. Perfusion weighted imaging(PWI) was performed in day 14, 25 and 35, respectively, after tumor implantation in all animals. Select the regions of interest (ROI) of the VX2 tumor center, tumor border and pars-tumor parenchyma. Maximal signal reduction slope ( SRSmax ) of the signal intensity versus time curves were created as quantitative variable, and the parameters were calculated and compared in all groups. Results Maximal signal reduction slope ( SRSmax ) of the signal intensity versus time curves were studied in 4 groups, 23 VX2 rabbits,7,5 and 6 in group A , B and C, respectively. The SRSmax of tumor center were ( 12. 6 ± 3.4), ( 9. 8 ± 2. 6 ) and ( 1.0 ± 0. 4 ), the difference was significant ( F = 10. 855, P < 0. 05 ). The SRSmax of tumor border were(48. 3 ± 2.4), (46. 2 ± 1.5 ) and (43. 6 ± 1.8 ) ( P > 0. 05 ). The SRSmax of para-tumor parenchyma were ( 14.4 ± 3.0 ), ( 12. 2 ± 1. 4 ) and ( 14. 8 ± 5.0 ) ( P > 0. 05 ). The difference was significant in different ROI in treatment groups( F value was 7. 435,8. 625 and 12. 595, respectively, P < 0. 05 ). Conclusion PWI can be used in evaluating the liver tumor angiogenesis and angio-degeneration with the treatment of HIFU. It will be possible for qualitative analysis of rabbit models of hepatic VX2 tumors by different treatments.
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Objective To investigate the reasons for delayed diagnosis of ankylosing spondylitis(AS) in a Chinese population.Methods Three hundred and eight patients fulfilled the 1984 Modified New York criteria of AS were enrolled.They were interviewed in person or by telephone by rheumatologists for 13 ques-tions.Results Of the 308 AS patients.238(75%)completed 13 questions.Among these 238 patients,male to female ratio was 6 to 1.The average age at AS onset was 22.1 years.Those aged under 15 years at disease onset Was 18.1%.and between 15 and 39 years was 79.0%while over 39 years was 2.9%.Of these 238 pa-tients.27(23.9%)had family history of AS.84.9% of the patients were HLA-B27 positive.The average dura-tion of delayed diagnosis in HLA-B27(+)and HLA-B27(-)were 70.1 and 88.1 months respectively,which was not significant statistically.Among those delayed over 10 vears,24 AS patients were HLA-B27(+)and 10 were HLA-B27(-),which was statistically significant(P=0.012).66.4% of 238 patients were misdiagnosed, of which 23.4%were diagnosed as arthritis associated with rheumatic fever,22.9% as fatigue and 20.3%as inter-vertebrate disc.45.0%were misdiagnosed by one physician while 2 1.4%were misdiagnosed for several times,and the average length of delay diagnosis was 72±68 months.Seven cases,although the diagnosisi was being delaved for more than 10 years the initial diagnosis was correct. Conclusion Delayed diagnosis of AS is common in China.The major reasons for delayed diagnosis are HLA-B27 negative and lack of X-ray changes of sacroiliac joint at the initial visit.
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Objective:To observe the effects of remifentanil on hemodynamics and plasma angiotentratin-Ⅱ (AgⅡ) level in children with cleft palate undergoing repair operation.Methods:Fifty patients,ASA Ⅰ-Ⅱ, were randomly divided into two groups,remifentanil group (R group) and fentanyl reoup (F group).Patients in R group received remifentanil combined with propofol anesthesia,those in F group received fentanyl combined with propofol anesthesia.Vecuronium bromide was given as muscle relaxant in both groups.ECG,HR,BP and SpO_2 were monitored in all the patients during operation,and peripheral venous blood samples were taken 1 d before operation(T1 ),at the time of endotracheal intubation(T2),10 min after operation beginning(T3),5 minutes after extubation(T4) for the check of plasma AgⅡ level.Results:At T2 and T3 HR,SBP,DBP and plasma AgⅡ level were significant lower in both group of the patients (P