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Objective:To study factors associated with postoperative acute pancreatitis (POAP) in patients following pancreaticoduodenectomy.Methods:This retrospective analysis included 60 patients who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy at the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from Jan 2020 to Aug 2021. Enhanced computed tomography was used to identify POAP during postoperative period of 4 to 9 days. Univariate analysis and multivariate analysis were used to find out the risk factors of POAP.Results:Of the 60 patients, 13 cases (21.7%) developed POAP. The incidence of clinically related pancreatic fistula with abdominal abscess (76.9% vs.19.1%, χ2=15.71, P<0.000 1), postoperative hospital stay (26 d vs. 18 d, U=141.5, P=0.002 5) and the severity of complications (Clavien-Dindo grade≥Ⅲ: 53.8% vs. 21.3%, χ2=5.32, P=0.02) were significantly higher in the POAP group. But there was no significant deviation between the two groups when it comes to the severe post pancreatectomy delayed hemorrhage (7.7% vs. 0, χ2=3.68, P=0.06) and the delayed gastric emptying (30.8% vs. 21.3%, χ2=0.51, P=0.47). In the univariate analysis, patients with higher body mass index ( P=0.000 3), smaller main pancreatic duct diameter ( P<0.000 1) and softer texture of the pancreas ( P=0.009) were more likely to develop POAP after pancreaticoduodenectomy. In the multivariate analysis, the pancreatic duct diameter≤2 mm ( OR=0.005,95% CI 0.000 06-0.44, P=0.020), the softer texture of pancreas ( OR=0.005, 95% CI 0.000 04-0.47, P=0.023) were risk factors for POAP. Conclusions:Patients with postoperative acute pancreatitis increased the incidence of pancreatic fistula complicating abdominal abscess.Small caliber pancreatic tube, soft texture of pancreas were risk factors of POAP.
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Objective:To investigate the clinical characteristics and treatment of the abdominal cocoon.Mehods:The clinical data of 28 patients with abdominal cocoon from Jan 2004 to Dec 2018 were analyzed retrospectively.Results:Intestinal obstruction was the main clinical manifestations (25 cases), recurrent chronic ileus(17 cases) and abdominal mass (7 cases). Preoperative imaging examination showed varying degrees of intestinal obstruction. CT or MRI scan displayed that small intestinal loops were disorganized , clustered and encased in a thickened capsule. All the cases underwent operations, showing that small bowel were encapsulated in a dense gray-white fibrous membrane. Adhesiolysis and fibrous membrane excision were done with segmental enterectomy when it was necessary. Early postoperative intestinal obstruction occured in 6 cases, all were cured by conservative treatment.Conclusions:The combination of clinical symptoms and CT or MRI may facilitate in preoperative diagnosis. Abdominal cocoon is putative diagnosis when recurrent intestinal obstruction with abdominal mass. Surgery is the therapy of choice.
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Objective@#To investigate the effect of long-chain non-coding RNA Fez family zinc finger protein 1 antisense RNA1 (lncRNA FEZF1-AS1) on the biological function of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).@*Methods@#SMMC771 and BEL-7402 cells were transfected with sh-FEZF1-AS1 and OE-FEZF1-AS1, respectively. The expression of lncRNA FEZF1-AS1 was detected by real-time quantitative PCR. Cell proliferation was detected by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), and apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. The effects of lncRNA FEZF1-AS1 on invasion and migration were detected by Transwell and wound healing assays. The expression levels of adhesion molecules were detected by Western blot. The effect of lncRNA FEZF1-AS1 on the in vivo growth was verified by nude mice xenograft experiments.@*Results@#The silencing or ectopic expression of lncRNA FEZF1-AS1 inhibited or promoted the proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma cells. CCK-8 assay showed that the proliferation abilities of SMMC7721 and BEL-7402 cells in sh-FEZF1-AS1 transfection group significantly decreased, achieving (35.43±4.06)% and (34.68±3.97)%, respectively, on the fifth day. There were significant differences between sh-FEZF1-AS1 group and sh-NC group [52.21±8.46)% and (53.76±7.64)%] (all P<0.05). In contrast, the proliferation ability of SMMC7721 and BEL-7402 cells transfected with OE-FEZF1-AS1 was significantly increased, achieving (83.49±6.92)% and (80.31±3.13)%, respectively, on the fifth day. There were significant differences between OE-FEZF1-AS1 and OE-NC group [53.03±8.84)% and (55.11±7.09)%] (all P<0.05). The subsequent flow cytometry results showed that cell apoptotic rates of SMMC7721 and BEL-7402 cells transfected with sh-FEZF1-AS1 were (13.02±1.38)% and (11.88±1.29)%, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in sh-NC groups [(5.57±1.46)% and (8.06±1.42)%, respectively, all P<0.05]. In contrast, the apoptotic rates of SMMC7721 and BEL-7402 cells transfected with OE-FEZF1-AS1 were (3.01±0.39)% and (3.22±0.43)%, which were significantly lower than those in OE-NC groups [(6.68±0.96)% and (6.63±0.45)%, all P<0.05]. In addition, knockdown or overexpression of lncRNA FEZF1-AS1 expression inhibited or enhanced the migration and invasion abilities as well as the levels of adhesion molecules in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. After 30 days of feeding under the same conditions, the tumor volumes of sh-FEZF1-AS1 and sh-NC SMMC7721 cells xenograft mice models were (0.26±0.03) cm3 and (0.63±0.06) cm3, respectively, showing significant difference (P<0.05). The tumor volumes of sh-FEZF1-AS1 and sh-NC BEL-7402 cells were (0.31±0.02) cm3 and (0.72±0.08) cm3, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#lncRNA FEZF1-AS1 may strengthen the growth, migration and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma cells.
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Objective A retrospective analysis was conducted on standardized laparoscopic left lateral sectionectomy in liver resection (LLLR) using the "Two Step Two Endo-GIA" procedure.The aim of the study was to improve safety and efficacy of the operation.Methods All patients who underwent LLLR in Department of General Surgery,the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from May 2014 to July 2018 were included in the study.All patients were divided into laparoscopic group (n=56) and open group (n=44).The operative plan followed the standardized procedure used in our department.Results Of 56 patients,there were 28 males and 28 females.No hepatic hilar occlusion was required and no case was converted to laparotomy.The average age was (55.7± 13.0),tumor diameter (6.3±3.7) cm,liver dissection time (30.0± 10.9) min,intraoperative blood loss (142.3±22.8) ml,and postoperative length of hospital stay (6.1±2.4) d.The average follow-up was (36.6± 10.1) months.One patient developed mild bile leakage and recovered after drainage.The other patients had no serious postoperative complications.The laparoscopic group was superior to the open group in operation time (90.0±17.0 vs.129.3±38.8) min,fasting time (1.5±1.0 vs.2.1±1.1) d,TBil (13.0±2.6 vs.19.0±3.1) μmol/L and ALT (80.0±19.3 vs.200.0±32.1) U/L.Conclusion A standardized LLLR has the advantages of short operation time,good reproducibility and short learning curve.It can be used as a standard procedure at all hospital levels.
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Objective To explore the impact of nutritional risk on short-term clinical outcomes after laparoscope-assisted radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer.Methods The retrospective case-control study was conducted.The clinical data of 150 patients who underwent laparoscopic gastrectomy at the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University between June 2014 and April 2016 were collected.According to nutritional risk screening 2002 (NRS 2002),42 and 108 patients were respectively divided into the nutritional risk group (NRS 2002 score ≥3) and non-nutritional risk group (NRS 2002 score ＜3).Laparoscope-assisted radical subtotal gastrectomy or total gastrectomy was performed based on tumor location.Observation indicators:(1) postoperative short-term clinical outcomes:postoperative complications,duration of postoperative hospital stay,hospital expenses,unplanned readmission within 30 days after discharging.Postoperative complications meant total complications within 30 days postoperatively,grade Ⅰ-Ⅴ of Clavien-Dindo grade was complication classification.Grade Ⅱ and above of Clavien-Dindo grade were analyzed in this research.(2) Risk factors analysis affecting occurrence of postoperative complications of patients.Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as x±s and analyzed using the independent-sample t test.Measurement data with skewed distribution were described as M (Qn) and analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test.Categorical variables were described as number and percentage and analyzed by the chisquare test.Ranked data were analyzed by the Mann-Whitney U test.Univariate analysis was done by the chi-square test.P＜0.1 of univariate analysis was used to multivariate analysis.COX regression model in multivariate analysis was built using progressive condition method.Results (1) Postoperative short-term clinical outcomes:number of patients with total complications,number of patients with severe complications,duration of postoperative hospital stay,hospital expenses and number of patients with unplanned readmission within 30 days after discharging were 9,2,11 days (9 days,16 days),57 825 yuan (51 894 yuan,66 908 yuan),2 in the nutritional risk group and 16,3,11 days (9 days,13 days),55 067 yuan (49 395 yuan,62 423 yuan),8 in the non-nutritional risk group,respectively,with no statistically significant difference between the 2 groups (X2=0.952,0.010,Z=-1.133,-1.691,X2 =0.048,P＞0.05).Results of univariate analysis showed that age was a risk factor affecting incidence of complications after laparoscope-assisted radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer (X2 =4.468,P＜ 0.05).Results of multivariate analysis showed that preoperative hypoproteinemia was an independent risk factor affecting incidence of complications after laparoscope-assisted radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer (OR =2.797,95％ confidence interval:1.053-7.435,P＜0.05).Conclusion There is little poor impact of nutritional risk on short-term outcomes after laparoscope-assisted radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer,preoperative hypoproteinemia is an independent risk factor affecting occurrence of grade Ⅱ and above of postoperative complications.
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Objective To determine the clinical value of laparoscopic right hepatectomy (LRH) carried out following a standardized technique.Methods The medical records of 15 patients who underwent LRH at the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University were retrospectively reviewed.The perioperative indicators which included the operation duration,blood loss,tumor diameter,hospitalization duration and postoperative complications were analyzed.Results There was no conversion to open surgery.The operation duration was (251.1 ± 73.3) min.The resected tumor diameter was (8.5 ± 4.2) cm,the blood loss was (550.8 ± 343.6) ml,and the hospitalization duration was (10.2 ± 3.7) days.There was one patient who developed postoperative bile leakage.There was no other complication and there was no perioperative death.Conclusions The standardized technique of LRH was easy and effective.This technique shortened the operation duration and improved patient safety.
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Background and purpose: Multidrug resistance of tumor cells is the main factor for the failure of chemotherapy. It is found that the apigenin has the anti-tumor effect, but its role in multidrug resistant cells was rarely reported. This study aimed to investigate the effect of apigenin on multidrug resistant breast cancer cell line MCF-7/ADR, and to explore the role of apigenin in reversing multidrug resistance. Methods: The MCF-7/ADR cells were cultured with different concentrations of apigenin, and the same cells were cultured with ADR in the control group. Thecell proliferation was detected by MTT, the cell cycle distribution was detected by PI, and the cell apoptosis was detect-ed by Annexin V/PI. The drug sensitivity in vitro was detected by the method of MTT, and the drug retention rate was detected by rhodamine 123 accumulation. The expression of P-gp protein was measured by Western blot, the RT-PCR method was used to detect the transcription of multidrug resistance gene MDR1. Results: The MCF-7/ADR cell prolif-eration was inhibited by the apigenin, the cell cycle progression was blocked by the apigenin, and the cell apoptosis was induced by the apigenin. There were significant differences between the apigenin group and the ADR group (P<0.05). The IC50 of ADR on MCF-7/ADR cell was (12.37±0.18) μg/mL with the apigenin effect, while the IC50 of ADR on MCF-7/ADR cell was (39.83±0.29) μg/mL without the apigenin effect (P<0.05). The reversal index was 3.22. The retention rate of rhodamine 123 in MCF-7/ADR cells in the apigenin group was higher than that in the ADR group. The MDR1 gene transcription level in MCF-7/ADR cells was higher than that in the MCF-7 cells, and the P-gp expression in MCF-7/ADR cells was higher than that in the MCF-7 cells. However, the level of MDR1 gene transcription and P-gp expression were down-regulated by the apigenin in the MCF-7/ADR cells. Conclusion: The apigenin had anti-MCF-7/ADR effect, and played the role of reversing multidrug resistance in the MCF-7/ADR cells. The mechanism may be related to down-regulation of the MDR1 gene transcription and the P-gp mediated drug e?ux function.
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Objective To study the expression of the long non-coding RNA-BC043614 in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and to analyse the relationship between the clinical pathological data and the prognosis of PDAC.Methods The clinical data of 42 patients who had PDAC treated from June 2013 to June 2014 were retrospectively analyzed.Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) was performed to detect the difference in expression of lncRNA-BC043614 between PDAC and its adjacent normal tissues.Correlation between the expression of lncRNA-BC043614 in PDAC and the clinical pathological characteristics was analyzed by the x2 test.The potential of lncRNA-BC043614 in predicting prognosis in patient with PDAC after operation was assessed using the Log-rank test and the Cox's proportional hazards regression model.Results The expression of lncRNA-BC043614 was markedly higher in PDAC than in its adjacent normal tissues (P ＜0.05).The expression of lncRNA-BC043614 in PDAC was significantly correlated with tumor size,tumor differentiation,vascular carcinoma,and CA19-9 serum levels (P ＜ 0.05).Patients with a higher expression of lncRNA-BC043614 in PDAC had a significantly shorter tumor-free survival (P ＜0.05).A high expression of lncRNA-BC043614 in PDAC was an independent risk factor of tumor-free survival in patients with PDAC after operation (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions lncRNA-BC043614 was highly expressed in pancreatic cancer tissue and it correlated with the patient's tumor-free survival.lncRNA-BC043614 can be used as a new prognostic biomarker.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the feasibility, safety and efficacy of intraoperative regional infusion chemotherapy by celiac trunk in advanced gastric cancer patients.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One hundred and twenty-six patients with advanced gastric cancer(stageII(-III() were screened from database of Gastrointestinal Surgery Department of Taizhou People's Hospital between January 2008 and December 2010 who underwent R0 resection and D2 lymphadenectomy, received postoperative chemotherapy(XELOX or FOLFOX), and had complete follow-up data. They were divided into infusion chemotherapy group (65 cases) and control group (61 cases) according to regional infusion chemotherapy or not (fluorine 1 000 mg and cisplatin 60 mg). The side effects of chemotherapy, parameters related to the operation, long-term survival and relapse rate were compared between the two groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The baseline data between the two groups were comparable(all P>0.05). Postoperative III( and IIII( adverse reaction of chemotherapy was not significantly different between the two groups (P>0.05). The time of postoperative intestinal function recovery [(67.9±14.8) hours vs. (68.9±15.0) hours, t=-0.380, P=0.705), volume of postoperative 1-week drainage [(66.1±17.1) ml vs.(61.9±18.2) ml, t=1.478, P=0.142], recent morbidity of complications[55.4%(36/65) vs. 49.2%(30/61), χ=0.256, P=0.613], and the long-term morbidity of complications [16.9% (11/65) vs. 14.8% (9/61), χ=0.111, P=0.739] were all not significantly different between the two groups. The 3-year survival rate and 3-year relapse-free survival rate in infusion chemotherapy group were significantly higher than those in control group(58.4% vs. 37.7%, χ=5.382, P=0.020; 58.4% vs. 34.4%, χ=6.636, P=0.010).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Regional infusion chemotherapy by celiac trunk during operation for advanced gastric cancer patients is safe and feasible, and can reduce the risk of local recurrence and improve survival rate.</p>
Subject(s)
Humans , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols , Therapeutic Uses , Celiac Artery , Chemotherapy, Cancer, Regional Perfusion , Methods , Mortality , Cisplatin , Therapeutic Uses , Deoxycytidine , Therapeutic Uses , Disease-Free Survival , Fluorine , Therapeutic Uses , Fluorouracil , Therapeutic Uses , Gastrectomy , Leucovorin , Therapeutic Uses , Lymph Node Excision , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local , Organoplatinum Compounds , Therapeutic Uses , Postoperative Complications , Recovery of Function , Stomach Neoplasms , Drug Therapy , Mortality , General Surgery , Survival RateABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the effects of high-fat diet on the formation of colorectal adenomas in rats.Methods Twenty Wistar rats were evenly divided into two groups,one group were fed with common food and the other group were fed with high fat-diet.The rats of two groups were intraperitoneally injected with 1,2-dimethyl-hydrazine (DMH) (40 mg/kg) once a week for 10 consecutive weeks.Rats with common diet and DMH were assigned to SDT group,and those with high-fat diet and DMH were assigned to HFDT group.The expression of Ki-67 was detected by immunohistochemistry and the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and cyclooxy-genase 2 (COX2) was detected by immunofluorescence.The levels of serum triglyceride,cholesterol,insulin like growth factor-1 (IGF-1),insulin,leptin and tumor necrosis factor-α were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.Student's t test and Mann-Whitney test were performed for statistical analysis.Results At the 18th week,the numbers of Ki-67 positive cells of SDT group and HFDT group were 24.00± 1.84 and 75.17 ± 3.17,respectively,and the difference was statistically significant (t=13.960,P＜0.01).The fluorescence intensity of PCNA of SDT group and HFDT group was 213.70±21.61 and 333.30±30.44,respectively,and the difference was statistically significant (t =4.987,P＜0.01).The levels of serum triglyceride of SDT group and HFDT group were (0.43 ± 0.05) mmol/L and (1.14±0.07) mmol/L,respectively,and the difference was statistically significant (t=8.366,P＜0.01).The levels of cholesterol were (3.75±0.'26) pmol/L and (7.77±0.79) pmol/L,respectively,and the difference was statistically significant (t=4.851,P＜0.01).Conclusion High-fat diet can promote the genesis and development of adnomas through influencing the body's endocrine metabolism,increasing cell proliferation cycle and regulating inflammatory reaction.
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Objective To investigate the correlation of CT image features of mesenteric fibromatosis and its pathological characteristics.Methods Data of 12 mesenteric fibromatosis proved histopathologically in PLA General Hospital and Jiangsu Taizhou People's Hospital from March 2006 to March 2015 were retrospectively reviewed.Results There were 5 males and 7 females with ages ranging from 13 to 67.On the CT image,the masses varied from 3.9 cm to 33.0 cm in diameter.8 of them were round or oval well-circumscribed masses,and 4 were irregular with blurry border.10 of 12 cases were totally similar density,which was ranged from 27 HU to 39 HU.Contrast enhanced CT scan showed moderate enhancing masses in l0 of 12 cases.Macroscopic examination of these specimens revealed that the sections of 11 were solid,firm,grey and yellowish,and 1 was solid-cystic.On the histopathology,the masses consisted of homogeneous spindle shaped fibroblasts,myofibroblasts and collagen.Tumor cells were embedded in a collagen network interrupted by fibrotic sections.Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that the tumor cells expressed Vimentin,H-caldesmon and β-catenin.Conclusions Mesenteric fibromatosis is a rare disease with characteristic CT images,which were based on their pathological characteristics.CT images form the basis of preoperative diagnosis of this disease.
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Objective To explore the expression and clinical significance of chemokine receptor 6 (CCR6)/chemokine ligand 20(CCL20) axis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Methods From March 2003 to December 2005,48 patients with HCC were selected,and one specimen of HCC tissue and one of corresponding adjacent tissue were taken from every patient.Another eight patients with benign liver lesions were selected,and one specimen of surgical sectioned normal liver tissue of each was taken.The relative expression quantity of CCR6 and CCL20 at mRNA level was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR).And the expression of CCR6 and CCL20 at protein level was determined by immunohistochemisty methods.One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed for comparison among groups of measurement data.Chi-square test was used for rate comparison.The correlation coefficient was calculated by Spearman's method.Survival curves were plotted by Kaplan-Meier method and the survival rate was compared by Log-rank test.Results The relative expression quantity of CCR6/CCL20 at mRNA level in HCC tissues (0.99±0.21 and 0.46± 0.11) were significantly higher than those of para carcinoma tissues (0.33 ± 0.09 and 0.31 ± 0.07) and normal liver tissues (0.22±0.06 and 0.28±0.05),and the differences were statistically significant (F=127.43 and 21.10,both P＜0.05).The positive percentage of CCR6 protein expression in HCC tissues (54.17％,26/48) was significantly higher than that in para carcinoma tissues (16.67％,8/48) and normal liver tissues (0/8),and the difference was statistically significant (x2 =19.55,P＜0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the positive percentage of CCL20 protein expression among HCC tissues (50.00％,24/48),paracarcinoma tissues (33.33％,16/48),normal liver tissues (2/8) (all P＜0.05).There was correlation between the positive percentage of CCR6 protein expression and that of CCL20 protein expression in HCC tissues (r=0.42,P＜0.05).The positive percentage of CCR6 protein expression was correlated with the pTNM stage of HCC,vascular tumor thrombosis,intrahepatic metastasis and lung metastasis (x2 =5.48,4.02,5.07 and 5.19,all P＜0.05).The positive percentage of CCL20 expression was significantly correlated to tumor maximum diameter and pTNM stage (x2 =4.09 and 4.00,both P＜0.05).Both the disease-free survival (DFS) rate and overall survival (OS) rate of CCR6-positive group were significantly lower than those of negative group (x2 =4.57 and 6.57,both P＜ 0.05).There were no significant differences in DFS rate and OS rate between CCL20-positive group and negative group (both P＞0.05).Conclusion CCR6/CCL20 axis may be related with the malignant behavior and the prognosis of HCC.
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Objective To investigate the utilization of damage control surgery (DCS) in treatment of the severe abdominal traumas.Methods The clinical data of 56 patients with severe abdominal traumas treated by DCS (Emergency operation,fluid resuscitation and definitive operation were used gradually.)from January 2011 to January 2013 in Department of General Surgery,Taizhou People's Hospital were retrospectively analyzed.Results Of the 56 patients,52 were cured and discharged from hospital,the clinical curative rate was 92.9％; 4 patients dead.Conclusions Abdominal traumas under going operations by applying the damage control surgery significantly increased the clinical curative rate.
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Objective To investigate the mechanisms of nitric oxide (NO) in decreasing intestinal mesenteric arterial hypocontractility in rats with hepatic cirrhosis and portal hypertension,and to analyze the interaction of NO and RhoA/ROCK pathway.Methods The levels of NO in the peripheral blood and mesenteric artery of normal rats (normal control group,5 rats),rats with portal hypertension (experimental control group,6 rats)and rats with portal hypertension treated by L-NAME (L-NAME group,6 rats) were detected.Mesenteric arteriole contractility to norepinephrine in the 3 groups was determined using a vessel perfusion system.The expressions of proteins of NO-cGMP-PKG pathway and RhoA/ROCK pathway in the 3 groups were detected by Western blot.All data were analyzed using the analysis of variance or LSD-t test.The changes of mesenteric arteriole contractility to norepinephrine was expressed in dose-response curve,and was analyzed using the nonlinear regression method,and the EC50 value was calculated.Results (1) The pressures of portal veins of the normal control group,experimental control group and L-NAME group were (6.2 ± 0.9)mm Hg (1 mm Hg =0.133 kPa),(13.9 ± 1.7)mm Hg and (16.6 ± 1.3) mm Hg,respectively,with a significant difference among the 3 groups (F =94.4,P ＜ 0.05).(2) The levels of NO in the normal control group,experimental control group and L-NAME group were (43 ± 5) μmol/L,(82 ± 16) μmol/L and (45 ± 9) μmol/L,respectively,with a significant difference among the 3 groups (F =24.77,P ＜ 0.05).The level of NO of the L-NAME group was significantly lower than that of the experimental control group (P ＜ 0.05).(3) The levels of NO in the mesenteric artery of the normal control group,experimental control group and L-NAME group were (236 ±41) μmol/g,(407 ± 82) μmol/g and (216 ± 42) μmol/g,respectively,with a significant difference among the 3 groups (F =20.29,P ＜ 0.05).The NO level of the L-NAME group was significantly lower than that of the experimental control group (P ＜ 0.05).(4) Compared with the experimental control group,the dose-response curve of mesenteric arterioles to norepinephrine shifted to the left,while it did not reach the level of the normal control group.The levels of EC50 of the normal control group,experimental control group and the L-NAME group were 6.458 × 10-7 mol,9.546 × 10-7 mol and 7.494 × 10-7 mol,respectively.There was a significant difference in the EC50 level between the L-NAME group and the other two group (t =2.726,3.112,P ＜ 0.05).(5) Compared with the normal control group,the protein expression levels of eNOS and p-VASP of mesenteric artery of the experimental control group were significantly increased (P ＜ 0.05),while they were decreased in the L-NAME group (P ＜ 0.05).The protein expression levels of eNOS and p-VASP of mesenteric artery of the L-NAME group were significantly higher than those of the normal control group (P ＜0.05).There were no obvious changes of protein expression levels of PKG-1,ROCK-1 and p-moesin in the 3 groups (P ＞ 0.05).(6) The activity of ROCK-1 was significantly increased with norepinephrine stimulation in the normal control group and the L-NAME group,while no obvious changes were detected in the experimental control group.Conclusions The NO expression is upregulated in mesenteric arteries in rats with hepatic cirrhosis and portal hypertension.Such changes induce ROCK activation via influencing the expression of vasoconstrictors.L-NAME can reduce the NO levels in the mesenteric arteries,which may improve RhoA/ROCK signal pathway transduction.This can help vasoconstrictors induce ROCK activation without affecting the protein expression of ROCK.
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Objective To investigate the effects and mechanisms of extracellular-signal regulated protein kinase-motogenactived protein kinase(ERK-MAPK)signaling pathway in gastrin-induced cell proliferation and apoptosis of colorectal cancer cells.Methods HT-29 cells were incubated in different media,and then were divided into the control group,gastrin group,proglumide group and gastrin + proglumide group.No reagent was added in the control group,and other groups were dealed with reagent in different concentrations.The changes of proliferation of the HT-29 cells were detected by MTT assay,and the optimal concentration of gastrin and proglumide were determined.The changes of proliferation index and apoptotic rates of HT-29 cells were detected by cell cytometry.The mRNA expressions of gastrin receptor/cholecystokinin-B receptor(CCK-BR),ERK1/2 and K-ras were detected by RT-PCR.The protein of ERK1/2,K-ras protein and phosphorylation levels were detected by Western blot.All data were analyzed by analysis of variance and SNK-q test.Results The proliferation of HT-29 was stimulated by gastrin when the concentration of the gastrin was 6.25-100.00 mg/L,and the optimal concentration of gastrin was 25.00 mg/L(F =31.36,P ＜ 0.05).Proglumide had no obvious effects on the proliferation of HT-29 cells,while it significantly inhibited the proliferation of HT-29 cells stimulated by gastrin when the concentration of proglumide was 8.00-128.00 mg/L,and the optimal concentration was 32.00 mg/L(F =24.31,P ＜ 0.05).The proliferation index of the gastrin(25.00 mg/L)group was 37.5 ％ ± 5.2％,which was significantly higher than 27.7％ ± 5.0％ of the control group and 27.3％ ± 5.8％ of the gastrin(25.00 mg/L)+ proglumide(32.00 mg/L)group(q =4.56,4.75,P ＜ 0.05).The apoptotic index of the gastrin(25.00 mg/L)group was 1.9％ ± 0.4％,which was significantly lower than 2.5％ ± 0.4％ of the control group and 2.4％ ± 0.3％ of the gastrin(25.00 mg/L)+ proglumide(32.00 mg/L)group(q =4.23,4.06,P＜0.05).The mRNA expression of CCK-BR was detected in the HT-29 cells.The levels of phosphorylated ERK1/2 protein and phosphorylated K-ras protein were 0.43％ ± 0.04％ and 0.45％ ± 0.06％,which were significantly higher than 0.32％ ± 0.02％ and 0.31％ ± 0.05 ％ of the control group(q =7.78,4.95,P ＜ 0.05),and they were also higher than 0.36％ ± 0.01％ and 0.35 ％ ± 0.04％ of the gastrin(25.00 mg/L)+ proglumide(32.00 mg/L)group(q =5.72,4.08,P ＜0.05).There were no significant differences in the mRNA and protein expressions of ERK1/2 and K-ras among the control group,gastrin(25.00 mg/L)group,proglumide(32.00 mg/L)group and gastrin (25.00 mg/L)+ proglumide(32.00 mg/L)group(F =0.52,0.72,0.78,0.28,P ＞0.05).Conclusion Gastrin could stimulate the proliferation of HT-29 cells and inhibit their apoptosis by upregulate the phosphorylation levels of ERK and K-ras through the Ras→Raf→ MEK1/2→ ERK1/2 pathway,while the effect can be restrained by gastrin receptor antagonist proglumide.
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Objectives To evaluate the impact of virtual hepatectomy and computer-assisted risk analysis on surgical planning and intraoperative strategy for major hepatectomy.Methods Twentytwo consecutive patients (17 males and 5 females) were admitted to the hospital from January to December in 2010 for complicated major hepatectomy.CT scanning was performed with 64-MSCT.All the data of imaging were transferred to the Myrian(R) XP-Liver system (IntrasenseR,France).The following steps were undertaken by a radiologist and a surgeon majoring in liver surgery: step 1,image analysis and 3-D reconstruction; step 2,virtual resection and liver volumetry; step 3,computer-assisted risk analysis for hepatic dysfunction,followed by adjustment of the operative planning.Results The three-dimensional reconstruction models of the liver by the Myrian(R) XP-Liver system were visualized.The ideal simulation effect was achieved comparing the virtual imaging with the actual operation.Of the 22 patients who underwent complicated major hepatectomy,complete tumor removal (R0 resection) was achieved in 20 patients.There were 2 patients who received a R1 resection as microscopic tumor cells were found at the cutting margin of the right portal vein and bile duct.No patient died during the hospital stay.After computer-assisted risk analysis,the operative planning and surgical strategies were changed in 6 patients.Conclusions The application of the hepatic three-dimensional reconstruction and virtual hepatectomy using the Myrian(R) XP-Liver system provided important preoperative data for good preoperative planning and intraoperative strategy in complex hepatectomy.
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Objective To study the effects of inhibing AKT2 by siRNA on SMMC7721 liver cancer cells proliferation,apoptosis,migration and invasion.Methods The siRNA targeting AKT2 was designedandthe SMMC7721AKT2- siRNAplasmidwasconstructed andtransfected into SMMC7721 cells.The stable cell lines were screened by G418.The effects of AKT2 by siRNA on SMMC7721 liver cancer cells,growth inhibition was evaluated by MTT assay.Cell cycle was analyzed by flowcytometry (FCM).Protein of P27 and CyclinD1 was evaluated by Western-blot.The ability of migration and invasion was evaluated by wound healing and Transwell assay.ResultsThe growth of SMMC7721 cells was significantly inhibited by siRNA (P＜0.05).Flow cytometry display that AKT2 by siRNA can induce G1 phase arrest,the ratio of G1 phase increased homologously and S phase declined homologously.The protein of CyclinD1 was declined and the protein of P27 was increased by Western-blot.Wound healing and Transwell assay show that the ability of cells,migration and invasion was inhibited by AKT2 by siRNA.Conclusion AKT2 by siRNA can significantly inhibit the growth of SMMC7721 cells,arrest cell cycle.AKT2 by siRNA can inhibit the ability of invasion and migration of SMMC7721 cells.
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ObjectiveTo study the expression of AKT2 gene in liver cancer and its relationship to tumor progression.MethodsThe expression of AKT2 in liver cancer was detected by SP immunohistochemical stainin and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).Four patients with benign liver tumors were used as control.ResultsThe positive rates of AKT2 in liver cancer tissue and benign control tissue were 62.5％ (28/32) and 0％ (0/4),respectively.The difference was significant.In addition,a positive expression of AKT2 correlated significantly with poor differentiation,positive lymph node and distant metastasis.The median survival after surgery was significantly shorter in patients with positive than with negative AKT2 (76d vs 463d).ConclusionThe detection of AKT2 was useful in assessing the progression of liver cancer,in determining prognosis and eventually in rendering a possible target for novel therapeutic strategies.
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Objective To investigate the surgical management of unsuspected gallbladder carcinoma (UGC) after laparoscopic cholecystectomy ( LC ). Method The clinical data of 11 cases of UGC incidently found after LC from October 2003 to August 2009 were retrospectively analyzed. Results According to Nevin staging, 2 cases were stage Ⅰ , 6 cases were stage Ⅱ , 2 cases were stage Ⅲ and 1 case was stage Ⅳ.Four cases were treated by LC,including 2 cases with stage Ⅰ and 2 cases with stage Ⅱ ;another 7 cases were treated by radical resection after LC. All patients were followed up for 1-66 months after operation, 2 cases with stage Ⅰ were observed alive up; 2 cases with stage Ⅱ treated by LC died less than 3 years after operation, 3 of the 4 cases with stage Ⅱ treated by radical resection were alive up, only 1 died in 21 months after operation; 2 cases with stage Ⅲ died in 8 months and 10 months respectively, 1 case with stage Ⅳ died in 1 month after operation. Conclusions It is difficult to diagnose the UGC preoperatively. LC is sufficient for patients with Nevin stage Ⅰ , radical resection after LC is required for patients with stage Ⅱ or more advanced stage. If tumors are located in the neck of gallbladder, radical resection is required regardless of their stage.
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Objective To investigate the expression of tumor growth tactor ?1 (TGF-?1) and p27 in gallbladder carcinoma and their relation to the development of the carcinoma. Methods The expression of TGF-?1 and p27 in 36 cases of gallbladder carcinoma was detected by SP immunohistochemical staining. Twenty cases of chronic cholecystitis were collected as control. Results The positive rate of TGF-?1 (63.9%) was higher than that of the control (10.0%), P