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Objective To explore the distribution change and antimicrobial resistance of pathogens causing catheter associat‐ed urinary tract infection in ICU .Methods 500 cases of patients received by emergency department ICU in our hospital from 2012 April~ 2014 June were collected ,urine samples were collected by closed drainage bag after indwelling catheter in 3 ,7 ,14 ,21ds .By culture ,separation ,purification ,screening and identification and antimicrobial disc diffusion experiments ,distribution changes and resistantance of pathogens causing catheter related infections were analyzed .Results 358 strains were found in catheter associated urinary tract infections ,in which 175 strains were Gram‐positive bacteria ,mainly were Staphylococcus aureus (48 .57% ) and en‐terococci (46 .86% ) ,137 were Gram‐negative bacteria ,mainly were E .coli (56 .93% ) ,46 fungi ,mainly were Candida albicans (47 .83% );Gram‐positive bacteria showed a decreasing trend ,while Gram‐negative bacteria increased every year;resistance rates of Staphylococcus aureus and enterococci to penicillins ,cephalosporins and quinolones were more than 50% ;Escherichia coli and Kleb‐siella pneumoniae had strong resistance to penicillins ,cephalosporins and quinolones ;resistance rate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to ampicillin ,sulbactam and ampicillin cefazolin up to 100% .Conclusion Escherichia coli is the major pathogens causing ICU catheter associated urinary tract infections;pathogens resistance are strong ,clinical monitoring should be strengthened .
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Objective:To explore the significance of homocysteine, high sensitivity C reactive protein (CRP) and Color Doppler ultrasound in ischemic stroke prognosis.Methods: Two hundred cases of ischemic stroke patients received in neurology department of our hospital from Jan 2012 to Jan 2015 were divided into non-progressive stroke group (110 cases of patients) and progressive stroke group (90 cases of patients) according to the clinical manifestations and diagnosis results of 200 patients. All common carotid artery intima-media thickness of all patients were measured by Color Doppler ultrasound. General information and carotid artery intima-media thickness in the two groups of patients were compared; homocysteine level and high-sensitivity C protein level in the two groups of patients on admission and after two weeks of treatment were compared.Results:Differences of general information between the two groups were not statistically significant (P>0.05); average carotid artery intima-media total thickness in progressive stroke group is (1.54±0.39)mm, significantly higher than non-progressive stroke group[(1.08±0.23) mm], the difference was statistically significant (t=10.37,P<0.05); Hcy levels in progressive stroke group on admitted to hospital and after two weeks’ treatment were significantly higher than non-progressive stroke group, the differences were statistically significant (t=3.343, 5.104,P<0.05); Hs-CRP levels in progressive stroke group on admitted day and after two weeks’ treatment were significantly higher than non-progressive stroke group, the differences were statistically significant (t=7.062, 7.552,P<0.05).Conclusion:Serum homocysteine levels and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels can be used as important indicators for prognostic evaluation of ischemic stroke, combining with Color Doppler ultrasound diagnosis can get more precise effect, and worthy of promotion.
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Objective Calreticulin (CRT)is a multifunctional protein of endoplasmic reticulum implicated in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis(RA). The present study was undertaken to determine whether CRT was involved in an?giogenesis events in RA. Methods Serum CRT levels were measured by enzyme-linked immnuosorbent assay(ELISA)in 106 patients with established RA, 75 osteoarthritis(OA)and 80 healthy controls(HC). CRT levels in synovial fluid were al?so measured in 25 RA and 22 OA patients. The expression of CRT in synovial tissue was examined by immunohistology. In order to investigate the role of CRT on angiogenesis, human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVECs)were isolated and cultured for in vitro experiments. The proliferation, migration and tube formation of HUVECs following CRT stimulation were examined in vitro by MTT assay, scratch wound healing assay and tube formation assay. Results Our results showed a sig?nificantly higher concentration of CRT in serum [(6.4±3.1) μg/L] of RA patients compared to that of OA [(3.7±0.9) μg/L, P<0.01] and HC [(3.4±1.0) μg/L, P<0.01];and significantly higher CRT in synovial fluid [(6.9±3.4) μg/L] of RA vs OA [(3.9± 0.7) μg/L, P<0.01]. Increased CRT expression predominantly localized to vascular endothelial cells, inflammatory cells and perivascular areas in both the lining and sublining layers of RA synovial tissue. Furthermore, CRT significantly promoted the proliferation, migration and tube formation of HUVECs, as showed by MTT assay, scratch wound healing assay and tube for?mation assay. Conclusion These findings suggested that CRT may be involved in synovitis and pannus formation events via promoting angiogenesis in RA.