Infection status of Anisakis larvae in the major economic marine products in the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea from 2016 to 2020 / 中华地方病学杂志

Objective:To learn about the infection status of Anisakis larvae in the major economic marine products in the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea, and provide baseline data for systematic monitoring of Anisakis and prevention and control of related diseases. Methods:From April 2016 to September 2020, the samples of marine products collected in the surrounding waters of 9 fishing sites in the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea (Bohai Bay, the middle part of the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea junction, the southern part of the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea junction, the northern part of the Yellow Sea and the southern part of the Yellow Sea) in the coastal areas of Yantai City and Weihai City, Shandong Province were dissected and tested for worms. The infection and distribution of Anisakis larvae in different types of samples and different organs in the samples were compared, and the differences of the infection level of Anisakis larvae in marine fish among the surrounding waters of different fishing sites and different sampling sites in China were compared. At the same time, a survey on the awareness of health knowledge of anisakiasis was carried out among the residents near each fishing sites. Results:A total of 708 cases of 5 types of marine products were tested in the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea, including 581 cases of marine fish, 22 cases of mollusks, 20 cases of echinodermata, 75 cases of crustaceans and 10 cases of shellfish. Anisakis larvae infection was detected only in marine fish (191 cases), and 4 723 Anisakis larvae were found. The infection rate was 32.87% (191/581) and the infection intensity was 24.73(4 723/191) larvae/case. They were mainly distributed in mesentery and intestinal wall (38.96%, 1 840/4 723), coelom (22.04%, 1 041/4 723) and gastric wall (17.95%, 848/4 723). The infection levels of Anisakis larvae in marine fish among the surrounding waters of different fishing sites were compared, the infection rate in the southern part of the Yellow Sea was the highest, and its infection intensity was significantly higher than that in the middle and southern part of the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea junction ( P < 0.05). The infection levels of Anisakis larvae in marine fish among different sampling sites in China were compared, the infection rates of Zhoushan Port, the fish sold in Jinzhou, Yantai and Shantou were significantly higher than those in the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea ( P < 0.05), and the infection rates of the fish sold in Dandong and Qingdao were significantly lower than those in the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea ( P < 0.05). A total of 1 805 residents living near the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea were investigated on the health knowledge of anisakiasis. Among them, 20.78% (375/1 805) residents had heard of anisakiasis, 15.73% (284/1 805) residents knew how to get it, 12.30% (222/1 805) residents knew the harm of anisakiasis to human body, and 16.68% (301/1 805) residents knew how to prevent it. Conclusions:The marine fish in the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea are infected by the Anisakis larvae, and the level of infection is relatively high. In the future, we should strengthen the popularization of knowledge on prevention and control of anisakiasis.

Effect of Astragaloside Ⅳ on Proliferation， Migration， and Invasion of Colorectal Cancer HCT116 Cells / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo investigate effect of astragaloside Ⅳ on the proliferation， migration， and invasion of colorectal cancer HCT116 cells and the underlying molecular mechanism. MethodColorectal cancer HCT116 cells were classified into blank group （DMSO） and low-dose （15.7 mg·L-1）， medium-dose （31.4 mg·L-1）， and high-dose （62.8 mg·L-1） astragaloside Ⅳ groups. After drug treatment， the morphological changes of HCT116 cells were observed under an inverted microscope. Cell viability was detected by cell counting kit-8 （CCK-8） assay， and the migration and invasion of cells were detected based on scratch assay and Transwell assay. The expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor （p21）， CyclinD1， B-cell lymphoma-2 （Bcl-2）， and Bcl-2-associated X protein （Bax） in the cells was examined by Western blot. ResultCompared with the blank group， cells in the three astragaloside Ⅳ groups demonstrated slow growth， low density， inconsistent morphology， nuclear shrinkage， degradation of cytoplasm， and high death rate. Moreover， cell viability decreased in a concentration-dependent manner in the astragaloside Ⅳ groups. Cell migration and invasion were inhibited （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and the inhibition rate was in positive correlation with the concentration of the astragaloside Ⅳ. The expression of pro-apoptotic protein Bax in low-dose， medium-dose and high-dose astragaloside Ⅳ groups increased gradually in a concentration-dependent manner， while the expression of p21， CyclinD1 and anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 decreased gradually in a concentration-dependent manner compared with those in the blank group （P<0.05， P<0.01）. ConclusionAstragaloside Ⅳ can suppress the proliferation， migration， and invasion of colorectal cancer HCT116 cells and promote the apoptosis， thus inhibiting the occurrence and development of colorectal cancer.

Investigation on infection status of key human parasites in Yantai City, Shandong Province from 2015 to 2019 / 中华地方病学杂志

Objective:To understand the infection status of key human parasites in Yantai City, Shandong Province, and to provide scientific basis for establishing strategy for prevention and control of the disease.Methods:According to the "National Investigation Plan of Human Parasitic Infection Status" and implementation rules, stratified cluster random sampling method was adopted to select 39 survey sites in 10 counties (cities, districts) of Yantai City from 2015 to 2019. The respondents were residents in each survey site, with no less than 200 people in each survey site. The modified garten thick smear method (one fecal two test) and the direct smear method were respectively used to detect the eggs of intestinal worms and the trophozoites or cysts of intestinal protozoa. Besides, the transparent adhesive paper anal swab was used to detect pinworms in children aged 3 - 9 years. SPSS 18.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Comparison between infection rates was analyzed by χ 2 test or Fisher's exact probability test with 0.05 of test level. Results:A total of 8 507 people were investigated from 2015 to 2019. The total infection rate of intestinal parasites was 1.75% (149/8 507), and no protozoa was detected. A total of 4 species of intestinal worms were detected, including 1.41% (120/8 507) of whipworm, 0.16% (14/8 507) of ascaris, 0.14% (12/8 507) of pinworm and 0.07% (6/8 507) of hookworm. Among 149 cases of worm infection, 3 cases were ascaris and whipworm mixed infection, accounting for 2.01%. The infection rate of pinworm was 1.90% (11/578) in 578 children aged 3 - 9 years detected by transparent adhesive paper anal swab. From 2015 to 2019, the incidence of intestinal parasites infection first increased and then decreased, the difference was statistically significant (χ 2 = 469.38, P < 0.05). The infection rates of male and female were 1.72% (70/4 071) and 1.78% (79/4 436), respectively, with no significant difference between them (χ 2 = 0.05, P > 0.05). There was a significant difference of intestinal parasites infection rate in different age groups (χ 2 = 23.34, P < 0.05). The infection rate of intestinal parasites in ≥80 years old group was the highest with 2.84% (8/282). There was a significant difference of intestinal parasites infection rate among different professionals (χ 2 = 41.71, P < 0.05). Intestinal parasites infection rate of farmers was the highest with 2.58% (113/4 388). There was a significant difference of intestinal parasites infection rate among people with different cultural degree(χ 2 = 51.91, P < 0.05). Infection rate of illiterate people was the highest with 4.98% (16/321). Parasitic infection was detected in 10 counties (cities, districts), except Laishan District. The highest infection rate was Haiyang City (10.18%, 102/1 002), and the results of other counties (cities, districts) were lower than 1.20%. There was significant difference in infection rate in different regions (χ 2 = 433.87, P < 0.05). The infection rate in urban area was 0.51% (22/4 281), and the infection rate in rural area was 3.01% (127/4 226). The difference between urban and rural areas was statistically significant (χ 2 = 76.70, P < 0.05). Conclusion:The infection rate of intestinal parasites has been reduced to a lower level in rural area of Yantai City, and farmers are the key prevention and control population of intestinal parasites infection, so attention should be paid to strengthen the publicity of parasitic disease prevention and control.

Promotion of self-nucleic acid fragments on the assembly of foot-and-mouth disease virus-like particles / 生物工程学报

The special nucleic acid fragments, 5' untranslated region (5' UTR) and internal ribosome entry site (IRES) of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV), which interact with the capsid proteins, were selected as scaffolds to investigate the assembly efficiency of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) virus-like particles (VLPs). The assembled product was characterized by evaluation of particle size, surface potential, gel retardation assay, nuclease digestion experiments, size-exclusion chromatography, transmission electron microscopy and circular dichroism analysis. The results confirmed that the 5' UTR and IRES of FMDV co-assembled with the FMD VLPs and facilitated the assembly efficiency of FMD-VLPs. It demonstrates that the assembly efficiency of 75S particles of VLPs-5'UTR was significantly higher than those of the VLPs (P<0.001) and VLPs-IRES group (P<0.01). Comparatively the assembly efficiency of 12S particles of VLPs-IRES was significantly higher than those of the VLPs (P<0.000 1) and VLPs-5'UTR (P<0.000 1). It showed that the 5' UTR represented more effective in facilitating the assembly of VLPs. This study proposes an optimized strategy for improving the assembly efficiency of VLPs for the development of VLPs vaccine.

Therapeutic effect of vitrectomy combined with single-layer inverted internal limiting membrane flap covering technique for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment complicated with macular hole / 中华眼底病杂志

Objective To observe the therapeutic effect ofvitrectomy combined with single-layer inverted internal limiting membrane (ILM) flap covering technique for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) complicated with macular hole (MH).Methods A retrospective case analysis.From January 2015 to August 2019,29 eyes of 29 patients with RRD and MH diagnosed in the First People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University were included in this study.There were 16 males (16 eyes) and 13 females (13 eyes).All the eyes were peripheral RRD and involving the macular area,while complicated with MH and proliferative vitreoretinopathy in stage less than C.All the eyes were examined by BCVA and OCT.The BCVA examination was performed using the Snellen visual acuity chart,which was converted into logMAR visual acuity.Before 2017,18 eyes were treated with vitrectomy combined with ILM peeling (ILM peeling group);after 2017,11 eyes were treated with vitrectomy combined with single-layer inverted ILM flap covering technique (ILM inverted group).The differences of age (t=0.360),onset time (t=1.235),number of holes except MH (t=0.060),RRD range (t=1.232),gas filled eyes (x2=0.324) between the two groups were not statistically significant (P＞0.05).The average follow-up time after surgery was 4.5 months.The BCVA,retinal reattachment and MH closure at the last follow-up in the two groups were comparatively observed.U-shaped or V-shaped retina was defined as MH closure.Results At the last follow-up,retinal reattachmnents were achieved in all the eyes.In ILM peeling group,5 eyes (27.8％,5/18) were completely closed in type Ⅰ.In ILM inverted group,9 eyes (81.8％,9/11) were completely closed in type Ⅰ.There was a statistically significant difference of closure rate in type Ⅰ closure between the two groups (x2=5.968,P=0.015).The mean logMAR BCVA in ILM peeling group and ILM inverted group were 1.24± 0.28 and 0.97 ± 0.39,respectively.The difference of logMAR BCVA between the two groups was statistically significant (t=2.179,P=0.038).Conclusion Vitrectomy combined with single-layer inverted ILM flap covering technique can increase the BCVA and MH closure rates in RRD patients with MH.

Therapeutic effect of vitrectomy combined with single-layer inverted internal limiting membrane flap covering technique for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment complicated with macular hole / 中华眼底病杂志

Objective@#To observe the therapeutic effect of vitrectomy combined with single-layer inverted internal limiting membrane (ILM) flap covering technique for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment(RRD) complicated with macular hole (MH).@*Methods@#A retrospective case analysis. From January 2015 to August 2019, 29 eyes of 29 patients with RRD and MH diagnosed in the First People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University were included in this study. There were 16 males (16 eyes) and 13 females(13 eyes). All the eyes were peripheral RRD and involving the macular area, while complicated with MH and proliferative vitreoretinopathy in stage less than C. All the eyes were examined by BCVA and OCT. The BCVA examination was performed using the Snellen visual acuity chart, which was converted into logMAR visual acuity. Before 2017, 18 eyes were treated with vitrectomy combined with ILM peeling (ILM peeling group); after 2017, 11 eyes were treated with vitrectomy combined with single-layer inverted ILM flap covering technique (ILM inverted group). The differences of age (t=0.360), onset time (t=1.235), number of holes except MH (t=0.060), RRD range (t=1.232), gas filled eyes (χ2=0.324) between the two groups were not statistically significant (P>0.05). The average follow-up time after surgery was 4.5 months. The BCVA, retinal reattachment and MH closure at the last follow-up in the two groups were comparatively observed. U-shaped or V-shaped retina was defined as MH closure.@*Results@#At the last follow-up, retinal reattachments were achieved in all the eyes. In ILM peeling group, 5 eyes (27.8%, 5/18) were completely closed in typeⅠ . In ILM inverted group, 9 eyes (81.8%, 9/11) were completely closed in typeⅠ . There was a statistically significant difference of closure rate in type Ⅰ closure between the two groups (χ2=5.968, P=0.015). The mean logMAR BCVA in ILM peeling group and ILM inverted group were 1.24±0.28 and 0.97±0.39, respectively. The difference of logMAR BCVA between the two groups was statistically significant (t=2.179, P=0.038).@*Conclusion@#Vitrectomy combined with single-layer inverted ILM flap covering technique can increase the BCVA and MH closure rates in RRD patients with MH.

The effect of the modified root canal preparation method with different liquid continuous flushing on the anti-fracture properties of mechanical nickel-titanium file / 实用口腔医学杂志

Objective: To study the effect of the modified preparation method with root canal flushing of different solutions on the anti-fracture properties of mechanical nickel-titanium filings. Methods: A transparent resin model of root canal was established. ProTaper Universal (PTU F1) instrument was used to prepare the root canals. The number of prepared root canals by each PTU F1 with the various solutions(n = 20) was recorded and compared among groups. Results: 6. 13 ± 3. 52 root canals were prepared in distilled water group, 6. 25 ± 1. 76 in 0. 9％saline group, 6. 27 ± 2. 07 of 0. 2％ chlorhexidine group, 6. 88 ± 3. 21 in 1％ sodium hypochlorite group, 4. 31 ± 2. 34 in 5％ sodium hypochlorite group and 3. 26 ± 2. 08 in dry drilling group. The number between each 2 of distilled water, 0. 9％saline group, 0. 2％chlorhexidine group and 1％ sodium hypochlorite group, and the number between 5％ sodium hypochlorite group and dry drilling group was not statistically significant(P＞ 0. 05). The number of prepared root canals in the first 4 groups was more than that in the latter 2 groups(P＜ 0. 05). Conclusion: Distilled water, 0. 9％ saline, 0. 2％ chlorhexidine or 1％ sodium hypochlorite for root canal irrigation can improve mechanical nickel-titanium instrument for fatigue resistance in root canal preparation, but 5％ sodium hypochlorite and dry drilling can not.

Inverted internal limiting membrane flap technique for macular hole retinal detachment of high myopia / 中华眼底病杂志

The reattachment rate,macular hole (MH) closure rate,visual acuity improvement and redetachment rate of MH retinal detachment (MHRD) of high myopia are not satisfactory owing to long axis oculi,posterior scleral staphyloma and macular atrophy.At present,minimally invasive vitrectomy surgery combined with the internal limiting membrane flap technique has become popular in the treatment of MHRD,as it can promote MH closure,and significantly improve the outcome of MHRD.However if this method can improve the postoperative visual function is still controversial.The advantage of this technique is that the loosened internal limiting membrane is applied to cover the MH surface to form a scaffold structure similar to the basement membrane.It can stimulate Müller cell gliosis more effectively,and promote tissue filling in the MH which results in MH closure.It can also promote retinal reattachment and reduce the likelihood of retinal redetachment.This technique is expected to be a standard surgical method for the treatment of MHRD of high myopia in the future.The inserted internal limiting membrane flap technique is relatively easy to perform,induces stable flaps by simple procedures,and can be an essential complement procedure of the inverted internal limiting membrane flap technique.In order to reduce the recurrence rate in the future,it is necessary to further define the indications of different surgical methods and the predictive effects of MH healing mode on the success rate and visual function recovery.

Acquisition standard of medical record homepage and impact on BJ-DRGs grouping / 中华医院管理杂志

BJ-DRGs grouping process was cited as an example, to describe the factors affecting the grouping process, grouping results and assessment results, and the solutions in transferring homepages into WJT form 4-1 for inpatient medical record homepages (WJT form 4-1 for short).Authors analyzed how to better information acquisition quality of such homepages by unifying the data interface standard of WJT form 4-1, for the purposes of enhancing BJ-DRGs grouping efficiency, and expanding its functions as a tool for medical quality management and that for medical insurance payment management.

Clinical efficacy of vitrectomy combined with modified inverted internal limiting membrane flap covering technique for complicated macular hole / 中华眼底病杂志

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy ofvitrectomy combined with modified inverted internal limiting membrane (ILM) flap covering technique for complicated macular hole (MH).Methods This is a retrospective case series.Twenty-one eyes of 20 patients who underwent vitrectomy combined with modified inverted ILM flap covering technique were enrolled in this study.Among these eyes,9 eyes were idiopathic MH (IMH),with the mean basal diameter of (1 188.3 ± 155.1) μm,minimum diameter of (626.9± 86.2) μm,logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of 1.1 ± 0.3;2 eyes were MH with high myopia,with the mean basal diameter of (696.5 ± 232.6) μm,minimum diameter of (259.0±69.3) μm,logMAR BCVA of 1.3;5 eyes were high myopia MH with retinal detachment (RD),with the mean BCVA of 1.5 ± 0.1;3 eyes were rhegmatogenous RD (RRD) with MH,with the mean logMAR BCVA of 1.6;2 eyes were MH after vitrectomy for RRD,with the mean basal diameter of(1 606.0±69.3) μm,minimum diameter of (909.0±387.5) μm,logMAR BCVA of 1.6.All patients received 23G or 25G vitrectomy after removal of posterior vitreous cortex intraoperatively.Indocyanine green staining assisted circle-wise ILM peeling was performed.ILM of diameter 1.5 disc-diameters around fovea was residual and loosened;perfluoronoctane assisted inverting superior or temporal residual ILM covering on macular hole.C3F8,gas or silicone oil tamponade was performed at the end.BCVA and hole closure were followed up for 1-4 months.C3F8,gas or silicone oil was tamponaded at the end.BCVA and hole closure were followed up for 1-4 months.Results MH of 21 eyes were closed after surgery.Nine IMH were closed at type Ⅰ,with U shape closure in 7 eyes,V shape closure in 2 eyes.Two eyes of MH with high myopia,3 eyes of RRD with MH,2 eyes of MH after vitrectomy for RRD were closed at type Ⅰ of U shape.Five eyes of high myopia MHRD including MH closure at type [of U shape 3 eyes,type Ⅱ of W shape 2 eyes.The mean logMAR BCVA of IMH,MH with high myopia,high myopia MHRD,RRD with MH,MH after vitrectomy for RRD eyes were 0.8±0.3,0.9±0.2,1.4±0.1,0.7±0.3,0.9 ± 0.2,respectively.The mean postoperative logMAR BCVA in IMH eyes was improved compared preoperative one (P=0.02).There was no obvious change of pre-and postoperative logMAR BCVA in MH with high myopia,high myopia MHRD,RRD with MH,MH after vitrectomy for RRD eyes (P=0.18,0.10,0.11,0.18).Conclusion Vitrectomy combined with inverted ILM flap covering technique for complicated MH is an effective method to improve the success rate of MH closure and the visual function.

The choroidal thickness and blood flow in the subfoveal area with idiopathic macular hole by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography / 中华眼底病杂志

Objective To observe the subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) and choriocapillary blood flow area (CBFA) in the patients with idiopathic macular hole (IMH).Methods This is a prospective clinical study.Thirty-two patients with unilateral IMH (4 in stage 2,17 in stage 3,11 in stage 4) and 32 age-and sexmatched normal controls were enrolled in this study.All eyes were divided into three groups,including group A (32 affected eyes),group B (32 fellow eyes) and group C (32 normal eyes of controls).There was no significant difference in age (t=0.865) and gender (x2=0.000) in IMH patients versus normal control subjects (P＞0.05).There was no significant difference in refraction (F=0.957) and ocular axial length (F=0.562) between group A,B and C.The SFCT was detected by enhanced depth imaging of spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT).The CBFA was detected by OCT angiography.The differences of SFCT and CBFA in three groups were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis and non-parametric test.Results The mean SFCT was (182.53 ±64.52) μtm in group A,(199.21 t73.07) μtm in group B and (254.21 ±56.85) μtm in group C respectively.The SFCT was thinner in group A and B than that in group C (Z=-4.362,-3.190;P＜0.05),but was the same in group A and B (Z=-1.171,P＞0.05).The mean CBFA was (5.09±0.31) mm2 in group A,(5.41 ±0.20) mm2 in group B and (5.39±0.15) mm2 in group C respectively.The CBFA was reduced in group A than that in group B and C (Z=-4.467,-4.048;P＜0.05),but was samc in group B and C (Z=0.420,P＞0.05).Conclusion SFCT and CBFA are both reduced in IMH eyes.

The advance and application of radiotherapy in exudative age-related macular degeneration / 中华眼底病杂志

Exudative or wet age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is characterized by the progressive growth of choroidal neovascularization (CNV).Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) drugs have been used in the control of the development of CNV and vision improvement,but there are still defects like frequent injections,drug resistance and so on.Radiotherapy can deactivate local inflammatory cell populations,and make CNV unstable in the absence ofpericytes and VEGF stimulation,which induce apoptosis of the vascular endothelial cells.Therefore,radiotherapy is considered as a potential adjuvant treatment of anti-VEGF therapy.The current clinical approaches include epimacular brachytherapy (EMBT) and long-range stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT).SRT may be a preferred adjuvant treatment for patients receiving anti-VEGF therapy.Knowing the progress of radiotherapy for the treatment of exudative AMD may help us to fully understand the pathogenesis of wAMD in China

Effect of Salvia miltiorrhiza injection on proliferation, apoptosis and expression of amino acid in human embryonic lung fibroblast cells / 实用医学杂志

Objective To investigate the effect of Salvia miltiorrhiza injection on proliferation , apoptosis and expression of hydroxyproline in human embryonic lung fibroblast cells. Methods TGF-β1 was administered to induce the proliferation in human embryonic lung fibroblast cells; the effect of Salvia miltiorrhiza injection on the number of human embryonic lung fibroblast cells was detected by MTT method; ki67 expression by immunocytochemical method;cell apoptosis by flow cytometry and the expression of hydroxyproline by colorimetry method. Results TGF-β1(0, 2.5, 5, 10, 20, 40 μg/L)could up-regulate cell number of human embryonic lung fibroblast cells in a dose-dependent manner , while the OD value of human embryo lung fibroblasts cells declined pretreated with Salvia miltiorrhiza injection in a dose-dependent manner and Salvia miltiorrhiza injection could induce the apoptosis and down regulated hydroxyproline expression in human embryo lung fibroblasts cells. The results of flow cytometry indicated that cell apoptosis increased after treated with Salvia miltiorrhiza injection when compared with TGF-β1 group (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, Salvia miltiorrhiza injection could down regulate the expression of hydroxyproline (P < 0.01). Conclusions Salvia miltiorrhiza injection can target human embryonic lung fibroblast cells , play a potent role in the airway remodeling through the promotion of its apoptosis and down regulate the expression of hydroxyproline.

DRGs-based medical performance evaluation of tertiary hospitals in Yunnan / 中华医院管理杂志

Objective To identify objective methods for medical service performance evaluation,and means to improve the efficiency of medical services.Methods By means of collection of medical records from 10 tertiary hospitals in Yunnan in 2012,and Diagnosis-related groups of Beijing version(BJDRGs)as a risk-adjustment tool,medical service performance was made to such hospitals.Results The capacity,efficiency and medical safety of hospital of the hospitals were subject to a comprehensive evaluation of their medical service capabilities.In terms of discharged inpatients and total weight,hospital A were found to be the highest(77 458 cases,104 227.5 respectively),and hospital I the lowest(25 450 cases,38 162.28)among these hospitals in 2012; compared with other hospitals,DRG groups of hospitals A,b and D were found higher,while the case mix index(CMI)of hospitals e and I were higher.The expenditure index of hospital C is the lowest(0.9359,0.8514); the mortality in cases of low risk of hospitals B,c and D were the lowest,while hospital F was the highest.Conclusion DRGs as a risk adjustment tool,can significantly improve the reliability,science and continuity of medical service performance evaluation,providing reliable basic data for hospitals accreditation in Yunnan.

Application of case-based learning in ophthalmology course and its assessment / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective To assess the effect of case-based learning (CBL) in ophthalmology teaching.Methods Lecture based learning combined with CBL was applied in ophthalmology teaching for 19 undergraduates majored in clinical medicine of 2007 grade from Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine.Questionnaire survey was conducted for students after the course ended to understand their evaluation on CBL.Proportion of selected data was analyzed comparatively.Results 100％ (19/19) students believed that CBL was essential in ophthalmology teaching and rational at the end of course.84.2％ (16/19) students accounted that CBL could only be assistant teaching method.94.7％ (18/19) and 84.2％ (16/19) students considered that CBL was beneficial for cognition of eye diseases completely and clinical thinking formation.4-6 class hours for CBL were approved by 73.7％ (14/19) students.Conclusions CBL is essential in ophthalmology teaching and is accepted and supported by students,therefore it should be the main assistant teaching method.

In vitro transformation of immortalized human bronchial epithelial cells BEAS-2B induced by radon and cigarette smoke / 中华放射医学与防护杂志

Objective To establish a model of malignant transformation of human cells in vitro to study the lung cancer induced by radon and cigarette smoke. Methods The immortalized human bronchial epithelial cells BEAS-2B were divided into control group( C ), radon group ( Rn), cigarette smoke group (Sm) and combined group (Rn-Sm). Cells were planted onto transwell membrane one day before exposure and were directly exposed to radon and cigarette smoke pumped in a gas inhalation box. After the exposure cells were trypsinized into dishes for further growth and malignancy transformation phenotype was detected in order to compare the effects due to radon and cigarette smoke exposure. Results BEAS-2B cells showed malignantly transformed phenotype by exposure to radon and cigarette smoke. A series of sequential steps emerged among transformed cells, including altered growth kinetics, resistance to serum has changed from 0. 31 ± 0. 18 to 1.92 ± 0. 27,2. 03 ± 0. 14,2.95 ± 0. 60, and anchorage-independence growth increased from (0.01 ±0.02)% to (4.89 ±0.30)%,(8.36 ±0.50)%,(11.74 ±0.69)%.After being subculture for 20 generations, cell apoptosis of the fifth generation cells exposed to radon,cigarette smoke and both was significant decreased from ( 11.76 ± 0. 17 ) % to (4. 62 ± 0. 42 ) %、 ( 8.63 ±0. 15 )%、 (3.68 ± 0. 33 )%. Conclusions BEAS-2B cells could be malignancy transformed by radon and cigarette smokein vitro, which could be used as a cell model in lung bronchial carcinogenesis.

Factor analysis model for studying the influence of psychological stress on the endocrine network of reproduction axis / 生物医学工程学杂志

In order to explore the influence of psychological stress on the reproductive axis, we started with the original data of biology from animal experiments, then we conducted the factor analysis of 6 important bio-regulatory factors and established the Factor Analysis Model for the endocrine network of reproduction axis under psychological stress. Based on the biological data obtained from animal experiments, it is found that, compared with the relationship seen in the factor analysis model in normal condition, the relationship among the biological factors is more complicated. The key factor, GnRH, has lost its strong regulating action on the subordinate factors, especially on E2; on the other hand, beta-EP has very strong regulating action on E2, and E2 is controlled mainly by beta-EP.

?-lactamases-resistant Genes in Imipenem-resistant Pseudomonas Aeruginosa / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To screen and analyze the ?-lactamases-resistant genes in imipenem-resistant pseudomonas aeruginosa (IMPRPa). METHODS: ?-lactamases-resistant genes including IMP,VIM and OprD2 in 60 clinically isolated IMPRPa strains were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR),and sequence analysis was performed on the PCR amplified products of some of IMP and VIM genes. RESULTS: Of the 60 IMPRPa strains,?-lactamases-resistant positive genes were as follows: IMP gene was positive in 7 strains,VIM gene was positive in 18 strains,and both IMP and VIM genes were positive in 3 strains. Sequencing of the PCR products of IMP and VIM genes were IMP-1 and VIM-2 types,and OprD2 gene deletion was noted in 29 strains. CONCLUSION: OprD2 protein channel deletion and metal-producing ?-lactamases are the chief mechanisms for the resistance of IMPRPa to imipenem.

Changes in resistance rates of acinetobater baumannii:characteristircs and analysis / 国际检验医学杂志

Objective To investigate the trend of omtibacterial resistance rate of Acinetobater baumannii in our hospital from Jan.2000 to Jun.2005,and for the guidance of rational use of antibacterials.Methods A.baumannii strain was isolated and tested by K-B method from clinical samples and antibiotic resistance was analyzed and studied retrospectively.Results There was an elevated tendency of the resistance rates to common antibacterial in A baumanii for past six years. The resistance rate to imipenem was the lowest (3.6%) and to amikacin, cefoperazone/sulbactam was 29.5%-77.4%.Conclusion The resistance rates to common the antibacterial in A.baumanii are high and the resistance pattern is wide. It is important to select antibiotics according to the antibiotics sensitivity in vitro.

Effect of age-related maculopathy on the quality of life / 中华眼底病杂志

Objective To assess the vision-related quality of life(VRQL) in patients with age-related maculopathy (AMD) and the related factors in Shanghai. Methods The VRQL of 105 patiens with AMD and 105 without (the control group) in Shanghai was investigated via Chinese-version low vision quality of life questionnaire. Resutls The Cronbach ? coefficient of the questionnaire is 0.97 in the patients with AMD, whose scores of the various quality of life were significantly lower than those in the control group. The more the exudative defect happened, or the longer the disease course developed, the lower the sccores were. All the scores of the scales and the total questionnaire were significantly related to the better or worse monocular visual acuity. The better monocular visual acuity was the first independent risk factor affecting all aspects of VRQL in pateints with AMD. Conclusions Decreased visual acutiy may gradually impair the VRQL in patients with AMD. Chinese-version questionnaire of low vision quality of life can provide the general information of the VRQL in patients with AMD.