ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to determine the presence of IMP and OXA genes in clinical strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) that are carriers of the ampC gene. METHODS: In this study, 105 clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa were collected. Antibiotic resistance patterns were determined using the disk diffusion method. The strains carrying AmpC enzymes were characterized by a combination disk method. Multiplex-PCR was used to identify resistance and virulence genes, chi-square test was used to determine the relationship between variables. RESULTS: Among 105 isolates of P. aeruginosa, the highest antibiotic resistance was to cefotaxime and aztreonam, and the least resistance was to colictin and ceftazidime. There were 49 isolates (46.66%) that showed an AmpC phenotype. In addition, the frequencies of the resistance genes were; OXA48 gene 85.2%, OXA199, 139 3.8%, OXA23 3.8%, OXA2 66.6%, OXA10 3.8%, OXA51 85.2% and OXA58 3.8%. The IMP27 gene was detected in 9 isolates (8.57%) and the IMP3.34 was detected in 11 isolates (10.47%). Other genes detected included; lasR (17.1%), lasB (18%) and lasA (26.6%). There was a significant relationship between virulence factors and the OX and IMP genes (p ≤ 0.05). CONCLUSION: The relationship between antibiotic resistance and virulence factors observed in this study could play an important role in outbreaks associated with P. aeruginosa infections.
Subject(s)
Aztreonam , beta-Lactamases , Cefotaxime , Ceftazidime , Diffusion , Disease Outbreaks , Drug Resistance, Microbial , Methods , Phenotype , Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Virulence Factors , VirulenceABSTRACT
Background: Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus [MRSA] strains are one of the main bacteria responsible for development of nosocomial infections. Therefore, the detection and identification of these strains can be very effective in the treatment. The aim of this study was to determine the pattern of antibiotic MRSA strains isolated from clinical samples in Ali ibn Abi Talib hospital in 2014
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 119 isolates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aurous were isolated from 460 samples; antibiotic resistance pattern was studied by disk diffusion method. The MRSA strains were first approved by CefoxitinDisk
Results: The highest and lowest resistances were found in penicillin and vancomycin, respectively. Distribution of resistance in MRSA strains in children was allocated to the highest percentages
Conclusion: According to the increasing prevalence of antibiotic resistance, especially for resistant strains to several antibiotics, rapid detection, on time and accurate resistant strains by using international standards, in order to make appropriate treatment options and preventing the spread of resistance between strains is necessary