ABSTRACT
Objective: To determine probability of finding antinuclear antibodies [ANA] and anti extractable nuclear antigens [ENA] positive samples and associating ANA patterns with anti-ENA reactivities among a consecutive cohort of samples of systemic rheumatic disease patients referred for ANA testing. Study Design: Prospective cohort study. Place and Duration of Study: Immunology Department, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Rawalpindi, Pakistan, from January to June 2016
Methodology: All the samples referred for ANA testing with clinical suspicion of systemic rheumatic disease were included. After screening, ANA positive samples were subjected to anti-ENA antibodies testing [including anti-SSA, antiSSB, anti-Sm, anti-RNP, anti-SCL-70 and anti-Jo-1 antibodies] and ANA pattern and titer determination
Results: Of 4,347 samples received, 397 were positive for ANA [9%]. Of 397, 96 [24%] samples positive on ENA screen were tested for anti-ENA reactivity. Anti-SSA antibodies were found in 59 samples. Commonest ANA patterns were coarse and fine speckled [43 and 22 samples of 81 tested], while majority of samples carried ANA in titers of 1:40 and 1:80 [22 and 18 samples of 81 tested]. No specific ANA pattern was associated with any particular anti-ENA reactivity
Conclusion: Among samples/patients referred for investigations of autoimmune disorders, probability of finding positive ANA is approximately 9%. Of these 9%, about 24% also show reactivity against ENA. Commonest ANA pattern is coarse speckled and majority of such patients carry ANA in titers ranging from 1:40 to 1:80. Commonest ENA reactivity was against SSA
ABSTRACT
Leukocyte adhesion deficiency type 1 [LAD-1] is a rare autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the gene that codes for CD18, the beta chain of beta-2 integrins, located on the long arm of chromosome 21. This defect results in failure of leukocyte migration to the site of infection due to the absence of surface integrins. Leukocyte adhesion deficiency should be suspected in any patient with recurrent infections, impaired wound healing, history of delayed umbilical cord separation, periodontitis, leukocytosis, recurrent soft tissue and oral infections. Diagnosis is based on the analysis of neutrophils for the surface expression of CD18, CD11a, CD11b and CD11c by flow cytometry. Here, we present a 55-day male infant with umbilical cord separation on the 10th day of life and no history of infection, who was identified with LAD-1 with low expression of CD11b. The purpose of performing LAD flow cytometric analysis in this patient was to screen him for LAD-1 as his elder brother had LAD-1 and one elder sister died undiagnosed with recurrent skin and chest infections at 8 months of age
ABSTRACT
Objective: To determine frequency of different types of leukemias and aberrant CD markers expression on these types. Study Design: Descriptive study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Immunology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Rawalpindi from Jul 2015 to Dec 2015
Material and Methods: All peripheral blood and bone marrow samples to confirm the suspicion of acute leukemia with flow cytometric immunephenoltyping were included in the study. Cells were stained with lineage specific monoclonal antibodies against cell specific CD markers through lyse wash procedure. Cell acquisition and analysis was done on Cell Quest software in multi parameter flow cytometer. Data was entered in SPSS v 20.0 to determine the frequencies of different types of leukemias and aberrant CD markers expression
Results: Over 6 months, 102 males and 49 females were tested with mean age 26 +/- 21 years. Commonest leukemia was AML M2. Among 69 pediatric cases with mean age 7.4 +/- 5.8 years, precursor B ALL was commonest. Among 82 adults with mean age 41.5 +/- 15.7 years, AML M2 was commonest leukemia. Total 32 cases [18 children and 12 adults] expressed cross lineage aberrant markers, CD13, CD33 and CD7
Conclusion: Aberrant CD markers expression must be kept in mind during lineage assignment of acute leukemias while performing flow cytometric immunophenotyping
ABSTRACT
Objective: To determine prevalence of HLA-B27 among patients of spondyloarthropathies
Study Design: Cross sectional study
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Immunology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology Rawalpindi Jan 2015 to Aug 2016
Material and Methods: All peripheral blood samples of spondyloarthropathy patients received for HLA-B27 typing were included in the study. Cells were stained with monoclonal antibodies against HLA-B27 and CD3 using lyse wash procedure. Cell acquisition and analysis was done on Cell Quest software in multi parameter flow cytometer. Data was entered in SPSS 20.0 to determine the frequency of HLA-B27 positive individuals
Results: Over 20 months, 252 males and 77 females [total 329] were tested with age ranging from 5 to 80 years. Total 77 patients [23.4%] including 66 males [26.2%] and 11 females [14.3%] were positive for HLA-B27
Conclusion: Nearly 23% patients of spondyloarthropathies carry HLA-B27 antigen, with male's predominance [26% vs 16%]