ABSTRACT
Objective: to show the frequency of tumours and tumour-like lesions in various age groups, male to female ratio and the bones commonly involved
Material and Methods: microscopic slides, tissue paraffin blocks, clinical record and available x-rays of 271 patients whose specimens were reported between 1992 to 2001 were retrieved from the record of Pathology Department, Lady Reading Hospital [LRH] Peshawar. Of the total, 21 cases had inadequate material. The slides were reviewed by two histopathologists
Results: results showed osteosarcoma [OSA] and Ewing's sarcoma to be the commonest malignant tumours in childhood and adolescence with the mean age of 15.3 years. Lymphoma, fibro sarcoma, malig- nant fibrous histiocytoma [MFH] and giant cell tumour were the commonest malignancies in middle adulthood with the mean age of 32.2 years. In the late adulthood and old age [mean age of 51.2 years], metastatic tumours, plasma cell myeloma and chondrosarcoma were the commonest malignant bone tumours. Osteosarcoma was the commonest malignant and osteochondmma was the commonest benign bone tumour. The bones most commonly involved were femur, tibia and humerus. In male to female ratio, male preponderance was noted in most of the malignant tumours except giant cell tumour and Ewing's sarcoma
Conclusion: the study consisted of a small number of cases and was biopsy based, therefore need careful interpretation
ABSTRACT
This study was conducted to observe the effects of extracts from the seeds of medicinal plant "Myristica fragrans" [which has documented calcium channel blocker] on volume and acidity of carbachol induced gastric secretion, liver and kidney function in fasting rabbits. Thirty rabbits of local breed were included in the study and they were divided into three equal groups. Group A was injected with Carbachol. Group B was injected with extract and carbachol and group C was injected only extract and liver and kidney function was determined. The drugs and extract were injected intraperitoneally. It was observed that the extract inhibited volume, free and total acidity of gastric secretion in group B. This inhibition was statistically highly significant for all the three parameters [P< 0.001]. It was also noticed that there were non significant changes in liver function and kidney function test before and after 45 days treatment with extract in group C. It is concluded that the extract is an excellent inhibitor of gastric acid secretion and can be safely used for peptic ulcer and other diseases which need calcium channel blockers for their treatment. This will also enable a lay man to use the crude drug obtained from easily available local plant