The effect of ginger and metoclopramide in the prevention of nausea and vomiting during and after surgery in cesarean section under spinal anesthesia

OBJECTIVE: Postoperative nausea and vomiting is one of the most common side effects after anesthesia in surgeries, such as cesarean section. This study aimed to investigate the effect of ginger and metoclopramide in the prevention of nausea and vomiting during and after cesarean section.METHODS: This clinical trial was conducted on 180 patients aged 18–40 years who underwent cesarean section under spinal anesthesia. The first group received 10 mg of metoclopramide via intravenous injection (metoclopramide group), and the second group received 1 g of oral ginger (ginger group) half an hour before spinal anesthesia. The frequency and severity of nausea and vomiting during surgery and at 2, 6, 12, and 24 hours postoperatively were compared in both groups. To analyze the results, the t-test, chi-square test, and Mann-Whitney test were used.RESULTS: There was no significant difference in the frequency of nausea and vomiting between the 2 groups during operation, 2 hours and 6 hours after surgery (P=0.182, 0.444 and 0.563 respectively). The severity of nausea and vomiting was also similar in the 2 groups (P=0.487 and 0.652 respectively); however, the metoclopramide group had a lower systolic blood pressure (P<0.001; df=2.176; f=18.66) and mean arterial pressure (P<0.001; df=2.176; f=6.36) than the ginger group.CONCLUSION: The results revealed that ginger reduced nausea and vomiting to the same extent as metoclopramide in patients undergoing cesarean section.TRIAL REGISTRATION: Iranian Center for Clinical Trials Identifier: IRCT201611028611N3

Comparison of the effect of vitamin E, vitamin D and ginger on the severity of primary dysmenorrhea: a single-blind clinical trial

OBJECTIVE: Dysmenorrhea is one of the most common problems for women, especially during their reproductive age. Various studies have examined the effects of vitamins D and E and ginger supplements. This study aimed to investigate the individual effects of each of these supplements on dysmenorrhea. METHODS: This single-blind clinical trial was conducted in 2016 on students aged 18 to 25 years who complained of mild to severe dysmenorrhea. The participants were randomly assigned into 4 groups: vitamin D, vitamin E, ginger, and placebo. The effects of the supplements on the severity of dysmenorrhea were evaluated in 2 successive cycles using the visual analog scale (VAS) and a questionnaire. RESULTS: Initially, 240 female students were enrolled in the study; thereafter, 40 students were excluded from the study owing to follow-up loss. The average VAS score for dysmenorrhea in the entire study population was 7.13±0.80 before the intervention; the mean VAS score after the first and second months of supplement use was 5.37±1.51 and 4.93±1.48, respectively. The highest reduction in pain severity was observed in the ginger group (F=74.54, P<0.001). CONCLUSION: Vitamin D, vitamin E, and ginger significantly reduced the severity of dysmenorrhea, with ginger having the most significant effect followed by vitamin D and vitamin E. Given the low risk of these supplements, more studies must be conducted on their use as opposed to analgesics.

Spontaneous uterine rupture after abdominal myomectomy at the gestational age of 20 weeks in pregnancy: a case report

Background: Uterine rupture in pregnancy is rare and often could be life threatening and catastrophic. Myomectomy is one of very common surgeries in gynecology, performed as the vaginal, abdominal and laparoscopic surgeries. Pregnancies occured after abdominal and laparoscopic myomectomy are high risk for uterine rapture

Case: Patient was a 28 Years old female, pregnant woman at the 20 wks of gestational age with abdominal pain and a history of abdominal myomectomy 6 yrs ago. Uterus was ruptured and fetus in amniotic sac was found in abdominal cavity

Conclusion: Early diagnosis of uterine rupture after myomectomy can save patients from death

Impact of body mass index on pregnancy outcome

Pre-pregnancy obesity is considered as a significant predictor for neonatal and maternal morbidity and mortality. Several studies have indicated conflicting associations between body mass index [BMI] and pregnancy outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of pre-pregnancy BMI on adverse pregnancy outcomes. This cohort study was conducted from 2010 to 2013 in Qazvin province, Iran. BMI was measured in a total of 1376 pregnant women before their 12th week of pregnancy. The subjects were followed-up until the termination of their pregnancy and childbirth. Data collection was performed through checklists prepared by the researchers, which consisted of three parts: demographic features, obstetric history, and subsequent pregnancy outcome. For data analysis, Chi-square, ANOVA and Mann- Whitney tests were performed, using SPSS version 16. In addition, adjusted odds ratio [OR] and 95% confidence interval [CI] were measured. The risk of preeclampsia [OR: 5.36, CI: 2.505-11.49], gestational diabetes mellitus [OR: 5.092, CI: 1.67-15.46], cesarean section [OR: 1.959, CI: 1.37-2.79], and large for gestational age [OR: 4.735, CI: 1.402-15.98] was higher in overweight [2530 kg/m2], compared to women with below-normal and average weight. Pre-pregnancy obesity is strongly associated with certain pregnancy complications and perinatal conditions. Therefore, these complications implicate the need for pre-pregnancy counseling and weight loss in this group of women