Acoustic Rhinnometric Accessment of Nasal Cavity in Normal Neonates / 대한이비인후과학회지

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Acoustic rhinometry, introduced by Hilberg in 1989, is an important investigative tool in rhinology. It should be well suited for studies of the nasal cavities of infants and children in whom nasal airway is more important than in adults. The main objective of this study was to find normal data of nasal cavity dimension in Korean full-term normal neonates. SUBJECTS AND METHOD: Between March 2003 and November 2003, the nasal airways of 100 normal full-term neonates (56 males; 44 females) were examined by acoustic rhinometry (Rhinometrics) and miniprobe. MCA (minimal cross-sectional area), TMCA (total MCA), DMCA (distance from the nostril to the position of MCA) and TVOL40 (sum of volume of the anterior 40 mm of the nasal airway) were calculated. RESULTS: The mean values of TMCA, DMCA and TVOL40 were 0.220 cm2 0.944 cm, 1.716 cm3 respectively. CONCLUSION: Acoustic rhinometry is quick to perform, non-invasive, and it requires minimal co-operation and has no adverse effects. Nasal airway evaluation in neonates is significant in this age group, but limitations in equipment make this difficult. Further studies are required for more accurate evaluation of the nasal airway of neonates and infants.

Combination Therapy with Endoscopic Removal and Ambisome for Rhinocerebral Aspergillosis Invading Frontal Lobe: Report of a Case / 대한이비인후과학회지

The rhinocerebral aspergillosis invading sinuses and CNS is known to be a fatal desease in immunocompromised patients. The management principle of rhinocerebral aspergillosis is often by extensive surgical removal through craniotomy combined with amphotericin B therapy, and endoscopic removal had not been reported until now. We report in this study a case of rhinocerebral aspergillosis invading the left frontal sinus and the left frontal lobe which were treated by the combination therapy of endoscopic removal and antifungal agents.

The Role of Allergy in the Severity of Chronic Rhinosinusitis / 대한이비인후과학회지

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Although allergic rhinitis is one of the most common factors associated with the development of chronic rhinosinusitis, the role of allergy in the severity of chronic rhinosinusitis was not well defined. This study is aimed to determine whether the allergy or factors such as nasal polyp, asthma, aspirin sensitivity can induce more extensive chronic rhinosinusitis, and to determine whether the severity of chronic rhinosinusitis depends on the severity of allergy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 98 chronic rhinosinusitis patients who underwent endoscopic sinus surgery were evaluated. The severity of chronic rhinosinusitis was assessed by CT scores and symptom scores. An allergic prick test, MAST (Multiple-antigen simultaneous test), the total IgE, and a serum eosinophil count were evaluated for diagnosis and assessment of the severity of allergy. Influences of another factors such as nasal polyp, asthma, and aspirin sensitivity to the severity of chronic rhinosinusitis were evaluated. RESULTS: Although the symptom scores of allergic chronic rhinosinusitis patients were greater than those of non-allergic chronic rhinosinusitis patients, there were no CT score differences between the two groups. Differences in the CT scores and symptom scores in allergic chronic rhinosinusitis patients according to the severity of allergy were statistically insignificant. Nasal polyp, asthma, and aspirin sensitivity did not induce more severe chronic rhinosinusitis. CONCLUSION: Allergy may be associated with the development of chronic rhinosinusitis, but the severity of allergy is not correlated to the severity of chronic rhinosinusitis.

Expression of Cytokeratin Subtypes in Advanced Laryngeal Carcinoma and Its Relationship to p53 and Human Papilloma Virus / 대한이비인후과학회지

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: This study investigated the expression of cytokeratin 8, 18, 19 with low molecular weight, which have been classified as a group of simple epithelium-related marker for advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Detection of cytokeratin expression was performed by immunohistochemical study using antikeratin monoclonal antibodies (CAM5.2, RCK108). Immunohistochemical study was used further to detect the presence of p53 mutation in larynx carcinoma, and PCR was performed to detect the infection of HPV. We then tried to draw relationship among these factors with regard to advanced larynx carcinoma. RESULTS: Cytokeratin 8, 18 (CAM5.2) was detected in 17 cases among the 19 advanced larynx carcinoma, and in 3 cases among the 15 normal larynx. Cytokeratin 19(RCK108) was detected in 18 cases among the advanced larynx carcinoma, and in 11 cases among the 15 normal larynx. HPV DNA was detected in 4 of the 19 cases of larynx carcinoma. With regard to subtypes of HPV, HPV 16 was detected in 2 cases. And p53 was detected in 6 out of the 19 cases of larynx carcinoma. There was no correlation among the cytokeratin expression, the p53 expression, and the HPV infection. CONCLUSION: This results show that cytokeratin 8, 18 (CAM5.2) expression might be a meaningful parameter in malignant change of the larynx, but the prognostic role of the cytokeratin and the role of p53 and HPV in cytokeratin expression in larynx carcinoma was not confirmed.

A Case of Extracranial Chondroma of the Skull Base / 대한이비인후과학회지

The chondroma is a benign tumor that arises from the primordial cartilaginous skeleton. Chondromas can occur in the head and neck area, usually larynx, maxilla and base of the skull, but those arising from the basisphenoid and basiocciput are extremely rare. Most of the skull base chondromas described in the literature are extended intracranially, but only five cases of extracranial chondroma of the skull base have been described so far in the world literature. The authors have experienced one case of extracranial chondroma of the skull base with good result by extirpation of the lesion through sublabial-transseptal endoscopic approach.