ABSTRACT
Purpose@#Bisphosphonates (BPs) have a powerful effect on reducing bone resorption and improving the survival of patients with breast cancer. We aimed to investigate the impact of BP treatment on the prevention of recurrence, metastasis, and death of breast cancer survivors in the perimenopausal period. @*Methods@#The search strategy aimed to identify both published and unpublished studies in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, ProQuest, and Google Scholar in March 2021. Two independent reviewers assessed quantitative papers selected for retrieval for methodological validity before being included in the review using standardized critical appraisal instruments from the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Meta-Analysis of Statistics Assessment and Review Instrument (JBI-MAStARI). Statistical meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager (RevMan) 5.4 statistical software when the data were homogenous.Meta-analysis was performed by calculating the effect size (hazard ratio; HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). @*Results@#Twenty-one studies were eligible for this systematic review and meta-analysis.The overall The HRs for disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) in women who received BPs were 0.89 (95% CI, 0.83–0.97; p = 0.005), and 0.75 (95% CI, 0.63–0.89; p = 0.001), respectively. The results showed that BPs had a significant effect on the prevention of locoregional (HR, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.42–0.97; p = 0.04), bone (95% CI, 0.74–0.95; p ≤ 0.001), and distant metastases (HR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.62–0.94; p = 0.01). In the subgroup analysis based on study design, the only insignificant HR in the included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was that of locoregional metastasis. @*Conclusion@#Although BPs have a promising effect on DFS, OS, and bone metastasis of perimenopausal women survivors of breast cancer, more RCTs are needed to evaluate their effect on other survivors’ outcomes.
ABSTRACT
Purpose@#Neurogenic bladder dysfunction (NGB) has an impact on the quality of life, which made it an important research subject in preclinical studies. The present review investigates the effect of stem cell (SC) therapy on bladder functional recovery after the onset of spinal cord injury (SCI), multiple sclerosis (MS), Parkinson disease (PD), and stroke in rodent models. @*Methods@#All experiments evaluated the regenerative potential of SC on the management of NGB in rodent models up to June 2019, were included. From 1,189 relevant publications, 20 studies met our inclusion criteria of which 15 were conducted on SCI, 2 on PD, 2 on stroke, and 1 on MS in the rodent models. We conducted a meta-analysis on SCI experiments and for other neurological diseases, detailed urodynamic findings were reported. @*Results@#The common SC sources used for therapeutical purposes were neural progenitor cells, bone marrow mesenchymal SCs, human amniotic fluid SCs, and human umbilical cord blood SCs. There was a significant improvement of micturition pressure in both contusion and transaction SCI models 4 and 8 weeks post-SC transplantation. Residual urine volume, micturition volume, and bladder capacity were improved 28 days after SC transplantation only in the transaction model of SCI. Nonvoiding contraction recovered only in 56 days post-cell transplantation in the contusion model. @*Conclusions@#Partial bladder recovery has been evident after SC therapy in SCI models. Due to limitations in the number of studies in other neurological diseases, additional studies are necessary to confirm the detailed mechanism for bladder recovery.
ABSTRACT
Preeclampsia is one of the main causes of maternal and fetal mortality. Despite numerous studies, its etiology is unknown. Recently there has been attention towards Folic acid. This study examined the association of Folic acid consumption and its serum levels with Preeclampsia. A case-control study conducted in Tabriz- Alzahra hospital. 52 preeclamptic women in 34-42 weeks and 52 normotensive pregnant women were studied from Jun to Nov 2009. Data was gathered through interview with the women and review of their medical records. Folic acid serum levels were measured by electrochemiluminescence method on Elecsys-2010 system using the Roche brand kit. Data were analyzed by t-test, chi-square, exact fisher and logistic regression. 46% of women in the case group and 71% in the control group regularly consumed Folic acid supplements before and during the first trimester of pregnancy. Frequency of correct pattern of Folic acid consumption in the case group were significantly lower than control group [P = 0.02]. Findings about frequency of main food groups' consumption containing folic acid indicated that the only mean difference between two groups was in relation to fruits [P = 0.002]. The mean of Folic Acid serum levels in preeclamptic group was significantly lower than non- preeclamptic group [10.9 [3.9] vs. 13.6 [4.0] ng/ml, P = 0.001]. it is recommended all health care providers educate clients especially high risk women about regular and timely consumption of supplements as well as food groups containing Folic acid specially fruits and its possible role in prevention of preeclampsia.