ABSTRACT
Pyroptosis， a new type of inflammatory programmed cell death， is different from apoptosis， necrosis， cytosis， ferroptosis， and autophagy. Pyroptosis is dependent on the activation of cysteine aspartate-specific protease （Caspase）， which cleaves key mediator proteins to form pores in the cell membrane and induces the maturation and release of the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β and interleukin-18 into the extracellular environment， resulting in a cascade of inflammatory reactions. Gastric cancer as a malignant tumor of the digestive tract is refractory and has poor prognosis， and the chemoradiotherapy of this disease may lead to a variety of complications. At present， the pathogenesis of gastric cancer remains unclear. Studies have proved that pyroptosis is associated with the occurrence and development of gastric cancer， which has attracted wide attention. Pyroptosis is a double-edged sword for gastric cancer. On the one hand， it can release the contents of proinflammatory cells to amplify or maintain inflammation and induce the "inflammation-cancer" transformation of cells. On the other hand， pyroptosis can enhance the sensitivity of drugs for chemotherapy to improve the therapeutic effect and survival. In recent years， the anti-tumor mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） has become a research hotspot as TCM has demonstrated significant effects in clinical application. Therefore， the regulation of pyroptosis by TCM may be a new direction for the treatment of gastric cancer in the future. Based on the available studies， this paper introduces the roles of pyroptosis-associated key proteins in the occurrence and development of gastric cancer. Furthermore， this paper summarizes the effects of TCM prescriptions and active ingredients on alleviating gastric mucosal damage， reducing the incidence of gastric cancer， and preventing tumor metastasis and recurrence by mediating pyroptosis pathways， aiming to provide new ideas for deciphering the mechanism of pyroptosis and exploring the TCM treatment of gastric cancer in the future.
ABSTRACT
Heart failure is the final stage of heart disease caused by a variety of etiologies and has a high morbidity， mortality， and disability rate， making it a major challenge in the field of medicine. Cardiomyocytes， the most basic unit of the heart， are irreversible in nature and can be damaged or necrotic in various ways in the presence of heart failure. Myocardial cell injury is also an important cause of cardiac dysfunction and affects the prognosis and quality of life of patients. Therefore， reducing the level of myocardial cell damage and delaying the process of cell death can help patients with heart failure lessen the extent of cardiac damage and improve their prognosis， thereby lowering the incidence of death and disability and times of hospitalization. Ferroptosis is a new form of cell death that has been widely concerned in recent years， with studies confirming its occurrence in cardiac myocytes. As a modifiable form of cell death， interfering with ferroptosis can modulate the extent of injury and death in cardiac myocytes. Studies have shown that the inhibition of iron death has a protective effect on cardiomyocytes， thereby alleviating heart failure. Chinese medicine has been widely used in the clinical treatment of heart failure， and has the advantages of multiple approaches and entry points， with significant therapeutic effects， low side effects， and low medical costs. It also reduces the clinical side effects of western medicine， with good clinical results. The use of Chinese medicine to modulate ferroptosis may be a new direction for the future treatment of heart failure. This paper briefly elaborated on the mechanism of ferroptosis， investigated the role of ferroptosis in heart failure， and discussed the current status of research on ferroptosis in Chinese medicine interventions in heart failure， to provide references for further improving the efficacy of Chinese medicine in the treatment of heart failure.
ABSTRACT
The effect of living kidney transplantation between identical twins is satisfied, but it is rarely reported. From October 2019 to February 2021, two recipients received kidney transplantation from their twin sisters in the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University. The primary disease of the two recipients was acute glomerulonephritis in 1 case and diabetic nephropathy in 1 case. Two recipients received tacrolimus/cyclosporine+ mortemycophenol ester+ methylprednisolone after surgery. The patients were followed up for 3.0 and 1.5 years, respectively, with renal function recovering well.