“ADPKD presenting as congestive cardiac failure secondary to dilated cardiomyopathy” - a case report.

ADPKD presenting as congestive cardiac failure due to dilated cardiomyopathy is rare. ADPKD is an inherited systemic disorder with major renal manifestation and in some cases extrarenal manifestation or combination of both. In this report 45 year male patient presented with complains of dyspnoea, abdominal distension, pain right hypochondriac region. He was hospitalized, examined clinically and advised various bio-chemical and imaging tests. The finding was suggestive of ADPKD with dilated cardiomyopathy with congestive cardiac failure. He was managed with diuretics, ACE inhibitors, digoxin, Moist oxygen inhalation and he responded to the treatment.

Epidemiological profile of cervical lesion on pap smear cytology and histopathological finding in kosi region of Bihar.

With decreasing incidence of cervical pathology in western world due to increasing awareness and screening programme. Contrary to it in India and developing countries cervical lesion, particularly cervical carcinoma is the leading cause of increasing morbidity, mortality and financial burden on society. The present study is an insight into the epidemiological profile of cervical lesion on Pap smear and histopathology finding in Kosi region of Bihar. The study was carried over the period of 2 years 8 months. Total 154 patients were enrolled in this study and were analysed for age, socio-economic status, parity, age at first pregnancy and symptoms using Pap smear with histopathological finding of cervical lesions. Data were analysed of which 79.23% (122) patients were in age groups 21-40 years, 72.08% (111) were from low socio-economic status, and 70.78% (109) were with parity 4 and more. 66.88% (103) patients delivered their first child below 20 years of age. 69.49% (107) patients presented with foul smelling vaginal discharge and pelvic pain. On pap smear and histopathological findings preinvasive (dysplasia, LGSIL, HGSIL) and invasive stage (carcinoma) constituted 26.61% (41) cases. The epidemiological pattern of cervical lesion in kosi region of Bihar is different from other study with presentation in younger age groups, high parity and markedly increased incidence of premalignant and malignant lesion on pap smear and histopathology findings.