ABSTRACT
Objectives@#It is critical to assess community readiness (CR) when implementing childhood obesity prevention programs to ensure their eventual success and sustainability. Multiple tools have been developed based on various conceptions of readiness. One of the most widely used and flexible tools is based on the community readiness model (CRM). This study aimed to adapt the CRM and assess the validity of a community readiness tool (CRT) for childhood obesity prevention programs in Iran. @*Methods@#A Delphi study that included 26 individuals with expertise in 8 different subject areas was conducted to adapt the CRM into a theoretical framework for developing a CRT. After linguistic validation was conducted for a 35-question CR interview guide, the modified interview guide was evaluated for its content and face validity. The quantitative and qualitative analyses were performed using Stata version 13 and MAXQDA 2010, respectively. @*Results@#The Delphi panelists confirmed the necessity/appropriateness and adequacy of all 6 CRM dimensions. The Persian version of the interview guide was then modified based on the qualitative results of the Delphi study, and 2 more questions were added to the community climate dimension of the original CRT. All questions in the modified version had acceptable content and face validity. The final CR interview guide included 37 questions across 6 CRM dimensions. @*Conclusions@#By adapting the CRM and confirming linguistic, content, and face validity, the present study devised a CRT for childhood obesity prevention programs that can be used in relevant studies in Iran.
ABSTRACT
Background: There is no convenient cheap pragmatic experimental model for Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease [NAFLD]/Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis [NASH]. We aimed to create a pragmatic model of NAFLD/NASH
Method: Sprague-Dawley rats were fed a high-fat, high sugar homemade diet ad libitum for seven weeks. The high-fat, high sugar diet included 59% of energy derived from fat, 30% from carbohydrates, and 11% from protein. Serum levels of fasting glucose, triglyceride, cholesterol, liver enzymes, insulin, and hepatic tumor necrosis factor-alpha [TNF-alpha] gene expression were determined. Hepatic histology was examined by H and E stain
Results: Rats fed the high-fat, high sugar diet developed hepatic steatosis, and a moderate inflammation, which was associated with increased serum levels of liver enzymes, glucose, insulin, triglyceride, cholesterol, and hepatic TNF-alpha gene expression
Conclusion: This rat model resembles the key features of human NAFLD/NASH and provides a simple pragmatic experimental model for elucidating the disease prevention and treatment