Some aspects of the use of oral contraceptives as growth-promoting agents in poultry

There are now several hormone and hormone-like agents that can improve the rate of growth and efficiency of feed use of farm animals. Feeding chickens with oral contraceptive steroids at the dose used by some poultry growers in Egypt has led to the formation of high estrogen residues in the muscles and the liver compared with controls. Electron microscopy of the livers of treated chickens revealed changes at the ultrastructural level. These alterations involve both the nucleus and cytoplasmic organelles, and are similar to those induced by 7, 12 dimethylbenz [a] anthracene in chickens. It is concluded that the use of oral contraceptive steroids in chickens as anabolic agent is a specific risk to chickens and probably to the consumer

Achondrogenesis: report of a case

A case of achondrogenesis diagnosed on ultrasonography and confirmed postnatally was presented. The role of ultrasound in the diagnosis and management of these cases was discussed

construction of a standard symphysis pubis-uterine fundus distance chart for pregnant Egyptian women

A standard chart for the symphysis pubis-uterine fundus distance in 100 pregnant Egyptian women with uncomplicated pregnancies and deliveries was constructed. An early ultrasound scan was used as the reference point. Individual charts were also constructed for primipara and multipara as well as tables for women delivering of male or female babies. These charts offer a simple and practical method for screening the small for dates fetuses when used in the antenatal clinic

study of urinary oestrogen glucuronides in spontaneous and induced ovarian cycles

The concentrations of estrone-3-glycuronide [E-1-G], estradiol-17-beta glycuronide [E-2-G] and estradiol-16-alpha glycuronide [E-3-G] in serial samples of early morning urine [EMU] were determined in 15 spontaneous cycles, 10 cycles in women treated with human menopausal gonadotrophins [HMG]. The results showed that there was a defined pattern for all three metabolites similar to the pattern of estradiol in plasma and that their concentrations in stimulated cycles were significantly higher than in spontaneous cycles. It was concluded that the measurement of these metabolites in samples of early morning urine offers simple and practical methods for the biochemical monitoring of folliculogenesis in spontaneous and induced ovarian cycles

Effect of cord clamping time and cord milking on hematological parameters of the newborn

The effect of delaying cord clamping and milking of the umbilical cord on some hematological parameters of the newborn were studied in 100 uncomplicated vaginal deliveries. The results showed that increasing the time of cord clamping beyond the cessation of cord pulsations [i.e. Up to placental separation] together with milking of the cord result in a higher hemoglobin concentration, a higher red cell count, a higher hematocrit percentage and a lower reticulocyte percentage in the newborn. The same practice showed no effect on the white cell count, the mean corpuscular volume, the mean corpuscular hemoglobin, the mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration or the color index. It was suggested that delaying the time of cord clamping beyond placental separation together with milking of the cord should be performed in all uncomplicated vaginal deliveries in order to prevent the occurrence of iron deficiency anemia of the newborn and hence reduce neonatal mortality and morbidity

use of the symphysis-fundus distance chart as a screening test for the diagnosis of intrauterine growth retardation

A standard chart for the symphysis pubis-uterine fundus [S-F] distance was compared to a single ultrasound measurement of the fetal biparietal diameter [BPD] performed between 32 and 34 weeks, for the diagnosis of small for dates [SFD] and large for dates [LFD] fetuses in 100 women with high risk pregnancies. The weight of the newborn was taken as the reference point. The results showed that the S-F distance was superior to the BPD in the diagnosis of SFD babies [85.71% compared to 57.14%] as well as in the diagnosis of LFD babies [100% compared to 38.46%]. Both methods were equally accurate in diagnosing the appropriate for dates [AFD] fetuses [71.67% and 73.33%, respectively]. Both methods had a similar incidence to false positive results [17% and 18% respectively], but the BPD had a higher incidence of false negative results [20%] compared to the S-F distance method [2%]

Ultrasonography in the prenatal diagnosis of Meckel-Gruber syndrome: report of a case

A case of Meckel-Gruber syndrome was diagnosed on ultrasonography. Termination of pregnancy was carried out with postmortem confirmation of the diagnosis. The role of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of this syndrome was discussed

Ultrasound measurement of ovarian volume a possible screening test for ovarian cancer

The volume of the ovary was determined by ultrasonography as well as by direct measurement during laparotomy in 20 women. The results showed a good correlation between both measurements. This fact was used to establish normal ovarian volumes in the follicle- bearing ovary and the contralateral ovary in different phases of the menstrual cycle in 30 normal subjects. The same method was used to determine the normal range of ovarian volume in another group of 30 postmenopausal women. An age specific ovarian volume table was also constructed. The possibility of using serial measurement of ovarian volumes by ultrasound as a screening test for ovarian cancer was raised

ultrasound study of folliculogenesis in spontaneous and induced ovarian cycles

144 ovarian cycles were studied by serial ultrasound scanning of the follicles. The cycles included 30 cycles with spontaneous ovulation, 41 cycles in women using clomiphene citrate and 73 cycles in women treated with human menopausal gonadotrophins [57 menstrual and 16 conceptional cycles]. The results showed that there was a significantly higher incidence of follicular development of multiple ovulations and in observing the corpus luteum in clomiphene citrate and HMG-treated cycles. The maximum follicular diameter and the maximum diameter of the corpus luteum were not significantly different between spontaneous and induced cycles. There was also no statistically significant difference in the number of growing follicles, those reaching the pre-ovulatory size, the number of double ovulations or in the incidence of observing the corpus luteum between HMG induced cycles which resulted in pregnancy [conceptional cycles] and those which resulted in menstruation [menstrual cycles]

comparison between three non-invasive methods for the prediction and detection of ovulation

Three groups of noninvasive methods for monitoring ovarian function were compared regarding their ability to predict ovulation and detect ovulation. The three groups included serial ultrasound scanning of ovarian follicles, the serial measurement of oestrone-3-glucuronide [E-3-G], pregnanediol-3- alpha glucuronide [Pd-3-G] and LH in samples of early morning urine [EMU] as well as the serial measurement of estradiol [E2] and progesterone [P] in early morning saliva [EMS]. The results showed that ultrasonography was the most reliable index for early prediction of ovulation, LH the most reliable index for the immediate prediction of ovulation and that salivary progesterone and Pd-3-G in EMU were equally reliable for the detection of ovulation

Cordocentesis in the management of non-immune hydrops fetalis: report of a case

A case of non immune hydrops fetalis presenting at 22 weeks of pregnancy was studied by detailed analysis of the fetal blood obtained by ultrasound guided cordocentesis. The fetus who had alpha thalassemia could not be salvaged