Preparation of gluten - free diet mixture for infants suffering from Celiac disease

Cassava tubers, chick pea, soybean, peanut, sesame, rice flours and skim milk were used for preparing 2 food mixtures [gluten free] for children suffering from celiac disease. The 2 mixtures were compared with the market gluten free diet [Rizini]. The diets were subjected to chemical analysis and biological evaluation. Results indicated that fat content was the same in the prepared diets. Amino acids analysis showed that most of the essential amino acids are present in optimal concentration in mixture [I and II] except the total sulfur amino acids and tryptophan which were found to be the limiting amino acids in the mixtures. Lysine is present in high values compared with that of FAO provisional pattern and whole egg. On the other hand, market diet is deficient in lysine. Results of biological evaluation indicated that mixture II showed better net protein utilization [NPU] and biological value [BV] than the other 2 diets

Nutritional quality of local low-cost food supplemented for infant feeding

3 new protein-rich food mixtures from plant protein sources were used for infant feeding. The nutritive value was evaluated by means of chemical and biological assay. The protein content ranged from 19.65 to 23%], calories from 348 to 366, 9.1 - 16.2 mg% iron and 368 - 470 mg% phosphorus, which fulfill his physiological requirement. The essential amino acids are presented in increasing amounts when compared with that of FAO provisional pattern. Available lysine showed that processing had an effect on the availability of lysine. The PER values varied between 1.98 and 2.37, while that of casein was 2.5. Serum proteins and serum albumin levels of rats fed on mixture I was the highest followed by mixtures II and III. Free fatty acid content remained unchanged when the mixtures stored at 4C except mixture III showed negligible increasing values after 2 months of storage. The peroxide value of the stored samples remained unchanged during the whole period of storage [3 months], indicating that no further oxidation of rancidity has been occurred

Inter-relationship between vitamin D deficiency and diet restriction in rats

This experiment was conducted to try to investigate the interrelationship between vitamin D deficiency and malnutrition and their effect on growth, whether occurring solely or combined. Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats weighed 110 + 5 gm were used in this study. They were divided into four nutritional groups according to the diet served. The first group, control [C], comprised six rats, received the basal diet [diet A] ad libitum, and the second group [M + D], received the same diet in restricted amounts. The third and fourth groups received the rachitogenic diet [diet B], that contained only 0.47% calcium and 0.3% phosphorus, and were not supplemented by vitamin D. The third group R, received diet B ad libitum, while the fourth group, M-D received it in restricted amounts. The experiment lasted for six weeks after which period all animals were weighed and sacrificed by exsanguination under ether anesthesia. The results showed that the vitamin D deficient group R, had a reduce weight gain, 46.6 gm, when compared to the control group, C, 85.7 gm [P < 0.05], though fed ad libitum. The decreased food intake was not enough to explain the decrease in weight gain. The food efficiency ratio for the control group was higher than the R group. The results also showed that in spite of low calcium intake, the plasma calcium concentration was not much reduced in the M + D, R, and M-D groups. The phosphorus intake was markedly reduced in the latter three groups and the plasma level was only mildly affected than in the control group [P <0.05]. The 25-OHD3 level was not only reduced in the D deficient groups but it was found to be also reduced in the M + D group which is receiving vitamin D, calcium and phosphorus sufficient diet [P <0.001] for the D-deficient groups and [P <0.-5] for the M + D group, when compared to the control group