In vitro antimicrobial activity of propolis, BioPure MTAD, sodium hypochlorite, and chlorhexidine on Enterococcus faecalis and Candida albicans

To evaluate the antimicrobial effect by measuring the minimum inhibitory concentration [MIC] and minimum bactericidal concentration [MBC] of propolis, BioPure MTAD, 5% sodium hypochlorite [NaOCl], and 2% chlorhexidine [CHX] on Enterococcus faecalis [E. faecalis] and Candida albicans [C. albicans] in vitro. This study was performed in the Faculty of Dentistry and Pharmacy at Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey from February to April 2010. Ethanol extract of propolis [EEP] was prepared from propolis collected from Kayseri, Turkey, and proper media for microorganisms were prepared using sterile broth medium to give final concentrations between 0.002-2.4 mg/ml for propolis, 0.000125-0.512 mg/ml for CHX, and 1:2-1:4096 dilutions for NaOCl and BioPure MTAD. Using the macrobroth dilution method, MIC, and MBC values of irrigants on the growth of E. faecalis and C albicans were determined. Propolis and other irrigants were found to be effective on C. albicans and E. faecalis. Propolis and NaOCl were more effective in lower concentrations on C albicans than on E. faecalis. In contrast, CHX and MTAD were more effective in lower concentrations on E. faecalis than on C. albicans. Propolis showed antimicrobial activity against E. faecalis and C. albicans. It appears that propolis is an effective intracanal irrigant in eradicating E. faecalis and C albicans

Bacterial adhesion of porphyromonas gingivalis on provisional fixed prosthetic materials

When provisional restorations are worn for long term period, the adhesion of bacteria becomes a primary factor in the development of periodontal diseases. The aims of this study were to evaluate the surface roughness and bacterial adhesion of four different provisional fixed prosthodontic materials. Ten cylindrical specimens were prepared from bis-acrylic composites [PreVISION CB and Protemp 3 Garant], a light-polymerized composite [Revotek LC], and a polymethyl methacrylate-based [Dentalon] provisional fixed prosthodontic materials. Surface roughness was assessed by profilometry. The bacterial adhesion test was applied using Porphyromonas gingivalis [P. gingivalis] and spectrofluorometric method. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA and Dunnett t-tests. All tested materials were significantly rougher than glass [P < 0.05]. Revotek LC had the greatest fluorescence intensity, Pre VISION and Protemp 3 Garant had moderate values and all of them had significantly more bacterial adhesion compared to glass [P < 0.05]. Dentalon had the lowest fluorescence intensity among the provisional fixed prosthodontic materials. The quantity of bacterial adhesion and surface roughness differed among the assessed provisional fixed prosthodontic materials. The light-polymerized provisional material Revotek LC had rougher surface and more bacterial adhesion compared with the others