ABSTRACT
Objective:Exposure to pollutants may induce aggravation of asthma in children through various ways.Ambient black carbon(BC)is a typical pollutant in Northeast China, and there has been no research report on the relationship between atmospheric BC exposure and childhood asthma in Northeast China.This study is to investigate the association between the atmospheric concentration of BC and hospital visits of daily childhood asthma.Methods:During the period of January 1 to August 31 in 2019, 52 653 hospital visits of childhood asthma children were recorded in several hospitals in Shenyang.A time series analysis was conducted to explore the relationship between the atmospheric concentration of BC and hospital visits of daily childhood asthma.Results:During the study period, the total number of children with asthma in outpatient and emergency departments in Shenyang was 52 653, the average concentration of BC was 2.58 mg/m 3.Increased concentrations of BC(2.00~10.03 mg/m 3)( RR=1.17, 95% CI: 1.07~1.28)and NO 2(0~88 μg/m 3)( RR=1.21, 95% CI: 1.06~ 1.39)were significantly associated with elevated number of childhood asthma in outpatient and emergency departments( P< 0.05). The highest cumulative effect of increased pollutants on children′s asthma within 10 days was BC( RR=1.60, 95% CI: 1.23~2.08). Conclusion:There is a positive association between BC concentration and hospital visits of childhood asthma, the accumulative effect of BC on childhood asthma is greater than other pollutants.
ABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate the effect of 24-hour continuous feeding by pump on gastrointestinal dysfunction and early growth of very low birth weight infants (VLBWI).Methods:Eighty VLBWI fed by tube in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) of Fuyang Women and Children′s Hospital, Anhui Province from January 2017 to June 2019, were retrospectively analyzed.They were randomly divided into the observation group and the control group according to the simple randomization method, 40 cases in each group.The observation group included 23 males and 17 females, with the gestational age of 28 + 2-33 + 5 weeks, and birth weight of 1.04-1.47 kg.The control group included 21 males and 19 females, with the gestational age of 28 + 1-33 + 5 weeks, and birth weight of 1.05 -1.47 kg.On the basis of giving both groups routine treatment, nursing, and non-nutritional sucking, the control group was treated with intermittent tube feeding and infusion of formula milk, while the observation group was microfed 24 h continuously by pump.The general situation, meconium discharge time, frequency of daily defecation, daily milk volume, gastrointestinal dysfunction, increase of body weight after birth, and neonatal behavioral neurological assessment (NBNA) at 40 weeks of gestational age were compared between the two groups.The increase of body mass after birth and the determination of neonatal behavioral neurological assessment (NBNA) in neonatal behavioral nerve at 40 weeks of gestational age were statistically analyzed by χ2 test and t test. Results:(1)There were no significant differences in sex, gestational age, birth weight, head circumference and body length between the 2 groups (all P>0.05). (2) Compared with the control group, the premature infants in the observation group had increased daily milk volume [(12.95±2.34) g/d vs.(10.08±2.08) g/d], shortened meconium discharge time [(3.90±0.84) d vs.(5.02±0.86) d], and higher frequency of daily defecation[(3.85±1.07) times/d vs.(3.00±0.81) times/d], shortened extubation time[(14.75±3.20) d vs.(16.80±3.08) d], shortened time of weight to loss to minimum[(3.38±0.86) d vs.(4.22±0.89) d], faster growth of the daily average body weight[(15.25±2.29) g/(kg·d) vs.(11.55±1.56) g/(kg·d)], shortened average hospitalization time [(35.58±8.29) d vs.(39.42±8.29) d], and faster increase of the head circumference[(35.23±2.40) cm vs.(33.74±1.63) cm]. The differences were statistically significant ( t=5.805, -5.907, 3.981, -2.918, -2.825, 3.890, -2.060, 3.233, all P<0.05). (3)The incidence of vomiting, abdominal distension, hypoglycemia and hyperbilirubinemia in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group ( χ2=5.000, 16.050, 5.165, 14.528, all P<0.05). (4) There was no significant difference in necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and dyspnea between the two groups ( χ2=1.438, 10.251, all P>0.05). The total scores of behavioral ability, passive muscle tension, active muscle tension, primitive reflex, general evaluation and NBNA in the observation group were higher than those in the control group, the difference was statistically significant ( t=5.026, 3.207, 3.000, 2.421, 3.150, 6.141, all P<0.05). Conclusions:Twenty-four-hour continuous feeding by pump combined with non-nutritious sucking can significantly reduce the occurrence of gastrointestinal dysfunction in VLBWI, promote the development and maturation of gastrointestinal function, improve the nutritional status, accelerate the physical growth, and thus facilitate the development of behavioral nerve.
ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the establishment and application of a centralized purchase and distribution mode for medical instruments.Methods The centralized purchase and distribution mode was constructed based on the professional distributor and logistics team,and the application of medical instruments intra-hospital supply,processing and distribution (SPD) system was analyzed in the centralized purchase.Results Centralized purchase and distribution enhanced management efficiency and decreased inventory cost,and SPD system simplified the distribution mode and increased transport efficacy.Conclusion It's pointed out that professional logistics services be introduced to assist hospitals in centralized purchase and distribution.
ABSTRACT
Objective To develop a medical equipment purchase and audit supervision system to promote medical equipment purchase.Methods The system was developed with C/S architecture,Windows XP system and above as the development platform,SQL Server 2005 as the database management system and PowerBuilder 9 as the development tool.There were 5 modules composing the system,including the ones for plan application and management,expert database management,veudor database management,purchase approval as well as audit and supervision.Results The system realized whole-course management of medical equipment purchase and carried out audit supervision based on data analysis,which simplified working flow,increased working efficiency and decreased purchase risks.Conclusion The system promotes the communication between the departments,and contributes to enhancing medical equipment purchase,audit supervision and risk prevention.
ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the role of the medical engineering department in integration of the health care,nursing and medical technology departments.Methods The medical engineering department and integration of health care,nursing and medical technology departments were introduced from the aspects of concept,role,characteristic,working mode and etc.Results The medical engineering department contributed to enhancing medical service,medical safety and patient satisfaction,while the role needed strengthening.Conclusion Some measures are put forward to the medical engineering department during integration of health care,nursing and medical technology departments from the aspects of department positioning,examination and assessment,management mode and etc.
ABSTRACT
This paper introduces the present situation of condition monitoring of medical devices, states main methods of condition monitoring and puts forward the application strategies in hospitals briefly.
ABSTRACT
This article reviews the principle of electrical impedance tomography imaging and measurement system; focuses on electrical impedance tomography imaging detection system of incentive mode and several typical image reconstruction algorithm of electrical impedance imaging; and objectively compares and effectively evaluates several image reconstruction algorithm.
Subject(s)
Algorithms , Electric Impedance , Image Processing, Computer-Assisted , TomographyABSTRACT
The necessity to apply medical devices properly was introduced, and the present situation of the application of hospital medical devices were discussed from the aspects of overuse, abuse, operation and supervision. Some countermeasures were put forward to solve the problems in the application of hospital medical devices. It's pointed out that the application of hospital medical devices tends to be standardized with the progress of medical reformation, the attention on medical devices management, the supervision and etc.
ABSTRACT
Wearable health monitoring systems that use wearable biosensors capturing human motion and physiological parameters, to achieve the wearer's movement and health management needs. Wearable health monitoring system is a noninvasive continuous detection of human physiological information, data wireless transmission and real-time processing capabilities of integrated system, can satisfy physiological condition monitoring under the condition of low physiological and psychological load. This paper first describes the wearable health monitoring system structure and the relevant technology applied to wearable health monitoring system, and focuses on the current research work what we have done associated with wearable monitoring that wearable respiration and ECG acquisition and construction of electric multi-parameter body area network. Finally, the wearable monitoring system for the future development direction is put forward a simple expectation.
Subject(s)
Humans , Equipment Design , Monitoring, Ambulatory , MovementABSTRACT
Objective:To improve the medical equipment timely filing rate.Methods: Through the literature reference and practical work experience, based on the research of medical equipment archives management content, problems, solutions.Results: According to the comprehensive analysis of the literature in recent years is introduced and all levels of hospital medical equipment archives management and practice management work experience, summarizes the paper, summarized and further improve the management of medical equipment archives.Conclusion:To improve the timely filing rate, improve the utilization of archives, and find out the existing problems of hospital medical equipment archives management, the medical equipment archives play a major role in the practical work.
ABSTRACT
Objective:To discuss the safety capability and defending technologies for military First-aid equipments of the army under complex electromagnetic environment.Methods:This paper analyzed the current status researching of the defending technologies for military First-aid medical equipments of the army,expatiated on the effect mechanism of the high power electromagnetic radiation on the medical equipment,and discussed the defending and reinforcing technologies.Results:The current military First-aid medical equipments of the army are of a sort defending capability,and it will have important significance to strengthen the study on the anti-electromagnetic interference technologies.Conclusion:The defending and reinforcing technologies discussed in this paper could enhance the subsistence capability of the military First-aid equipments under complex electromagnetic environments.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To eliminate the noise merged in bowel sounds and extract the time-domain features of the main signal. Methods: In this paper, the principles of Independent Conponent Analysis (ICA) were investigated; the algorithm of Fast ICA was discussed; the step of ICA was given. Then we processed the bowel sounds with this method, and extracted the time-domain features with normalized average Shannon energy, representative differences were found between the normal and abnormal signals. Results: The noise merged in bowel sounds is eliminated and there are statistical differences between the normal and abnormal bowel sounds. Conclusions: Detection and analysis of bowel sounds has important value in the diagnosis and cure of gastrointestinal diseases, the experimental results show that ICA is an effective method for processing bowel sounds.
ABSTRACT
The detection and analysis of bowel sounds are of importance to the diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal diseases. In this paper are summarized the recent advances in the detection and analysis as well as in the application of new techniques to monitoring bowel sounds. Several methods, including spectrum analysis, adaptive filtering, wavelet transform, principal component analysis, and artificial neutral network are mainly introduced. All of them are promising for feature extraction and automatic classification of bowel sounds.
Subject(s)
Humans , Algorithms , Gastrointestinal Motility , Physiology , Neural Networks, Computer , Principal Component Analysis , Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted , Sound , Sound Spectrography , MethodsABSTRACT
The feature of HPM(high-power microwave) and its effect are briefly introduced.The destroying mechanism of HPM to different electronic medical equipment is described in detail.The reinforcement of HPM and effective measures are discussed.It is crucial to study the effects of high-power microwave radiation on military electronic equipment due to wide application of HPM in future military actions.