ABSTRACT
Uterine anomalies are congenital malformations arising due to embryological mal-development of mullerian ducts. The European society of Human Reproduction and Embryology (ESHRE) classifies these anomalies into 6 classes. Hemi-uterus is one such class of formation defect of mullerian duct with unilateral uterine development; the contralateral part could be either incompletely formed or absent. In a rare form of ectopic pregnancy, implantation can occur in the cavity of a rudimentary horn of the hemi-uterus. Authors report a case of 22-year G2P1L1 with 12 weeks gestation who presented with acute abdomen. Ultrasound showed hemoperitoneum with suspicion of ectopic pregnancy. Laparotomy confirmed the diagnosis of ruptured right rudimentary horn with fetus and placenta in the peritoneal cavity. Immediate laparotomy and excision of the horn with transfusion of blood and blood products saved the patient in the nick of time.
ABSTRACT
Background: The present study aims to find out age and gender prevalence of different anatomical positions ofappendix in acute appendicitis in a tertiary care hospital in chennai. Appendix may be placed in differentpositions, but the base of appendix is connected to the cecum. Based on the variations in the positions, appendixis classified into six types: retrocecal, pelvic, subcecal, paraileal, retroileal and subhepatic.Materials and methods: This study was done over a period of 1 year from June 2018 to June 2019 in 75 patients.Anatomical location of appendix was studied in acute appendicitis in different age groups and gender populations.Result: This study was conducted on 75 cases consisting of 40 (53%) males and 35(47%) females. Males weremore in number than females. Clinically diagnosed acute appendicitis cases were subjected to CT abdomen.Anatomical locations of the appendix were as follows: Retrocecal position was most commonly seen in 32individuals (43%), Pelvic in 25 individuals (33%), Subcecal in 10 individuals (13%), Postileal in 6 individuals(8%) and preileal in 2 individuals (3%). The incidence was more common in the age group of 31 to 40 years(33%).Conclusion: Retrocecal position is the most common location in our patients. CT is a good diagnostic indicatorfor acute appendicitis. As appendix is the most variable organ in the abdomen these findings are helpful forsurgeon to operate during appendicitis.
ABSTRACT
Background: The development of antibiotic resistance has become a global health challenge which is causing ineffectiveness of the available antibacterial agents leading to increase in diseases and death rate. Therefore this study intends to investigate the antibacterial action of Aqueous Garlic Extract (AGE) against 9 multidrug-resistant gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial isolates, including Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus species, ß hemolytic streptococcus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Vibrio cholerae and Serretia marscenes. Methods: Antibacterial activity of different concentrations of AGE by well-diffusion method was recorded by measuring the diameter of zone of inhibition. The Tamil Nadu garlic cloves as well as Jowai region garlic cloves showed antibacterial activity against both GPC and GNR. Results: The maximum zone of inhibition was observed in Tamil Nadu garlic than that of Jowai region, but the only bacteria which showed a better zone of inhibition with Jowai region than Tamil Nadu garlic was Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Conclusion: Thus our study reveals that garlic not only makes the food more spicy & edible with its flavour but can also be used as an effective antibacterial agents against MDR gram positive & gram negative bacteria.