ABSTRACT
Statement of the Problem: A great challenge in periodontal therapy is the regeneration enhancement of osseous defects through applying osteoinductive materials. Demineralized freeze-dried bone allograft [DFDBA] has already been introduced as an allograft with osteoconductive and variable osteoinductive properties. Calcium hydroxide [Ca[OH]2] is an available well-known material in dentistry, which induces hard tissue formation
Purpose: This study evaluated the efficiency of combination of DFDBA and Ca[OH]2 in improving the quality of osteoinduction of DFDBA
Materials and Method: Human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells were taken from volunteers' iliac crest. Cell proliferation was determined by MTT test at 18, 24 and 48 hours post-culture in 10 groups. The employed material were 0.5, 1.0 mg/ml Ca[OH]2 in two forms of suspension and pH-adjusted solution, 10mg/ml DFDBA per se and in combination with 0.5 and 1.0 mg/ml Ca[OH]2. Mineralization was assessed by Alizarin red staining in 10 mg/ml DFDBA, DFDBA+ 0.5 and 1 mg/ml Ca[OH]2 in solution and suspension forms. The data were statistically analyzed by using one-way ANOVA and Tukey's post-hoc test [p< 0.05]
Results: The pH-adjusted solutions exhibited better cell proliferation compared with the suspension groups. The combination of 0.5mg/ml Ca[OH]2 solution and DFDBA increased the cell proliferation and mineralization compared with DFDBA per se [p= 0.033]
Conclusion: The combination of Ca[OH]2 with DFDBA improved the osteoinductivity of DFDBA
ABSTRACT
Statement of the Problem: Dental caries is one the most prevalent diseases that affects humans throughout their lives. Streptococcus mutans [S. mutans] is recognized as the most important microorganism during tooth cariogenicity. Reducing this germ in oral cavity can reduce the rate of tooth decays in humans
Purpose: The present study compared the antimicrobial activity of ethanolic extract of Peganum harmala L. seeds and 0.2% chlorhexidine on S. mutans
Materials and Method: Agar diffusion technique and micro broth dilution method were employed to test the antimicrobial effects of these two agents on S. mutans. Moreover, the cytotoxicity of ethanolic extract of P. harmala was studied on Vero cells by MTT [thiazolyl blue tetrazolium dye] colorimetric method. The data were analyzed with descriptive methods
Results: Concentrations of 50, 25, and 12.5 mg/mL of the extract made inhibition zones of bacterial growth around the wells; but, lower concentrations could not inhibit the growth of S. mutans. Besides, the antimicrobial effect of 0.2% chlorhexidine was more than 50 mg/mL of the extract. Minimum inhibitory concentration [MIC] of the extract on S. mutans was 1.83 +/- 0.6 mg/mL and minimum bactericidal concentration [MBC] was 4.3 +/- 1 mg/mL. The MIC and MBC for 0.2% chlorhexidine were reported to be 0.19 mg/mL, and 0.78 mg/mL, respectively. The extract concentrations more than 0.5 mg/mL were toxic and caused more than 50% Vero cell death
Conclusion: Despite the remarkable antimicrobial effects of high concentrations of P. harmala on S. mutans, high cell toxicity of this plant would restrict its in vivo therapeutic use