ABSTRACT
Hypercalcemia commonly occurs because of primary hyperparathyroidism and metastatic malignancies, such as multiple myeloma, breast cancer and lung cancer; these causes account for 90% of cases. The other causes of hypercalcemia are numerous, and immobilization is an under-appreciated etiology. The mechanisms underlying immobilization-induced hypercalcemia are uncertain. However, an overall increased osteoclastic bone resorption and decreased osteoblastic bone formation can induce hypercalciuria and hypercalcemia. Additionally, hypercalcemia can induce and be associated with acute kidney injury, but it is rarely reported in immobilization hypercalcemia. We report here a 58-year-old man with suspected immobilization hypercalcemia associated with acute kidney injury and treated successfully with glucocorticoids.
Subject(s)
Humans , Middle Aged , Acute Kidney Injury , Bone Resorption , Breast Neoplasms , Glucocorticoids , Hypercalcemia , Hypercalciuria , Hyperparathyroidism, Primary , Immobilization , Lung , Multiple Myeloma , Osteoblasts , Osteoclasts , OsteogenesisABSTRACT
Hypercalcemia commonly occurs because of primary hyperparathyroidism and metastatic malignancies, such as multiple myeloma, breast cancer and lung cancer; these causes account for 90% of cases. The other causes of hypercalcemia are numerous, and immobilization is an under-appreciated etiology. The mechanisms underlying immobilization-induced hypercalcemia are uncertain. However, an overall increased osteoclastic bone resorption and decreased osteoblastic bone formation can induce hypercalciuria and hypercalcemia. Additionally, hypercalcemia can induce and be associated with acute kidney injury, but it is rarely reported in immobilization hypercalcemia. We report here a 58-year-old man with suspected immobilization hypercalcemia associated with acute kidney injury and treated successfully with glucocorticoids.
Subject(s)
Humans , Middle Aged , Acute Kidney Injury , Bone Resorption , Breast Neoplasms , Glucocorticoids , Hypercalcemia , Hypercalciuria , Hyperparathyroidism, Primary , Immobilization , Lung , Multiple Myeloma , Osteoblasts , Osteoclasts , OsteogenesisABSTRACT
Renal artery pseudoaneurysm is an uncommon disease. A 47-year-old man complained of recently developed gross hematuria and left flank pain. The initial laboratory study and radiographic evaluation revealed acute pyelonephritis. After the treatment with antibiotics, gross hematuria was resolved and the patient was discharged. However, he revisited with repeated gross hematuria and throbbing left flank pain. The renal angiography revealed left intra-renal arterial pseudoaneurysm. Angiographic embolization by glue injection was successfully performed. Thereafter, gross hematuria and flank pain were disappeared. We report a successful glue embolization of intra-renal artery pseudoaneurym associated with acute pyelonephritis.
Subject(s)
Humans , Middle Aged , Adhesives , Aneurysm, False , Angiography , Anti-Bacterial Agents , Arteries , Flank Pain , Hematuria , Pyelonephritis , Renal ArteryABSTRACT
Oral sodium phosphate is commonly used to evacuate the colon and rectum before colonoscopy or colorectal surgery. However, this substance is known to cause electrolyte abnormalities including hyponatremia. The hyponatremic patient usually presents with headache, nausea, vomiting and confusion, but can also present with non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema, seizure and rhabdomyolysis. However, non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema, seizure and rhabdomyolysis caused by hyponatremia associated with bowel preparation have only rarely been reported. We report a case of severe complications including non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema, seizure and rhabdomyolysis associated with hyponatremia following ingestion of sodium phosphate for colonoscopy in a 41-year-old healthy male.