Prevalence of color-vision deficiency among male high-school students

@#Objective This study determined the prevalence of color-vision deficiency among male high-school students in a public school. Methods Male high-school students were screened for color-vision deficiency using 6 plates of the Ishihara pseudoisochromatic plates. All students with one or more errors were reexamined at a later date with the full 15 Ishihara plates and the Farnsworth D15 (FD15) test. A detailed history was taken and an ocular examination was conducted. Students who identified less than 10 plates correctly on the FD15 were classified as color-deficient and underwent the Farnsworth Munsell 100 hue (FM 100) test. The results were statistically analyzed. Results A total of 1,258 male high-school students, aged 12 to 16 years, were included in the study, 122 of whom failed the screening test. Of these, 106 completed the 15 Ishihara plates. Sixty-five failed and were classified as color-visiondeficient, of which 64 (98%) were deutans. Deutan was also the most common deficiency determined using the FD15 (78.95%) and FM100 (44.19 %) hue tests. Conclusion The prevalence of color-vision deficiency among male students in a public high school was 5.17% (65/1,258). The most common deficiency was the deutan type.

Results of initial screening for retinopathy of prematurity at a tertiary hospital

Objective@#To determine the prevalence and severity of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and its associated factors on initial examination of infants screened at a tertiary hospital.@*Methods@#A descriptive retrospective study was done using clinical charts of infants screened for ROP at a tertiary hospital from January 2007 to August 2009. Results of the initial examination were collated and analyzed.@*Results@#A total of 112 eyes of 56 infants were screened. Upon initial examination, 21(18.75%) eyes of 11 infants were positive for ROP. Of these, 14 (12.5%) eyes of 8 infants had severe ROP warranting laser or surgical intervention. Sixty-nine (61.6%) eyes of 35 infants had immature retina, while 22 (19.64%) eyes of 11 infants had mature retina. Three (2.68%) eyes had stage 5 ROP. The infants with stage 5 ROP had mean gestational age of 28 6/7 weeks by LMP and mean birth weight of 1,282 grams. The positive cases were most commonly associated with oxygen exposure (100%), sepsis (85.71%), and blood transfusion (80.95%).@*Conclusion@#The finding of more than half of the positive cases warranting laser or surgical interventions on initial examination merits re-evaluation of screening recommendations and their timing.