ABSTRACT
Objetivo Estimar la percepción de los pacientes sobre la atención médica en el primer nivel de atención. Metodología Se aplicó una encuesta telefónica a pacientes atendidos en dos meses diferentes del 2012, indagando por variables sociodemográficas, relaciones médico-paciente y acerca del proceso de atención médica. Resultados Se encuestaron 804 pacientes. El tiempo promedio de acceso a la atención fue de 9,6 días. El 78% refiere haber podido contar todo lo que sentía al médico, el 60% que el médico le explicó lo que tenía y, uno de cuatro,que indagó por su familia. El 30% sintió alivio completo luego de la atención médica. La calificación promedio de la atención médica fue de 7,9 (DE ±1,7). Las variables relacionadas con las calificaciones más altas fueron: Poder contarle todo al médico (OR 7,5IC 95% 1,8-31), ser examinado (OR7,5 IC 95% 1,5-38,5, explicarle quétiene (OR 5,2IC 95% 1,8-15), preguntar por la familia (OR 5,8 IC 95% 2,1-16,1)y haberlo atendido antes (OR 3,5 IC 95% 1,4-8,6). Conclusiones La comunicación extensa con el paciente es tan importante como el enfrentar la enfermedad en el acto médico.(AU)
Objective To assess outpatients perceptions of medical care. Methodology A telephone survey was administered to patients treated in two different months in 2012 with a focus on socio-demographic variables, access to care, physician-patient relationships, and on the process of medical care. Results 804 patients were surveyed. The average time of access to care was 9.6 days. 78 % reported having been able to tell the doctor everything that they felt, 60 % reported that the doctor explained what they had, and one in four patients said that the doctor asked about their families. 30 % felt complete relief after medical care. The average rating of care was 7.9 (SD ±1.7). Variables related to the highest ratings were: having been able to tell that doctor everything that they felt (OR 7.5 CI 95 % 1.8-31), having been examined (OR 7.5 CI95 % 1.5-38.5), that the doctor explained what they had (OR 5.2 CI 95 % 1.8-15), that the doctor asked about the family (OR 5.8 CI95 % 2.1-16.1), and if doctor had treated them formerly (OR 3.5 CI95 % 1.4-8.6). Conclusions Extensive communication with the patient is as important as dealing with the disease in the medical act.(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Physician-Patient Relations , Primary Health Care/standards , Patient Satisfaction , Continuity of Patient Care/standards , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Cross-Sectional Studies , Colombia , Health CommunicationABSTRACT
Objetivo: Estimar los factores intervinientes para el embarazo en población adolescente escolarizada. Metodología: Estudio observacional de corte transversal con 7 068 jóvenes escolarizados entre 11 y 20 años de edad de 14 colegios públicos de Bogotá y municipios aledaños. Se aplicó encuesta auto diligenciada que indaga factores socio-demográficos, familiares, sentimentales y conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas de sexualidad. Resultados: Edad media de encuestados 15,3 años. Haber recibido información sobre planificación 80 %. Reconocer ciclo menstrual: 32 %. Prevalencia de haber tenido relaciones sexuales 40 %. Vida sexual activa 20 %. Prevalencia de embarazo 4 % y de aborto de 1 %. Factores de riesgo: No haber recibido información sobre planificación vs. (Versus) entender con dudas sobre planificación (OR 0,1 con IC 95 % de 0,03-0,4). Haber tenido aborto previo (OR 7,8 IC 95 % 2,3-25,8). No planificó en primera relación (OR de 3,9 IC 95 % de 2,2–7). No se encontraron como factores de riesgo la autoestima, la relación con padres y la percepción de futuro. Conclusiones: El embarazo en adolescentes parece más una situación accidental propiciada por desconocimiento, que propia de adolescentes con problemas.
Objective: Assessing risk factors for pregnancy in an adolescent school population. Methodology: A cross-sectional observational study was carried out on 7,068 ado-lescents whose ages ranged from 11 to 20 years who were attending 14 public schools in Bogotá and the surrounding municipalities. A self-questionnaire was ad-ministered focusing on socio-demographic, family and sentimental factors and the adolescents' knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding sexuality. Results: The average age was 15.3 years. 80 % had received family-planning in-formation; 32 % recognised the menstrual cycle. The prevalence of sexual activity was 40 % and 20 % were leading a sexually-active life. The prevalence of preg-nancy was 4 % and the declared abortion rate was 1%. The risk factors involved not having received information about family-planning compared to understanding family-planning but with some doubts (OR 0.1: 0.03 to 0.4 95 % CI), previous abor-tion (OR 7.8: 2.3 to 25.8 95 % CI), not having planned against pregnancy during the first sexual relationship (OR 3.9: 2.2-7 95 % CI). Self-esteem, relationship with parents and perception of the future were not identified as being risk factors. Conclusions: Teenage pregnancy seemed to be an accidental situation due to lack of knowledge rather than occurring because some teenagers were having trouble.