Effects of Stilbene Glucoside on the Proliferation and Estrogen Receptor Expression of Human Breast Cancer T-47D Cells / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE：To study the effects of stilbene glucoside （TSG）on the proliferation and estrogen receptor （ER）of human breast cancer T- 47D cells ，and to explore its estrogen-like effect and potential mechanism. METHODS ：Taking ER positive human breast cancer T- 47D cells as subjects ，using β-estradiol（β-E2，1×10－8 mol/L）as positive control ，CCK-8 assay was used to detect the cell proliferation after treated with different concentrations of TSG （1×10－8，1×10－7，1×10－6，1×10－5，1×10－4 mol/L）for 24，48，72 h；the cell proliferation rate was calculated. Western blotting assay and RT-PCR methods were adopted to detect the protein and mRNA expression of ER-α and ER-β in cells after treated with low，medium and high concentrations of TSG （1×10－8， 1×10－6，1×10－4 mol/L）for 48 h. RESULTS ：After treated with different concentrations of TSG for 24，48，72 h，the cell proliferation rate of each administration group at each time point （except for β-E2 group at 48 h）increased significantly ，compared with blank group ；those of TSG groups （1×10－5，1×10－6，1×10－7 mol/L）were significantly higher than β-E2 group（P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. After treated with low ，medium and high concentrations of TSG for 48 h，protein and mRNA expression of ER-α and ER-β in cells were increased significantly，compared with blank group （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）；protein expression of ER-β in TSG low concentration group ，mRNA expression of ER-α in TSG groups as well as mRNA expression of ER-β in TSG low and high concentration groups were significantly higher than β-E2 group（P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. CONCLUSIONS ：TSG can induce the in vitro proliferation of T- 47D cells and exert estrogen-like effects by promoting protein and mRNA expression of ER-α and ER-β， which is stronger than that of β-E2 at a certain concentration.

Effects of Processed Polygonum multiflorum Containing Serum on the Proliferation and the Expression of ER of Human Breast Cancer T- 47D Cells / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE： To study the effects of processed Polygonum multiflorum containing serum on the proliferation and the expression of estrogen receptor （ER） of human breast cancer T-47D cells， and to investigate its phytoestrogen （PE）-like effect. METHODS： Sexually immature SD rats were randomly divided into estradiol valerate （Ev） group （positive control， 0.12 mg/kg）， processed P. multiflorum low-dose and high-dose groups （0.75， 3 g/kg， by crude drug）， low-dose and high-dose processed P. multiflorum+Ev groups （same dose as single drug group）， with 10 rats in each group. Blank group was given constant volume of water intragastrically， and administration groups were given relevant medicine intragastrically； once day and night， for consecutive 4 days. Two hours after last administration， blank serum and containing serum were prepared. T-47D cells were also randomly divided into blank group， Ev group， low-dose and high-dose processed P. multiflorum groups， low-dose and high-dose processed P. multiflorum+Ev groups， and then were cultured in medium which contained 20％ blank serum or drug containing serum. CCK-8 assay was used to detect proliferation rate （PR）. Western blotting assay and RT-PCR were used to detect the protein and mRNA expression of ER-α and ER-β. RESULTS： Compared with blank group， PR of administration groups [each administration group （24 h）， other administration groups （48， 72 h） except for high-dose processed P. multiflorum+Ev group] were increased significantly； high-dose processed P. multiflorum group （72 h） was significantly higher than Ev group， and low-dose processed P. multiflorum+Ev group （72 h） was significantly higher than the same-dose processed P. multiflorum group； high-dose processed P. multiflorum+Ev group （72 h） was significantly lower than the same-dose processed P. multiflorum group （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. Relative protein expression of ER-α in Ev group， high-dose processed P. multiflorum group and low-dose processed P. multiflorum+Ev group， relative mRNA expression of ER-α and protein expression of ER-β in administration groups， relative mRNA expression of ER-β in Ev group， low-dose processed P. multiflorum group and processed P. multiflorum+Ev groups were all increased significantly. Relative protein and mRNA expression of ER-α in Ev group were significantly higher than processed P. multiflorum groups and combination groups. Relative protein and mRNA expression of ER-β in Ev group were significantly lower than low-dose processed P. multiflorum+Ev group， but relative mRNA expression of ER-β was significantly higher than processed P. multiflorum groups and high-dose processed P. multiflorum+Ev group. Relative protein and mRNA expression of ER-α and ER-β in low-dose processed P. multiflorum+Ev group as well as relative mRNA expression of ER-β in high-dose processed P. multiflorum+Ev group were significantly higher than the same-dose processed P. multiflorum group. Relative protein and mRNA expression of ER-α in high-dose processed P. multiflorum+Ev group were significantly lower than the same-dose processed P. multiflorum group （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. CONCLUSIONS： The processed P. multiflorum containing serum can promote the proliferation of human breast cancer T-47D cells， and play the PE-like role through promoting protein and mRNA expression of ER-α and ER-β. However， the above effects are weaker than estrogen， and the combination of the two may antagonize the effect of estrogen.

Estrogen-like Effect of Tetrahydroxy Stilbene Glucoside and Its Effects on the Expression of ER in Uterus of Sexually Immature Mice / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE： To investigate estrogen-like effect of tetrahydroxy stilbene glucoside （TSG） and its effects on the expression of estrogen receptor （ER） in uterus of sexually immature mice. METHODS： Totally 60 sexually immature Kunming mice were randomly divided into normal group， positive control group （estradiol valerate， 0.18 mg/kg）， TSG low-dose and high-dose groups （50， 150 mg/kg）， TSG low-dose and high-dose groups+estradiol valerate groups （same dose as medication alone group）. Normal group was given constant volume of water intragastrically， and administration groups were given relevant medicine 0.2    mL/10 g， once morning and night， for consecutive 5 d. The uterus index and body weight increase of mice in each group were determined and calculated the next day after the last administration. The contents of serum estrogen （E2， LH， FSH） were determined by ELISA. HE staining was used to observe the morphology characteristics of uterus， and uterine tube diameter and endometrial thickness were detected. The expression of ER（ER-α and ER-β） in uterus was detected by immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS： The myometrium of the mice in normal group was parallel and compact， the epithelium of the uterus was columnar， and the expression of ER-α and ER-β was low. The uterine tube diameter， endometrium and epithelium of mice in each administration group increased， thickened or proliferated in varying degrees， and the expression of ER-α and ER-β changed. Compared with normal group， uterus indexes （positive control group， TSG high-dose group， TSG+estradiol valerate groups）， the increase of body weight （positive control group， TSG high-dose groups， TSG low-dose+estradiol valerate group）， uterine tube diameter and endometrial thickness （positive control group， TSG low-dose group， TSG+estradiol valerate groups）， the expression of ER-α （positive control group， TSG+estradiol valerate groups） and the expression of ER-β （postive control group， TSG high-dose+estradiol valerate group）were increased significantly， while serum contents of LH （positive control group， TSG high-dose group） and FSH （TSG low-dose+estradiol valerate group） were decreased significantly （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. The uterus index， uterine tube diameter， endometrial thickness and the expression in ER-α and ER-β of TSG+estradiol valerate groups， the increase of body weight and serum content of E2 in TSG low-dose+estradiol valerate group were significantly higher than same TSG dose alone groups （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. The uterus index， uterine tube diameter， endometrial thickness and the expression of ER-α and ER-β in TSG groups， uterine tube diameter and the expression of ER-β in TSG+estradiol valerate groups， body weight increase of mice in TSG low-dose group were significantly lower than positive control group， while serum content of LH in TSG+estradiol valerate groups were significantly higher than positive control group （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. CONCLUSIONS： TSG can increase uterus indexes and body weight of sexually immature mice to certain extent， regulate estrogen level， increase the diameter of uterine tube and endometrial thickness and up-regulate the expression of ER in the uterus， showing certain estrogen-like effect， which is weaker than that of estradiol valerate. Combined use of them may antagonize the effect of estradiol valerate.

Optimization of acupoint application scheme in the treatment of bronchial asthma based on the orthogonal design method / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the primary and secondary factors of the allergic history, the frequency of acupoint application and the time of acupoint application in the treatment of bronchial asthma and optimize its scheme.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Eighty patients of bronchial asthma were selected as the subjects in the orthogonal trial. The herbal medicines were the empirical formula of acupoint application (prepared at the ratio as 2:2:1:1:1:1:1:1:1 of,, unprocessed,,,,,and) and used on bilateral Feishu (BL 13), Xinshu (BL 15), Geshu (BL 17) and Shenshu (BL 23). Firstly, two groups were divided according to allergic history (40 cases with allergic history and 40 cases without allergic history), and then four subgroups were divided on the basis of the two main groups, 10 cases in each one. Through studying three factors and two levels, i.e. allergic history (Factor A:A:with allergic history; A:without allergic history), the frequency of acupoint application (Factor B:B:4 times; B:10 times, in which, in the group of 4-time applications, the application was given once every 10 days; in the group of 10-time applications, the application was given once every 4 days); and the time of application (Factor C:C:4 h; C:8 h), the optimal scheme was screened on the basis of the attack frequency before and after treatment and the score of the asthma quality life questionnaire (AQLQ) before treatment and 6 months after treatment in the patients of each group.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>① The orthogonal trial indicated that the best optimal scheme was ABC, meaning the patients with allergic history were treated with acupoint application for 10 times, remained for 4 h. ②Factor B (frequency of acupoint application) and C (time of acpoint application) were the significant influential factors of AQLQ scores (both<0.05). ③The comparison of the attack frequency and AQLQ score before and after treatment in all of the patients showed that the different combinations of factor levels induced the different impacts on the asthma attack frequency and AQLQ scores. Except in the group No.1 and the group No.5, the improvements were all significant in the rest groups, indicating the significant differences (<0.05,<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Acupoint application reduces apparently the attack frequency of asthma in the patients and improves the living quality. The primary and secondary relationship among the allergic history, the frequency of acupoint application and the time of acupoint application for the impacts on the therapeutic effects are:the frequency of acupoint application > the time of acupoint application > the allergic history. The best optimal scheme is ABC, meaning the patients with allergic history are treated with acupoint application for 10 times, remained for 4h.</p>

Observation on the Efficacy of Acupuncture at Xinming Points plus Strong Reinforcing Manipulation in Treating Optic Atrophy / 上海针灸杂志

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of acupuncture at Xinming points (Extra) plus strong rein-forcing mani- pulation in treating optic atrophy.Methods Forty (56 eyes) optic atrophy patients were randomly allocated to a treatment group of 20 cases (29 eyes) and a control group of 20 cases (27 eyes). The control group received conventional medications, and the treatment group received acupuncture at Xinming points (Extra) plus strong reinforcing manipulation in addition. The visual acuity, the mean visual sensitivity (MS) of visual field and the P100 wave latency of P-VEP were recorded in the two groups before and after the treatment. The clinical therapeutic effects were compared between the two groups.Results The visual acuity, the MS of visual field and the P100 wave latency of P-VEP were significantly changed after treatment in both two groups (P<0.05). After the treatment, there were statistically significant differences in the visual acuity, the MS of visual field and the P100 wave latency of P-VEP between the two groups (P<0.05). The total efficacy rate was 75.0% in the treatment group versus 35.0% in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).Conclusions Acupuncture at Xinming points (Extra) plus strong reinforcing manipulation is an effective method for optic atrophy.

Discussion on moxibustion with different dose / 中国针灸

Moxibustion dose, closely related to moxibustion methods and sensations, directly influences the efficacy. Moxibustion dose is affected by quantity factors and patients' sensations. Quantity factors are volume and number of moxa cones, and moxibustion time and frequency, etc. The relationship between moxibustion dose and efficacy is discussed from quantity factors and sensations in the paper.

A new model-tracking of ?-cell development by generation of transgenic zebrafish / 基础医学与临床

Objective To establish a pancreatic ?-cell developmet fish model with specific spatial expression patterns.Methods Molecular cloning,microinjection,whole embryo in-situ hybridization(WISH)and fluorescence microscopy in living were used to analyze of ?-cell development through generation of transgenic zebrafish.ResultsScreened and established pancreatic ? cells of transgenic zebrafish,and confirmed the fluorescence protein expression in the same spatiotemporal pattern with endogenous insulin gene to achieve dynamic monitoring islet ?-cell development situation in vivo.Conclusion The pancreatic ? cells of transgenic zebrafish animal model can successfully trace pancreatic ? cell development.

Cleaning and Disinfection Management of Endoscopes in Hospitals of Wuxi: A Survey of Present Status / 中华医院感染学杂志

OBJECTIVE To know the present status of endoscopes′ cleaning and disinfection in hospitals in Wuxi,(to find) the problem of existence in endoscopes disinfection management,and puts forward the suggestion.(METHODS) According to Technical Operation Standard for Endoscopes Cleaning and Disinfection(2004)′s(requirement),a survey and sampling of disinfected endoscopes were carried out. RESULTS Every hospital all had the rules and regulations of endoscopes management,personnel training rate was 50.00%,personnel protection fitting rate was 64.71%,the rate of the room special for disinfection was 35.29%,cleaning and disinfection(installation) reaching the designated position rate was 41.18%,the standard rate of cleaning and disinfection order was(11.76%,) the fitting rate of endoscopes to preserve inside condition was 23.53%,the eligible rate of(endoscopes) disinfectants in the use was 100.00%,the disinfecting eligible rate of body surface such as attraction bottle,cleaning slot,enzyme slot and washing slot was 100.00%,and the eligible rate of disinfected endoscopes in use and in preserve were 50.00% and 36.36%,respectively.CONCLUSIONS Our hospital is developing endoscope standard including the use of disinfectants as well as the object surface disinfectiong,but all exist the problems in personnel training,personnel protection,speciaized disinfection room,basic cleaning and disinfection(installation),the process of cleaning and disinfection,preservation and disinfection effect of endoscopes,and the work(remains) further standardize.