Genetic regulation of the ompX porin of Salmonella Typhimurium in response to hydrogen peroxide stress

BACKGROUND: Salmonella Typhimurium is a Gram negative pathogen that causes a systemic disease in mice resembling typhoid fever. During its infective cycle, S. Typhimurium is phagocytized by macrophages and proliferates inside a Salmonella containing vacuole where Salmonella is exposed and survives oxidative stress induced by H2O2 through modulation of gene expression. After exposure of Salmonella to H2O2, the expression of the porin encoding gene ompX increases, as previously shown by microarray analysis. Expression of ompX mRNA is regulated at a post transcriptional level by MicA and CyaR sRNAs in aerobiosis. In addition, sequence analysis predicts a site for OxyS sRNA in ompX mRNA. RESULTS: In this work we sought to evaluate the transcriptional and post transcriptional regulation of ompX under H2O2 stress. We demonstrate that ompX expression is induced at the transcriptional level in S . Typhimurium under such conditions. Unexpectedly, an increase in ompX gene transcript and promoter activity after challenges with H2O2 does not translate into increased protein levels in the wild type strain, suggesting that ompX mRNA is also regulated at a post transcriptional level, at least under oxidative stress. In silico gene sequence analysis predicted that sRNAs CyaR, MicA, and OxyS could regulate ompX mRNA levels. Using rifampicin to inhibit mRNA expression, we show that the sRNAs (MicA, CyaR and OxyS) and the sRNA:mRNA chaperone Hfq positively modulate ompX mRNA levels under H2O2 induced stress in Salmonella during the exponential growth phase in Lennox broth. CONCLUSIONS: Our results demonstrate that ompX mRNA is regulated in response to H2O2 by the sRNAs CyaR, MicA and OxyS is Salmonella Typhimurium.

Traumatismo Dental con Complicación Radicular: Reporte de caso / Root complicationOwith dental trauma: A case report

Las fracturas de la raíz también llamadas intra alveolares radiculares, son aquellas que afectan a la dentina, al cemento y la pulpa, se caracterizan por presentar patrones complejos de curación, debido al deterioro de la pulpa, el ligamento periodontal, la dentina y el cemento. La mayoría de estas fracturas se producen por un golpe directo contra el suelo, un cuerpo extraño que incida sobre el diente o accidentes automovilísticos y deportivos. En el presente artículo se describe el tratamiento y seguimiento a 2 años 4 meses del caso de una niña de 10 años de edad que después de un traumatismo fue sometida a un tratamiento no adecuado, que le causaba mucho dolor, radiográficamente se observó la ausencia del tercio apical en el diente 21 y una movilidad grado III del mismo. Se modificó el tratamiento prolongando la vida del diente en boca. (AU)

Root fractures also known as intraalveolar root fractures, are those which involves and damage the dentin, cement and pulp, they are often characterized by the presence of weird and unusual healing patterns, mainly because of the pulp, periodontal ligament, dentin and cement injuries. Most of this fractures are caused because of a direct traumatism against the ground, also by any other object that directly hits the thoot, or any type of sports or car accidents, In this article its described the treatment and a follow up for 2 years 4 months of a 10 year old traumatized girl, which after the accident was treated in the wrong way causing her a lot of pain and periodontal problems, radiographically it's shown the abscense of the apical third of tooth 21 and an advanced movility degree. The treatment was drastically modified achieving the main purpose wich was to preserve the tooth in function. (AU)

Hemobilia secundaria a pseudoaneurisma roto: reporte de caso / Hemobilia secondary to a broken pseudoaneurysm: case report

Se presenta un caso de paciente con dolor abdominal asociado a ictericia y hemorragia digestiva alta (hematoquezia, melena) causado por hemobilia secundaria a ruptura de pseudoaneurisma de una rama de la arteria hepática derecha. El diagnóstico se realizó por medio de endoscopía digestiva alta, realizando arteriografía con embolización selectiva cesando el sangrado.

A patient presents with abdominal pain associated with jaundice and upper gastrointestinal bleeding (hematochezia, melena) caused by hemobilia secondary to rupture of pseudoaneurysm of a branch of the right hepatic artery. The diagnosis was made by upper endoscopy, performing arteriography with selective embolization ceased bleeding.

Plants of the Araceae family for malaria and related diseases: a review / Plantas da família Araceae para a malária e doenças relacionadas: uma revisão

ABSTRACTIn the current work we performed a review of the Araceae family species traditionally used to treat malaria and its symptoms. The aim is to reveal the large number of antimalarial Araceae species used worldwide and their great unexplored potential as sources of antimalarial natural products. The SciFinder Scholar, Scielo, PubMed, ScienceDirect and Google books search engines were consulted. Forty-three records of 36 species and 23 genera of Araceae used for malaria and symptoms treatment were found. The neotropical genera Philodendron Schott and Anthurium Schott were the best represented for the use in the treatment of malaria, fevers, liver problems and headaches. Leaves and tubers were the most used parts and decoction was the most common preparation method. The extracts of Araceae species inhibit the in vitro growth of the human malaria parasite, the Plasmodium falciparum Welch, and significant median inhibitory concentrations (IC50) for extracts of guaimbê-sulcado (Rhaphidophora decursiva (Roxb.) Schott), aninga (Montrichardia linifera (Arruda) Schott), Culcasia lancifolia N.E. Br. and forest anchomanes (Anchomanes difformis (Blume) Engl.) have been reported demonstrating the antimalarial and cytotoxicity potential of the extracts and sub-fractions. In the only report about the antimalarial components of this family, the neolignan polysyphorin and the benzoperoxide rhaphidecurperoxin presented strong in vitro inhibition of the D6 and W2 strains of Plasmodiumfalciparum (IC50 = 368-540 ng/mL). No live study about antimalarial activity in animal models has been conducted on a species of Araceae. More bioguided chemical composition studies about the in vitro and also thein vivo antimalarial activity of the Araceae are needed in order to enhance the knowledge about the antimalarial potential of this family.

RESUMONo presente trabalho realizamos uma revisão das espécies da família Araceae usadas para tratar malária e seus sintomas. O objetivo foi revelar o grande número de espécies da família usadas no mundo, assim como seu potencial como fontes de produtos naturais antimaláricos. Foram consultadas as plataformas de busca SciFinder Scholar, Scielo, PubMed, ScienceDirect e Google books. Encontramos quarenta e três registros de 36 espécies e 23 generos de Aráceas usadas para tratar malária e seus sintomas. Os generos neotropicais Philodendron Schott e Anthurium Schott foram os melhor representados, úteis para o tratamento da malária, febres, problemas hepáticos e dores de cabeça. Folhas e tubérculos foram as partes mais utilizadas, enquanto a decocção foi o método de preparo mais comum. Os extratos de espécies de Araceae inibem o crescimento in vitro do parasito da malária humana, Plasmodium falciparum Welch, e concentrações inibitórias medianas (CI50) significativas foram relatadas para extratos de guaimbê-sulcado (Rhaphidophora decursiva (Roxb.) Schott), aninga (Montrichardia linifera (Arruda) Schott), Culcasia lancifoliaN.E. Br. e anchomanes do mato (Anchomanes difformis (Blume) Engl.), demonstrando o potencial antimalárico e citotóxico de extratos e subfrações. No único relato sobre os componentes antimaláricos dessa família, a neolignana polisiforina e o benzoperóxido rafidecurperoxina apresentaram forte inibição das cepas D6 e W2 de Plasmodiumfalciparum in vitro (CI50 = 368-540 ng/mL). Nenhum estudo sobre a atividade antimalárica in vivo em modelo animal foi realizado com espécies da família Araceae. Mais trabalhos biomonitorados pela composição química sobre a atividade antimalárica in vitro, assim como estudos in vivo, são necessários para aprofundar os conhecimentos sobre potencial antimalárico da familia.

Propagação vegetativa de estacas de Piper hispidumSw. em diferentes substratos / Vegetative propagation of cuttings of Piper hispidum Sw. in different substrates

RESUMO Piper hispidum é uma espécie pioneira pertencente à família Piperaceae, com importância na medicina popular e na obtenção de óleo essencial. Assim como outras espécies da família, possui poucas informações sobre técnicas de cultivo. O objetivo foi avaliar a propagação via estaquia de Piper hispidum em função do tipo de substrato e estaca em Manaus, Amazonas, Brasil. O experimento foi realizado na Embrapa Amazônia Ocidental. O delineamento utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 3 (estacas) x 5 (substratos), com três repetições de 12 estacas, sendo as estacas (apical, mediana e basal) e os substratos (areia lavada, substrato comercial, solo + esterco de aves, solo + casca de guaraná e fibra de coco). Foram avaliadas: enraizamento (%), número de brotações, comprimento da maior brotação (cm), número de folhas, comprimento da maior raiz (cm), massa seca da raiz (g) e massa seca das brotações (g). Foi realizada análise de variância pelo teste F a 5% de probabilidade e para as médias foi realizado o teste Tukey ao nível de 5% de probabilidade. Recomenda-se utilizar estacas apicais e basais, nesta ordem. Ocorreu interação entre os fatores substrato e tipos de estaca somente para variável número de brotações. Os substratos areia lavada e substrato comercial são indicados para maiores porcentagens de enraizamento com 81,56% e 81,33%, respectivamente. O enraizamento foi superior nas estacas apicais (85,67%) e basais (74,47%). Porém, para esta espécie os substratos solo + esterco de aves e/ou solo + casca de guaraná foram mais indicados quando o objetivo é obter estacas de qualidade.

ABSTRACT Piper hispidum is a pioneer species belonging to the family Piperaceae, with relevance in popular medicine and in obtaining essential oil. As other species of this family, there is little information about cultivation techniques. The aim of this work was to evaluate the propagation through cutting from the Piper hispidum according to the type of substrate and cutting technique in Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. The trial experiment was conducted at the Embrapa Western Amazon. The design was completely randomized factorial 3 x 5, with three replications of 12 cuttings with types of cuttings (apical, median and basal) and substrates (washed sand, commercial substrate, soil + poultry manure, soil + guarana shell and coconut fiber). After 60 days, the following characteristics were evaluated: rooting (%), number of shoots, length of the largest sprouting (cm), number of leaves, length of the longest root (cm), root dry weight (g) and dry weight of shoots (g). An analysis of variance was performed by the F test at 5% probability and for the averages` comparison the Tukey test was done at 5% level of probability. It is recommended to employ apical and basal cuttings, respectively. There was interaction between the factors and substrate types of cuttings only for the variable number of sprouts. These two substrates, washed sand and commercial substrate, are suggested for higher percentages of rooting with 81,56% and 81,33 %, respectively. The rooting was higher in the apical cuttings (85,67 %) and basal ones (74,47 % ). However, for this species, the substrates soil + poultry manure and/or soil + guaraná shell were most indicated when the goal was to obtain high-quality cuttings.

¿Por qué son necesarias unidades geriátricas de agudos en el sistema de salud chileno? / Why the Chilean health system needs an acute geriatric units?

For centuries, man has been concerned about health, particularly to achieve successful aging. In this process of health and illness, often the elderly were dying in the attempt to improve, and those requiring more care, it was not possible to do at home, so they sought the help of others, most of whom were Monasteries, which later gave way to hospices, Nurse Homes and Hospitals. Given the growing senior population that required hospital care and elderly care was developing Geriatrics, along with a comprehensive model of confrontation and interdisciplinary intervention, soon found in geriatric acute care setting, the core specialty. Over the past 50 years, it has become clear that in conjunction with the Integral Geriatric Evaluation, these units have shown a change in the prognosis of the elderly. Since Chile is experiencing a rapidly aging population, it is necessary to develop these units in our health care system.

Necesidades protésicas de la población de Rio Chico Edo. Miranda: agosto-noviembre 2010 / Prosthetic needs in population of Río Chico Edo. Miranda agust-november 2010

La pérdida parcial o total de la dentición natural es el resultado más frecuente de caries dental o enfermedad periodontal. Estos, ocasionan la extracción temprana de las piezas dentarias permanentes trayendo como consecuencia la necesidad de rehabilitación al individuo afectado. Determinar las necesidades protésicas de los pacientes de la población de Río Chico-Edo. Miranda. Estudio descriptivo y transversal. El instrumento de recolección de datos fue la Historia Clínica empleada por ambos centros, se estudiaron 701 pacientes entre masculinos y femeninos que acudieron a solicitar tratamiento odontológico al ambulatorio urbano tipo III Centro de Especiales Médico Odontológicas (C.E.M.O.) y el ambulatorio urbano tipo II Asociación Damas Salesianas (ADS) durante el período agosto-noviembre 2010. Se elaboró una matriz de datos en el programa Excel para la organización de los datos. 72% de la muestra eran mujeres y 28% eran hombres. La edad más afectada fue entre 21 y 30 años (28%). De acuerdo a las necesidades protésicas el 71% requiere una o más prótesis fija, 26% requerían prótesis parciales removibles tanto dento-soportadas como dento-muco-soportadas y 3% requería de prótesis totales. Se ratifica la importancia de este estudio para proveer información a las entidades del Estado encargados de brindar los recursos para rehabilitar a nivel bucal a esta población.

The partial or complete loss of the natural dentition is the most frequent result of dental caries or periodontal disease. There from the early extraction of teeth permanent bringing as a result the need for rehabilitation tothose affected individual. To determine the population of Río Chico- Miranda State, Venezuela, patients prosthetic needs. descriptive and transversal study. The data collection instrument was the clinical history, used by bothenters, 701 patients of both sexes who came to seek dental treatment to urban ambulatory type III special medical dental (C.E.M.O.) Centre and urban ambulatory type II partnership Damas Salesianas (ADS) during the period August-November 2010. Developed an array of data inthe Excel program for the Organization of the data 72% 28% to the masculine and feminine gender. The most affected age was between 21 and 30 years (28%). Needs prosthetic : 71% requires one or more fixed prosthesis, 26% require removable dento-supported both dento-muco-supported partial dentures and dentures requires 3%. Confirms the importance of this study to provide information to State entities responsible for providing resources to rehabilitate oral level to this population.

Detecção de locos de características quantitativas nos cromossomos 1, 2, 3, 12, 14, 15 e X de suínos: características de desempenho / Detection of quantitative trait loci on chromosomes 1, 2, 3, 12, 14, 15, X in pigs: performance characteristics

Mapeou-se quantitative trait loci (QTL) associados a características de desempenho nos cromossomos 1, 2, 3, 12, 14, 15 e X de suínos pertencentes a uma população F2, formada a partir do cruzamento entre dois machos da raça naturalizada brasileira Piau e 18 fêmeas comerciais (Landrace x Large White x Pietrain). O mapa genético de ligação da população foi construído após a genotipagem dos animais para 35 marcadores microssatélites. As estimativas do conteúdo de informação polimórfica indicaram que os marcadores microssatélites foram adequados para as análises de QTL. Os dados foram analisados pelo mapeamento por intervalo usando-se o programa GridQTL. Encontraram-se seis QTL, sendo que o QTL genômico para idade ao abate atingiu a significância de 5% de probabilidade. As informações dos QTL detectados neste estudo são úteis para identificar genes que podem ser usados em conjunto com os métodos convencionais de seleção, aumentar a acurácia deles e prover uma compreensão dos fenótipos produtivos de suínos.

The accomplishment of the present study had the objective of mapping Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) related to performance traits in a F2 pig population developed by mating two Brazilian Piau breed sires with 18 dams from a commercial line (Landrace × Large White × Pietrain). The linkage map for this population was constructed after genotyping the animals for 35 microsatellite markers. Estimates of polymorphic information content indicated that the microsatellite markers were appropriate for QTL analyses. The genotypes were analyzed by interval mapping using the GridQTL program. A total of six QTL were found, of which the QTL for slaughter age (days) was significant at the 5% genome-wise level. The information of the significant QTL detected in this study is useful for future fine-mapping studies for the identification of genes. Such information can be used together with traditional methods in breeding programs or even for a better understanding of the phenotypes of swine production.

Mapeamento de QTL nos cromossomos 1, 2, 3, 12, 14, 15 e X em suínos: características de carcaça e qualidade de carne / Mapping of QTL on chromosomes 1, 2, 3, 12, 14, 15 and X in pigs: characteristics carcass and quality of meat

A realização do presente estudo teve como objetivo mapear Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) de carcaça e qualidade de carne em uma população F2 de suínos desenvolvida pelo cruzamento de dois reprodutores da raça brasileira Piau com 18 fêmeas comerciais (Landrace x Large White x Pietrain). O mapa de ligação para essa população foi construído após a genotipagem de 684 animais para 35 marcadores microssatélites. Os dados foram analisados pelo mapeamento por intervalo usando-se sexo, lote e genótipo halotano como efeitos fixos e peso de carcaça ao abate, peso da carcaça direita e idade ao abate como covariáveis. Um total de 18 QTLs foi encontrado; os QTLs para maior espessura de toucinho na região da copa, na linha dorsolombar, e a perda por cozimento foram significativos em nível de 5% genômico. A característica espessura de toucinho foi essencialmente associada aos alelos da raça Piau, conhecido como porco tipo banha. As informações dos QTLs significativos encontrados servem para futuros estudos de mapeamento fino para identificação de genes a serem usados em conjunto com os métodos tradicionais de seleção, para melhorar a eficiência dos programas de melhoramento, assim como prover informação acerca da fisiologia envolvida no desenvolvimento das características quantitativas dos suínos.

The accomplishment of the present study had as objective to map Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) associated to carcass and quality traits in a F2 pig population developed by mating two Brazilian Piau breed sires with 18 dams from a commercial line (Landrace × Large White × Pietrain). The linkage map for this population was constructed after genotyping the 684 animals for 35 microsatellite markers. Data were analyzed by interval mapping using sex, batch and halothane genotype as fixed effects and carcass weight at slaughter, direct carcass weight and slaugher age as covariables. A total of 18 QTL were identified, the QTL for higher backfat thickness on the shoulder region and cooking loss was significant at 5% genome-wise level. The backfat thickness trait was mainly associated with the Piau breed allele, known as a fat pig. The information of the significant QTL detected in this study is useful for future fine-mapping studies for identification of genes and might be used together with traditional selection methods to improve the efficiency of breeding programs, moreover, this information can also provide new insights to the understanding of the physiology of the quantatiative traits in pigs.

Subdiagnóstico de delirium en adultos mayores hospitalizados / Delirium in Chilean elderly inpatients: an overlooked problem

Background: Delirium is a common underdiagnosed and undertreated problem in elderly inpatients, associated to higher morbidity, mortality and health cost. Aim: To evaluate the prevalence of delirium at hospital admission in medically ill elderly patients and the attending physician's diagnosis and treatment of delirium. Patients and methods: In a prospective and descriptive study, consecutive patients aged 65 years or more, admitted to an internal medicine ward were evaluated by independent physicians, during the first 48 h of admission, to asses the presence of delirium. Diagnosis of delirium was based on the Confusion Assessment Method. Medical and nurse records were reviewed. Family was interviewed when necessary. Results: One hundred eight patients (52% women, age range 65-94 years) with an APACHE II score of 11.6±5, were evaluated. Fifty seven patients (53%) had delirium (32% hyperactive, 72% hypoactive and 5% mixed). Delirium prevalence was significantly higher in older patients (66% among those aged 75 years or older versus 30% in younger, p <0.05) and among patients with more severe conditions (88% among those with an APACHE score over 16 versus 47% below that value, p <0.05). Medical records of patients with delirium showed that this diagnosis was present only in 32% and cognitive deficit was described in 73%. Ten percent of patients with delirium received sedative medication and 38% were physically restricted. There were no environmental interventions to prevent or control delirium. Conclusions: Delirium in elderly inpatients at this unit is an extraordinarily prevalent problem, seriously under diagnosed (68%) and under treated. This study should alerts our medical community to improve the diagnosis and management of delirium in elderly inpatients.

Células mesenquimales de médula osea: diferenciación y potencial reemplazo neuronal / Mesenchymal stem cells: differentiation and alternative source of neural tissue

Embryonic stem cells are a population of cells located in the blastocyst, committed to specific differentiation according to spatial and temporal factors such as age and place of final location. Despite the final fate of hematic cells, hemopoietic cells retain a relative degree of plasticity dependent on environmental factors. Mesenchymal cells are a well differentiated population of bone marrow derived non hemopoietic cells with totipotential properties. The medical interest of such totipotentiality rests in the potential of such cells to repair damaged tissues. Particularly neuronal differentiation from progenitors obtained from mesenchymae non hemopoietic cells offers a new possibility in the field of neural transplantation and tissue engineering to repair functional entities in the nervous system.

Las células troncales embrionarias son totipotentes y se encuentran en pequeño número en el blastocisto donde pueden expandirse en forma indiferenciada durante un corto tiempo y de acuerdoal sitio donde se alojan, ellas adquirirán determinados fenotipos de diferenciación. Las células hemopoyéticas troncales se caracterizan por poseer un gran potencial proliferativo, cuyo modelo de regulación es jerárquico. Ellas retienen, a lo largo de su existencia, un cierto grado de plasticidad, lo cual hace que se puedan diferenciar en distintos tipos de células o de tejidos no hemopoyéticos, de acuerdo al microambiente donde se encuentran o bien a la presencia de ciertos factores estimulantes. En trabajos recientes se han podido aislar, por adherencia al plástico, en cultivo in vitro de médula ósea, células no hemopoyéticas que fueron llamadas mesenquimales por su semejanza con el tejido mesenquimal del embrión. Estas células, in vitro, pueden ser inducidas hacia nuevas líneas celulares, que se diferenciarán en nuevos tejidos. Las expectativas del beneficio terapéutico del transplante de médula ósea como el de células mesenquimales en enfermedades no hemopoyéticas son grandes, porque al utilizar tejidos o células autólogas, se evitan los graves problemas del rechazo inmunológico. En el caso del tejido nervioso la problemática de una fuente adecuada de donantes hace el tema especialmente interesante.

Enfermedad periodontal asociada a la infección por VIH / Periodontal disease associated with HIV infection

El propósito del trabajo fue determinar si la enfermedad periodontal (EP) en una población de individuos infectados por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH) se hallaba condicionada por la edad, sexo, nivel sociocultural (NSC), mecanismo de contagio (MC), hábitos generales y de higiene oral, nivel sérico de linfocitos T4 y si ésta difería a la encontrada en una población sistémicamente sana. Para ello se midió una población de 21 individuos VIH(+) y en 20 individuos VIH(-) los índices gingivales de Loe y Silness, de enfermedad periodontal, de placa bacteriana de Silness y Loe y de higiene oral simplificado de Green y Vermillon. También se consignó caracteristicas clínicas de la encía, hábitos generales y de higiene oral y el recuento de linfocitos T 4. Los datos obtenidos se usaron para establecer diferencia alguna en el grupo VIH(+) entre los estados periodontales en relación a las variables externas antes mencionadas y los niveles séricos de LT4. Posteriormente se comparó entre sí los grupos estudio y control. Los resultados obtenidos indican una participación directa de la placa bacteriana como factor primario en el inicio y desarrollo de la EP. Esta se caracterizó por presentarse en forma prematura y progresiva en el tiempo, donde la mantención de la capacidad de respuesta defensiva individual es fundamental en el establecimiento de la EP destructiva. Variables como sexo, NSC, MC y consumo de drogas no tiene implicancia significativa en el establecimiento y desarrollo de la EP en estos individuos

Campaña de difusión del diagnóstico y prevención del cancer de colon y recto: planificación y evaluación de sus resultados / Campaign of diffusion of the diagnosis and prevention of colon and rectal cancer: planning and evaluation of its results

El cáncer colo-rectal es muy frecuente en Argentina. Es el tercer cáncer más frecuente luego del de piel y mama en la ciudad de Rosario. Nuestra población usualmente ignora los síntomas del cáncer colónico y el diagnóstico precoz es infrecuente. Las Sociedades de Gastroenterología, Cancerología y Colonoproctología de Rosario organizaron una camapña de disfusión durante julio, agosto y setiembre de 1985 en Rosario en Rosario y sus alrededores (población: 1.300.000) por medio de afiches, mensajes en los diarios, radios y especialmente por televisión, describiendo en la posibilidad de prevención por diagnóstico y extirpación de pólipos. Afiches y panfletos fueron distribuidos en lugares públicos y cartas información fueron enviadas a todos los médicos de Rosario. Se realizó un Curso Internacional de Actualización sobre cáncer de colon y recto. Los resultados de la campaña fueron evaluados a través del Registro de Tumores de Rosario e instituciones privadas. Desde setiembre de 1984 hasta febrero de 1985 la incidencia mensual de pólipos y cáncer fue revisada. El promedio mensual de cáncer de colon y recto fue de 39; antes de la campaña 41, durante la misma 49 y después de ella 26. El promedio de incidencia mensual de pólipos fue de 18,9. Antes de la campaña 17,5, durante la misma 27,5 y después de ella 13,8. Estos resultados fueron estudiados estadísticamente por el test paramétrico de Mann y Whitney. Durante la campaña se observó un incremento levemente significativo (p=0,05) de cáncer y pólipos diagnosticados. Se concluye que la campaña logró sus objetivos de difusión pública pero se considera que es necesario insistir con campañas más extensas y periódicas