ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a vasoproliferative disorder of the retina that affects low birth weight preterm babies and is the leading cause of blindness in children in developed and developing countries. OBJECTIVE: Considering the importance of evaluating the pathology, this study aimed to carry out an epidemiological analysis of premature patients referred to the Pediatric Ophthalmology sector of Centro Universitário FMABC. METHODS: Retrospective study of the medical records of patients referred to the Pediatric Ophthalmology sector of Centro Universitário FMABC, from March 2017 to December 2017, for ophthalmological evaluation due to suspected ROP (59 medical records). RESULTS: Of the total of 43 eyes with the disease, two eyes fit in Zone II and 41 in Zone III. Seventeen eyes were classified as Stage 1, 16 as Stage 2, 4 as Stage 3, 4 as Stage 4 and 2 as Stage 5. CONCLUSION: The development of ROP was inversely proportional to weight and gestational age at birth. Treatment proved to be less prevalent in the disease.
Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Pediatrics , Schools, Medical , Retinopathy of Prematurity/epidemiology , Infant, Premature , Child Health Services , Eye Health Services , Patients , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
RESUMO Objetivo: Verificar se a modificação no formato da desepitelização corneana na ceratectomia fotorrefrativa (PRK), de circular para oval, modifica a recuperação da acuidade visual (AV) no pós-operatório. Métodos: Foram avaliados prospectivamente 43 pacientes submetidos ao PRK bilateral e simultâneo. De forma randomizada em cada paciente, um olho foi desepitelizado no formato circular e o outro no formato oval. No sexto dia de pós-operatório (D6) foram registradas a percepção subjetiva pelo paciente da qualidade de visão comparativa entre os olhos, a AV objetiva monocular e o aspecto do empilhamento epitelial corneano. Resultados: Em relação à percepção subjetiva da qualidade de visão, observou-se que 48,8% dos pacientes não perceberam diferença entre os olhos e 51,2% perceberam diferença (41,9% referiram melhor qualidade de visão no olho da desepitelização oval e 9,3% referiram melhor visão no olho da desepitelização circular). Em relação à AV (Snellen), a média na desepitelização oval, de 0,62, foi significativamente superior (p<0,001) que na circular, de 0,53. Quanto ao empilhamento epitelial, em 64,3% houve menor densidade do empilhamento nos olhos submetidos à desepitelização oval, em 31,0% não foi identificada diferença e em 4,8% dos olhos submetidos à desepitelização oval o empilhamento foi maior. Tais resultados se devem ao fato de que na desepitelização oval as células epiteliais provêm de bordas não equidistantes do centro da córnea e percorrem uma área menor, determinando um empilhamento epitelial central mais suave. Conclusão: Verificou-se que a modificação no formato da desepitelização corneana no PRK para oval, determinou uma significativa melhora da recuperação da AV.
ABSTRACT Objective: To determine if the change in the shape of the corneal epithelial removal in photorefractive keratectomy (PRK), from circular to oval shape, modifies the recovery of the postoperative visual acuity (VA). Methods: Forty-three(43) patients subjected to bilateral simultaneous PRK were prospectively evaluated. Randomly for each patient, one eye underwent epithelial removal in circular shape and the other in oval shape. On the sixth day of postoperative period (D6) the follow items were recorded: the subjective comparative perception, informed by the patient, of the quality of vision between the eyes, the objective monocular VA and the appearance of the central corneal epithelial suture line. Results: With regard to subjective quality of vision perception, it was observed that 48.8% of patients did not realize the difference between the eyes, while 51.2% did (41.9% reported better quality of vision in the eye with the oval shape and 9.3% reported better vision in the eye with the circular shape). With regard to the VA (Snellen), the average in the oval shape of 0.62 was significantly higher (p < 0.001) than the circular shape of 0.53. As for the appearance of the epithelial suture line, in 64.3% of the cases there was a lower density of the suture line in the eyes submitted to the oval shape, 31.0% did not demonstrate difference and in 4.8% of eyes submitted to oval shape the suture line was denser. These results are due to the fact that in the oval shape the epithelial cells come from non-equidistant edges of the corneal periphery to the center and run across a smaller area, determining a smoother, sometimes off-center, epithelial suture line. Conclusion: The change in the shape of the corneal epithelial removal in photorefractive keratectomy (PRK), from circular to oval shape, determines a better recovery of the postoperative visual acuity (VA).