ABSTRACT
A 39-year-old man with fever and dyspnea from 3 days earlier was taken to the emergency room. He was diagnosed with infective endocarditis because echocardiography showed a mobile 10 mm-sized vegetation on the aortic valve and severe aortic regurgitation. Acute coronary syndrome was negative because the tests at the first visit did not show an increase in myocardial deviation enzymes or a decrease in wall motion. However, his hemodynamics deteriorated during the same day, so he underwent emergency surgery. The left and right leaflets and the right aortic annulus were highly destroyed, and the aortic annulus was reconstructed with his pericardium and the valve was replaced by a mechanical valve. After declamping of the aorta, the wall motion of the left ventricle was extremely reduced, and the cardiopulmonary bypass(CPB) was not able to be withdrawn. Since the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery may have been occluded by vegetation, we added bypass surgery to the LAD under cardiac arrest using a saphenous vein graft. After the bypass surgery, the wall motion of the left ventricle improved, and we were able to withdraw the CPB. Though he developed a cerebral infarction as a complication and required long-term rehabilitation, he was able to be discharged from the hospital 74 days after the operation. We evaluated the coronary arteries after his discharge and found an occlusion that was thought to be due to vegetation scattered in the LAD. No preoperative coronary artery evaluation was performed, however, the graft was anastomosed to the distal side of the LAD occlusion. Currently, 3 years and 2 months have passed and the infection has not recurred.
ABSTRACT
A 30-year-old woman who had no specific symptom was diagnosed with Turner syndrome at the age of 6 years. Subsequently, she was followed up at a hospital. However, she stopped going to the hospital when she was 18 years old. At 30 years of age, she underwent examinations involving echocardiography and enhanced chest CT at a hospital, which revealed severe aortic valve regurgitation and extreme dilatation of the aortic root. We performed the Bentall procedure through a median sternotomy following which she had an uncomplicated postoperative course. Aortic root enlargement increases the risk of aortic dissection in patients with Turner syndrome. However, no aortic events occurred before the surgery in this case. We considered the reason was related to the mosaic karyotype of this case.
ABSTRACT
The excellent long term-patency rates achieved using the internal thoracic arteries (ITAs) have expanded the variety of graft arrangements of these conduits for multivessel coronary revascularization. We encountered 2 patients who underwent multivessel coronary artery bypass, by using these terminal branches of the left ITA effectively. In both patients, LITAs were taken down using the skeletonization technique with a harmonic scalpel. One patient had 2 grafts using the off-pump technique with the Y-composite grafts constructed by the main LITA trunk and LITA terminal branch, which were anastomosed with the left anterior descending branch (LAD) and diagonal branch (D<sub>1</sub>), respectively. The other patient had 6 grafts under on-pump cardiac arrest, including the natural LITA terminal branches which were anastomosed with the LAD and D<sub>1</sub>. Postoperative multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) revealed excellent long-term patent grafts in both patients. In conclusion, the terminal branches of the ITA, if of suitable size and length, could be used effectively to construct a Y-anastomosis for the coronary arteries, when consideration for the size of the target coronaries and native-coronary blood flow competition.