ABSTRACT
Objectives the gold standard of this study, is to demonstrate the effect of the antimalarial drug Articulate in experimental intestinal Giardia lamblia infection. It aims at studying the pathological imprint of this drug on the duodenal mucosa of the studied infected hamsters
Methods: in this study, a group of fifteen Golden Syrian hamsters was used. This group was further subdivided into three small subgroups. Subgroup I: constituted control infected untreated hamsters. Infection was done by oral administration of 10,000 Giardia lamblia cysts through an esophageal tube. Subgroup II constituted infected animals, treated three weeks later with a single oral dose of Artesunate 100mg /Kgm body weight. Subgroup III included infected animals, given three weeks later two successive oral doses of Artesunate 100mg/Kgm body weight each, 24 hours appart. All animals were sacrificed two weeks post treatment. By faucal smear examination, it was noticed that the number of Giardia cysts was markedly reduced in the group given the single dose regimen. This number mostly vanished in the group given the double dose regimen when compared to the respective untreated control hamsters. Again, pathological examination of the upper third of the duodenum, revealed complete villus regeneration in the group given the double dose regimen, compared to the respective untreated control animals. This study could be of value un endemic areas where people tend to develop drug resistance to the commonly used antigiardial preparations
ABSTRACT
Objectives: the goal of this study, is to demonstrate the lethal effect of topical Cedar wood oil [P-methyl -d- 3- tetrahydroacetophenone] administration alone and1 or in combination with the solvent: Demzo [Dimethylsulphoxide], and Propolis [a natural bee wax extract, or resinous substance collected by bees from tree exudates], in experimental schistosomiasis mansoni. It is a trial to explore the repercussions of using these compounds upon worm and tissue egg loads, and oograrn pattern in experimental murine schistosomiasis mansoni
Methods: in this study, a group of 40 Swiss albino mice was used. This group was further subdivided into four small subgroups. Subgroup I: constituted control untreated mice. Infection was done by dermal inoculation of 80 Schistosoma mansoni cercariae per mouse through a ring, after shaving the abdominal skin. Subgroup II constituted abdominally shaved mice, wiped with absolutely 100 ul per mouse Demzo + 800 ul per mouse Cedalwmd oil then infected immediately after with 80 Schistosoma mansoni cercariae. Subgroup III: abdominally shaved mice, wiped with absolutely 100 ug per mouse Proplis + 100 ul per mouse Demzo + 800 ul per mouse Cedarwood oil, then infected immediately after with 80 Schistosoma mansoni cercariae. Subgroup IV constituted mice wiped over the abdominal skin with absolutely 50 ug per mouse Propolis + 100 ul per mouse Demzo+ 800 ul per mouse Cedarwood oil and again, infected immediately after with 80 Schistosoma mansoni cercariae. All animals were sacrificed 6 weeks post infection
Results: mice given absolutely [100 ug per mouse Propolis + 100ul per mouse Demzo + 800 ul per mouse Cedar wood oil], revealed a statistically significant drop [P< 0.001] in the total worm recovery, when compared to the respective untreated controls. This value was less evident in the group given half the dose of Propolis [50 ug], and least evident in the group given Demzo and Cedarwood oil only. Again, the former group revealed the least number of tissue egg load [both hepatic and intestinal], and more mature than immature eggs in the oograrn, compared to the latter two groups
Conclusion : cedarwood oil could be successfully used in conjunction with Demzo and Pro- polis as a topical prophylactic agent in experimental schistosomiasis mansoni infection. This constitutes a hopeful and promising tool in endemic areas. In Egypt, this could be of special interest when indigenous or newly coming foreigners are exposed to unpreventable infection, such as fishing or rowing in the Nile River