The influencing factors and prevention progress of motor complications of Parkinson's disease / 预防医学

Abstract@#Long-term use of levodopa in the treatment of Parkinson's disease can cause motor complications, which seriously impair the patients'motor function, reduce the quality of life, and aggravate the functional disability. Since there has been no effective treatment for motor complications, clarifying the influencing factors and prevention methods are conducive to reducing the risk of incidence and improving the quality of life of the patients. This paper summarizes the types and mechanism of motor complications of Parkinson's disease, the influencing factors ( levodopa dose, onset age, Helicobacter pylori infection and high protein diet ) and preventive measures ( psychological intervention, low protein diet, rehabilitation exercise and drugs ), so as to provide reference for the prevention and control of the disease.

Exploration on Effect of Yinhuotang on Depression-like Behavior in Mice with Bilateral Ovariectomy Induced by Chronic Stress Based on E2/ERβ Signaling Pathway / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To observe the effect of Yinhuotang （YHT） on the depression-like behavior of mice with bilateral ovariectomy （OVX） induced by chronic stress and explore its action mechanism based on estradiol （E₂）-estrogen receptor <italic>β </italic>（ER<italic>β</italic>） pathway. Method:The experiment was divided into two parts. In the first part， mice were randomly divided into the sham operation （Sham） group， model （OVX） group， positive drug （E₂， 0.13 mg·kg^-1） group， and YHT （23.4 g·kg^-1） group. The OVX model was reproduced by OVX combined with chronic unpredictable mild stress （CUMS）. On the 8th day after OVX， the mice in each group were exposed to CUMS and treated with drugs. The changes in immobility time， horizontal movement score， and vertical movement score of mice in each group were observed in forced swimming test （FST）， tail suspension test （TST） and open-field test （OFT）， respectively. Serum and brain E₂ levels were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）， the aromatizing enzyme （Cyp19） mRNA expression by real-time fluorescence polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR）， the expression of ER<italic>α</italic> and ER<italic>β</italic> in dentate gyrus of hippocampus by immunohistochemistry （IHC）， and the total ER<italic>α</italic> and ER<italic>β</italic> levels in the brain by Western blotting. In the second part， the mice were divided into the Sham group， OVX group， YHT group， and blocker （Y+B， 23.4 g·kg^-1+100 μg·kg^-1） group. Mice in the Y+B group were first treated with intragastric administration of YHT and then with intraperitoneal injection of ER<italic>β</italic> blocker （PHTPP） on the next day. The changes in immobility time， horizontal motor score， and vertical motor score were observed in the three behavioral tests. Result:Compared with the Sham group， the OVX group displayed significantly increased immobility time， decreased horizontal and vertical movement scores （<italic>P</italic><0.01）， down-regulated serum and brain E₂levels （<italic>P</italic><0.01） and Cyp19 mRNA expression in the brain （<italic>P</italic><0.01）， and up-regulated total ER<italic>β</italic> in dentate gyrus and brain （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. However， there was no significant change in total ER<italic>α</italic> expression in the dentate gyrus or brain. As revealed by comparison with the OVX group， the immobility time of the E₂ group was decreased significantly， while the horizontal and vertical movement scores were increased significantly （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. The E₂ levels in the serum was significantly elevated （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. The Cyp19 mRNA expression in the brain and the total ER<italic>α</italic> expression in the dentate gyrus and brain were not significantly changed， while the expression levels of total ER<italic>β</italic> in dentate gyrus and brain were significantly increased （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. In the YHT group， the immobility time declined significantly， and the horizontal and vertical movement scores rose significantly （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. The serum E₂ did not increase， whereas the brain E₂ increased significantly （<italic>P</italic><0.01）. The expression of Cyp19 gene in the brain was significantly increased （<italic>P</italic><0.05，<italic>P</italic><0.01）. There was no significant change in the total ER<italic>α</italic> of dentate gyrus and brain， but the expression levels of total ER<italic>β</italic> in dentate gyrus and brain were significantly increased （<italic>P</italic><0.05，<italic>P</italic><0.01）. PHTPP reversed the effects of YHT on OVX mice in FST， TST and OFT. Conclusion:YHT promotes the synthesis and release of endogenous estrogen in brain and improves the depression-like behavior of OVX mice induced by chronic stress， which is possibly related to the activation of E₂/ER<italic>β</italic> pathway.

Total flavonoids of Drynariae Rhizoma regulates ER-p38 MAPK signaling pathway to improve scopolamine-induced learning and memory impairments in model mice / 中国中药杂志

This study intended to explore the effect and mechanism of total flavonoids of Drynariae Rhizoma in improving scopola-mine-induced learning and memory impairments in model mice. Ninety four-month-old Kunming(KM) mice were randomly divided into six groups. The ones in the model group and blank group were treated with intragastric administration of normal saline, while those in the medication groups separately received the total flavonoids of Drynariae Rhizoma, Kangnaoshuai Capsules, donepezil, as well as total flavonoids of Rhizoma Drynariae plus estrogen receptor(ER) blocker by gavage. The mouse model of learning and memory impairments was established via intraperitoneal injection of scopolamine. Following the measurement of mouse learning and memory abilities in Morris water maze test, the hippocampal ERβ expression was detected by immunohistochemistry, and the expression levels of ERβ and phosphorylated p38(p-p38) in the hippocampus and B-cell lymphoma 2(Bcl-2), Bcl-2-associated death promoter(Bad), and cysteinyl aspartate-specific protease-3(caspase-3) in the apoptotic system were assayed by Western blot. The contents of malondia-ldehyde(MDA), superoxide dismutase(SOD), and nitric oxide(NO) in the hippocampus were then determined using corresponding kits. Compared with the control group, the model group exhibited significantly prolonged incubation period, reduced frequency of cros-sing the platform, shortened residence time in the target quadrant, lowered ERβ, Bcl-2 and SOD activity in the hippocampus, and increased p-p38/p38, Bad, caspase-3, MDA, and NO. Compared with the model group, the total flavonoids of Rhizoma Drynariae increased the expression of ERβ and SOD in the hippocampus, down-regulated the expression of neuronal pro-apoptotic proteins, up-re-gulated the expression of anti-apoptotic proteins, and reduced p-p38/p38, MDA, and NO. The effects of total flavonoids of Drynariae Rhizoma on the above indexes were reversed by ER blocker. It has been proved that the total flavonoids of Drynariae Rhizoma obviously alleviate scopolamine-induced learning and memory impairments in mice, which may be achieved by regulating the neuronal apoptotic system and oxidative stress via the ER-p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase(ER-p38 MAPK) signaling pathway.

Effect of Naringenin on Oxidative Stress and Tau Protein Phosphorylation of Aβ25-35-induced PC12 Cell Injury / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To investigate the effects of naringenin on oxidative stress and Tau protein phosphorylation of adrenal pheochromocytoma（PC12） cells injured by β-amyloid（Aβ）25-35 and its relationship with estrogen receptor（ER） and phosphatidylinositol -3 kinase/protein kinase B（PI3K/Akt） signaling pathway. Method:The PC12 cells were intervened with Aβ25-35 to prepare the injury model. The experiment was divided into blank group， model group， naringenin（400，40，4，0.4，0.04，4×10-3，4×10-4，4×10-5 μmol·L-1）group， positive drugs estradiol（E2）（1 nmol·L-1）+Aβ25-35 group， naringenin（0.4，0.04，4×10-3，4×10-4，4×10-5 μmol·L-1）+Aβ25-35 group， E2+Aβ25-35+ER antagonist（ICI182780）（1 μmol·L-1） group， naringenin+Aβ25-35+ICI182780 group， E2+Aβ25-35+PI3K blocker（LY294002）（50 μmol·L-1） group， naringenin+Aβ25-35+LY294002 group. Methye thiazolye telrazlium（MTT）method was used to detect the cell proliferation index， 2'，7'-Dichlorodi -hydrofluorescein diacetate（DCFH-DA） was used as a fluorescent probe to detect the content of reactive osygen species（ROS）， the content of malondialdehyde（MDA） and the activity of superoxide dismutase（SOD） were measured by thiobarbituric acid（TBA） and oxidase methods， Western blot was used to detect the expression of phosphorylated Tau protein/total Tau protein（p-Tau/t-Tau）. Result:According to the results of MTT experiment， 0.4 μmol·L-1 was selected as the best effective concentration of naringenin， compared with the blank group， the cell proliferation index of model group decreased significantly （P<0.01）， compared with model group， the cell proliferation index of naringenin+Aβ25-35 group increased significantly （P<0.01）. In addition， compared with blank group， the content of ROS， MDA and the expression of p-Tau/t-Tau in the model group increased significantly （P<0.01）， and the activity of SOD decreased significantly （P<0.01）， compared with model group， the content of ROS， MDA and the expression of p-Tau/t-Tau in naringenin+Aβ25-35 group decreased significantly （P<0.01）， and the activity of SOD increased significantly （P<0.01）， compared with naringenin+Aβ25-35 group， the addition of ICI182780 and LY294002 significantly reversed the role of naringenin in the above indicators （P<0.01）. The effect of naringenin was similar to that of E2. Conclusion:Naringenin can improve the cell proliferation index and protect PC12 cells from Aβ25-35 injury， which may be achieved by activating ER and PI3K/Akt signaling pathway to reduce ROS， MDA content， p-Tau/t-Tau expression and promote SOD activity.

Research progress of relationship between acute cerebral infarction and heart rate variability / 心血管康复医学杂志

Acute ischemic stroke is often accompanied with autonomic dysfunction .As a noninvasive monitoring measure ,heart rate variability (HRV) can quantitatively assess the changes of autonomic nervous activity in stroke patients by monitoring their heart rhythm ,providing reliable predictive information for cardiovascular and cerebro-vascular adverse events .The purpose of this article is to make a review on related researches about relationship be-tween HRV and stroke and predict and locate stroke by HRV .

A novel vitrified cryopreservation method for the establishment of tumor tissue biobank / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: Vitrified cryopreservation is a novel method for specimen preservation, which has a potential application value in the establishment of tumor biopsy biobank. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effectiveness of vitrified cryopreservation and the feasibility in the establishment of tumor biopsy biobank. METHODS: The fresh biopsy specimens of liver metastasis from rectal cancer were randomized into vitrified cryopreservation and control groups. Then, the biopsy specimens from each group were implanted subcutaneously into the mouse back to establish the humanized mouse xenograft model. The biological characteristics and histological changes of tumor tissues in each group were detected by Calcein-AM/Hoechst33342 staining, as well as immunohistochemistry and hematoxylin-eosin staining. Totally 105 biopsy tissues of liver metastasis from rectal cancer were preliminarily collected and cryopreserved to establish the tumor biopsy biobank. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: No significant differences in biological viability or histological features of tumor biopsy was detected before and after cryopreservation (P > 0.05), suggesting that vitrified cryopreservation can effectively preserve tumor biopsy and is favorable for the establishment of tumor biopsy biobank.

Action mechanism of apoptosis in the development of acute lung injury after severe acute pancreatitis / 解放军医学杂志

Objective To explore the role of apoptosis in the development of acute lung injury (ALI) after severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) and its mechanism via Notch/Hes signal transduction pathway in the pathologic process.Methods Fifty healthy male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into,sham group (n=8) and model group (n=42).Tissue samples of model group were collected randomly at 3 (n=10),6 (n=10),12 (n=10) and 24h (n=12) after model establishment.Tissue collection of Sham group was conducted at 3h.Left lung wet/dry weight ratio (W/D) was calculated;Histological scores of pancreatic and lung tissues were assessed under microscope;myeloperoxidase (MPO) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) of lung tissues were determined by enzymatic-chemical method and radioimmunoassay method respectively.Apoptosis of lung cells was evaluated by TUNEL assay followed by calculation of apoptosis index.Protein levels of Notch-l,Hes-1 and Hes-5 were also detected semi-quantitatively by Western blotting.Results The lung tissue W/D of model rats exhibited a gradual increment at the prior 12 hours,and the ratio was significantly higher than that of sham group at each time point (P＜0.01) while it reached the peak at 12h time point.Pancreatic and lung pathological scores of model groups were increased at all time points and significantly higher than sham group (P＜0.01).Lung pathological scores of model groups achieved a peak at 12h.Meanwhile,lung MPO and TNF-α of model groups showed the same increment trend at each time points.The apoptosis index (AI) of lung cells in model groups were higher than that in sham group (P＜0.01).Compared with sham group,the model groups showed lower protein expression levels of Notch-1,especially at 3,6 and 12h (P＜0.05).Notch-1 protein expression level of 12h group was lower than that of 3,6 and 24h groups (P＜0.01).Correlation analysis found that apoptosis of lung cells was significantly negatively related to histopathological scores (r=-0.834,P＜0.01).The Notch-1 protein expression showed positive correlation with AI (r=0.515,P=0.004),but significantly negative correlation with W/D (r=-0.593,P=0.001),histological scores (r=-0.306,P=0.002),MPO (r=-0.687,P＜0.01) and TNF-α (r=-0.574,P=0.001) in the lung tissue.Conclusions Lung cell apoptosis,which is negatively correlated to tissue injury levels,may play an important role in the development of ALI after SAP.Inhibitory state of Notch-1 signaling transduction can aggravate ALI in the pathologic process.

TRPV1 channel-mediated thermogenesis is a common mode for the Chinese pungent-hot or pungent-warm herbs to demonstrate their natures / 药学学报

To further uncover the scientific significance and molecular mechanism of the Chinese herbs with pungent hot or warm natures, endogenous and exogenous expression systems were established by isolation of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons and transfection of HEK293 cells with TRPV1 channel gene separately. On this basis, the regulation action of capsaicin, one main ingredient from chili pepper, on TRPV1 channel was further explored by using confocal microscope. Besides, the three-sites one-unit technique and method were constructed based on the brown adipose tissue (BAT), anal and tail skin temperatures. Then the effect of capsaicin on mouse energy metabolism was evaluated. Both endogenous and exogenous TRPV1 channel could be activated and this action could be specifically blocked by the TRPV1 channel inhibitor capsazepine. Simultaneously, the mice's core body temperature and BAT temperature fall down and then go up, accompanied by the increase of temperature of the mice's tail skin. Promotion of the energy metabolism by activation of TRPV1 channel might be the common way for the pungent-hot (warm) herbs to demonstrate their natures.

Surveillance analysis on anaphylactic rash after immunization in Ouhai District of Wenzhou City, 2008-2013 / 上海预防医学

[ Objective ] To analyze the characteristics of anaphylactic rash after vaccination in Ouhai District of Wenzhou City during 2008-2013. [ Methods ] Data on anaphylactic rash cases reported during 2008-2013 were collected through the national AEFI information management system.And descriptive epidemiologic methodology was used in this study. [ Results] A total of 111 anaphylactic rash cases were reported in Ouhai District during 2008-2013,the reported incidence rate of anaphylactic rash were 3.58 per million doses.The ratio of male-female was 1.27:1.Cases of ≤1 year old accounted for 65.77%.Those without fever accounted for 75.68%.The number of the reports for the third quarter of the year accounted for 41.44%of the total.The cases of anaphylactic rash mostly occurred within 24 h after immunization(81.08%) .The top three vaccines reported in occurrence of rash were measles and rubella at-tenuated live vaccine(35.14%), diphtheria, tetanus and acellular pertussis combined vaccine(18.92%), and A(H1N1)influenza vaccine(5.41%).The reported rates for the top three vaccines were 115.85, 29.33,13.07 per million doses for 7-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide conjugate vaccine,measles and rubella combined attenuated live vaccine, A(H1N1) influenza vaccine,respectively. [Conclusion] Differential diagnosis of anaphylactic rashes needs to be more stressed.Most anaphylactic rash were reported in the expected range,but still monitoring analysis on incidence of allergic rash should be enhanced.Vac-cines with higher incidence of rash reported should be further studied and analyzed.

Clinical re-evaluation of effects of two different "cocktail therapy" to prevent from phlebitis induced by Chansu injection / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To re-evaluate the effects of different "cocktail therapy" to prevent from phlebitis induced by Chansu injection.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Patients treated with Chansu injection were divided randomLy into 4 groups with 90 per group, control group, phentolaminum group, the magnesium sulfate group-phentolaminum group, and anisodamine-phentolaminum group. Patients in the control group only received the routine nursing treatment, and patients in the various experiment group received different interventions. The comparison was made in the morbidity and the starting time of occurrence of phlebitis, the severity of pain, duration of pain.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The morbidity of phlebitis was 8%, 8%, 6%, respectively. The starting time of phlebitis occurrence was (22 +/- 4), (27 +/- 5), (28 +/- 7) h, respectively. The NRS of pain was (4.75 +/- 1.51), (3.27 +/- 1.02), (2.71 +/- 1.63), respectively. The duration time of pain was (4.25 +/- 1.36), (2.51 +/- 1.05), (2.19 +/- 1.13) d respectively. In control group, the morbidity of phlebitis, the starting time of occurrence of phlebitis, the severity of pain, duration of pain was 30%, (16 +/- 4) h, (6.34 +/- 1.21), (5.47 +/- 1.07) d, respectively. As compared with the control group, a significance difference was found between every group in three test groups and control group respectively (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The morbidity and the starting time of occurrence of phlebitis, the severity of pain, duration of pain was significantly reduced respectively by two different "cocktail therapy".</p>

Hypolipidemic effects of alismatis rhizome on lipid profile in mice fed high-fat diet

To investigate the effect of Alismatis rhizome [AR] extract on lipid profile in mice fed high-fat diet. The study was performed in Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Resource and Compound Prescription [Hubei University of Chinese Medicine], Ministry of Education, Wuhan, China, between December 2009 and June 2010. Forty male Kunming mice [8-week-old] were randomly divided into 4 groups and were treated for 4 weeks: Group 1: normal control, Group 2: high-fat control, Group 3: positive control and Group 4: AR 2.26g/kg. The hypolipidemic effects of AR were evaluated by serum lipids, liver lipids, and reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Serum aminotransferases and histopathological changes were also measured. Alismatis rhizome treatment resulted in an obvious decrease in serum and liver cholesterol, triglyceride along with elevated serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in hyperlipidemic mice. The histopathological results showed that adipose vacuoles in AR treated mice liver were almost identical to those of normal control mice. Serum alanine transaminase, aspartate aminotransferase and the relative liver weight in AR treated mice were decreased significantly. Alismatis rhizome substantially decreased the mRNA expression of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase [Hmgcr], while the expressions of sterol regulatory element binding factor 2 [Srebf2] and cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase [Cyp7a1] were marginally affected. These results confirmed the efficacy of AR in the treatment of hyperlipidemia. Alismatis rhizome may act by decreasing the liver synthesis of cholesterol, rather than by increasing the cholesterol catabolism

Inhibitory effects of attenuated Salmonella typhimurium-mediated TRAIL and VP3 gene against gastric cancer cells / 第二军医大学学报

Objective: To investigate the inhibitory effect of eukaryotic expression vector (attenuated salmonella typhimurium) carrying tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL) and Chicken anemia virus VP3 gene on gastric cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Methods: The cloning vectors pBud-TRAIL, pBud-VP3, and pBud-TRAIL-VP3 were transformed into attenuated Salmonella typhimurium by electric transformation technique. The S. typhimurium-based carriers were then transfected into gastric cancer cells, line SGC-7901 after stability assay. The expression of fusion green fluorescent protein was examined using fluorescent microscopy after 24 h. MTT assay was used to examine the inhibition of cell growth. Flow cytometry was used to detect cycle distribution and apoptosis rates of cells. The expression of caspase-3 and caspase-9 was assayed by immunohistochemistry method. Salmonella typhimurium carrying recombinant plasmid was administrated orally in sarcoma-bearing mice; 8 weeks later RT-PCR was used to detect the expression of cloning vectors in tumor tissue. Meanwhile, the sizes of tumors were also determined. Results: The recombinant plasmids were stably transformed into attenuated Salmonella typhimurium, and the plasmids was satisfactorily expressed in gastric cancer cells via attenuated Salmonella typhimurium. TRAIL and VP3 inhibited the proliferation of gastric cancer cells after 48 h. Flow cytometry analysis showed that the pBud-TRAIL-VP3 obviously enhanced apoptosis rates of gastric cancer cells. TRAIL and VP3 jointly increased the expression of caspase-3 and caspase-9. In vivo study showed that TRAIL and VP3 genes were expressed in tumor tissue and could inhibit the tumor growth(P<0.05). Conclusion: Attenuated Salmonella typhimurium-mediated TRAIL and VP3 transfection of gastric cancer cells can inhibit cell growth in vitro and in vivo. The joint effect of TRAIL and VP3 is correlated with the increase of caspase-3 and caspase-9 expression.

(99)Tc(m)-MIBI exercise stress single photon emission computed tomography myocardial perfusion imaging of patients with myocardial bridge / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the exercise single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) myocardial perfusion imaging of patients with myocardial bridge and assess the association between myocardial ischemia and extent of myocardial systolic compression.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Seventeen patients with myocardial bridge diagnosed by coronary angiogram were included and underwent exercise SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Abnormal SPECT perfusion imaging was evidenced in 12 out of 17 patients with myocardial bridge (2 out of 6 patients with systolic compression induced stenosis < 50%, 3 out of 4 patients with systolic compression induced stenosis between 50% - 75% and 7 out of 7 patients with the systolic compression induced stenosis between 75% - 100%).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Exercise stress SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging could detect myocardial ischemia in patients with myocardial bridge and abnormal perfusion is positively related to the extent of systolic compression induced stenosis.</p>

Expression of epoxygenases belonging to CYP2 family in rat myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury in vivo

To elucidate the expression of epoxygenases belonging to cytochrome P-450 mono-oxygenases [CYP2] family in rat ischemic myocardium at varying reperfusion periods, and the effect of epoxygenase inhibition on the post-ischemic heart. The current study was conducted in the Department of Pharmacology, Medical College of Wuhan University, China, between September 2004 and June 2005. Rats were subjected to 40 minutes of myocardial ischemia, followed by 0, 15, 60, and 180 minutes of reperfusion. Superoxide generation was assayed by confocal microscopy, CYP2B1/2, 2C6, 2E1, 2J3 gene expressions were determined by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Fourteen, 15-dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acid [DHET] concentration was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The effects of the CYP epoxygenase inhibitor N-methylsulphonyl-6-[2-propargyloxyphenyl] hexanamide [MS-PPOH] on myocardial damage and superoxide generation caused by 60 minutes of reperfusion were also evaluated. During myocardial ischemia/reperfusion, CYP2C6 and 2J3 mRNA expression were up-regulated with the peak level at 15 minutes of reperfusion; CYP2E1 gene expression decreased in a time dependent manner and reached the minimum level at 180 minutes of post-ischemia. Meanwhile, no obvious variations of CYP2B1/2 gene expression were detected during different reperfusion periods. Fourteen, 15-DHET significantly increased during reperfusion in ischemic hearts. The MS-PPOH pretreatment [15 mg/kg] effectively reduced myocardial damage and superoxide production. There are changes in gene expression of individual isozymes and an elevation of CYP epoxygenase activity involved in myocardial reperfusion injury in vivo. Epoxygenase inhibition plays a protective role in cardiac post-ischemic damage

A research on TGFBI gene mutations in Chinese families with corneal dystrophies / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To identify what kind of TGFBI gene mutation happening to Chinese patients with corneal dystrophies.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Three Chinese families with stromal corneal dystrophies and one Chinese family with Thiel-Behnke corneal dystrophies were studied, of whom three were Han race and another was Mongolia race in China. All members of families were examined clinically and their genomic DNAs were extracted from blood leukocytes. Thirteen exons in TGFBI gene were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and directly sequenced for molecular analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Mutations in TGFBI gene were detected from all the patients with corneal dystrophy, but not found in normal subjects of families. The mutation R555W was found and identified from the family with granular corneal dystrophy; R555Q from the family with Thiel-Behnke corneal dystrophy; and R124H from the other two families with Avellino corneal dystrophy.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The above study results show that the amino acids R124 and R555, if their genetic codes result from the mutations, play an important role in the pathogenesis of autosomal dominant corneal dystrophy of Chinese patients, and the molecular genetic analysis can improve the accuracy of diagnosing corneal dystrophy. In China, the mutation R555Q found in the family with Thiel-Behnke corneal dystrophy is reported for the first time.</p>

Construction of antisense telomerase hTERT and its effect on K562 cells / 中华血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVES</b>To investigate whether antisense human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) could inhibit the activity of telomerase and the proliferation of K562 cells.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The antisense plasmid was constructed by reverse insertion of hTERT PCR product into plasmid pLNCX-neo. Then the constructed plasmid was introduced into K562 cells by liposomes-mediated DNA transfection. The inhibition effects of telomerase on the proliferation of K562 cells were analyzed by MTT and colony formation assay, the telomerase activity of K562 cells by TRAP-PCR ELISA methods.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The growth rate of antisense hTERT transfected K562 cells was significantly lower than those of the controls, and the colony formation capacity of the transfected cells decreased significantly (P < 0.01), the colony number is (100.33 +/- 7.57)/10(3) cells, (92.67 +/- 5.86)/10(3) cells and (50.33 +/- 6.11)/10(3) cells for control K562 cells, K562 neo cells and antisense hTERT transfected HL60 cells, respectively. The telomerase activity of antisense hTERT transfected K562 cells was significantly inhibited.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The expression of an antisense sequence to the mRNA sequence of telomerase protein subunit can inhibit the activity of telomerase, slow the cell growth and inhibit the capacity of colony formation of K562 cells.</p>

Serum Level of Three Kinds of PAEs in Children Living in City and Countryside in an Area in China / 环境与健康杂志

Objective To understand the body burden of PAES in the children aged 10-12 years,living in city and countryside and estimate the potential hazard of PAEs for the children. Methods The reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) was employed to determine the serum level of three kinds PAEs (DEP,DBP and DEHP) in two groups of children,including 36 city children and 38 countryside children in Jan. 2007. Results In the city children,the average serum level (median) of PAEs was 0.002 6 mg/L for DEP,0.035 9 mg/L for DBP and 0.106 25 mg/L for DEHP. In the countryside children,the serum level of PAEs was 0.000 0 mg/L for DEP,0.040 6 mg/L for DBP and 0.052 45 mg/L for DEHP. The differences of average levels of DEP and DEHP between the two groups were significant (P