Current advances in understanding neuroprotective effect of acteoside in neurodegenerative disease / 中国药理学通报

Acteoside is among the most widespread of thedisaccharide caffeoyl esters that are widely distributed in the plant kingdom with diverse biological activities. Recent studies have shown that acteoside has neuroprotective activity in neurodegenerative diseases. This review examines and extrapolates from the recent literature to build support for the use of acteoside in mitigating neuropathy in neurodegenerative disease, including Parkinson ' s disease (PD) and Alzheimer' s disease (AD). We summarize the main pharmacokinetic parameters of acteoside in animals after different administration routes. Meanwhile, we point out both problems and shortcomings, and highlight its future development trend.

Clinical effects of 5-aminolaevulinic acid photodynamic therapy in moderate to severe acne vulgaris / 中华医学美学美容杂志

Objective To evaluate the clinical effectiveness of 5-aminolaevulinic acid (ALA)-based photodynamic therapy (PDT) for the treatment of moderate to severe acne vulgaris.Methods From January to June 2013,a total of 43 patients with moderate to severe acne vulgaris were treated by 5 aminolaevulinic acid based PDT with red light.All patients were received three times of treatment at 2-week intervals.Clinical assessment was conducted before and at 2,4,6 and 8 weeks after treatment.Results The lesion counts of both inflammatory and non-inflammatory lesions were reduced significantly after treatment.The mean percentage reduction in inflammatory lesions was 88.9 ％ at 8 weeks after the treatment,meanwhile that in non-inflammatory lesions was 73.4％.After 8 weeks of treatment,55.8％ patients (24/43)showed clinical cure,and 41.9％ patients (18/43)showed excellent response and 2.3％ patient (1/43) showed good response.Only 4.7％ patients (2/43)showed signs of recurrence after 4 months after ALA-PDT.After one course of ALA-PDT,the symptoms in this recurrent case were significant improvement.The common adverse effects included pain,edema and transient hyperpigmentation.They could gradually disappear without a need of special intervention.Conclusions ALA-PDT is a safe and effective therapeutic option for the treatment of moderate to severe acne vulgaris.

Relationships between serum vitamin B12 level and arsenic methylation capability, and risk of arsenicosis / 中华地方病学杂志

Objective To investigate the relationship between serum vitamin B12 level and arsenic methylation and the risk of arsenic poisoning in the arsenic exposed population.Methods Three villages in Midu County,Dali City,Yunnan Province were investigated.Cross-sectional study was used to select 103 subjects.The population was divided into three groups according to drinking water arsenic exposure situation and whether arsenic poisoning patients:28 cases of control group (not exposed to high arsenic),30 cases of arsenic patient group and 45 cases of non patient group.Instant peripheral blood samples and urine samples were collected.The content of arsenic in urine was determined by hydride generation cold trap and atomic absorption spectrophotometry.The levels of vitamin B12 in serum were determined by chemiluminescence immunoassay.The urine arsenic and serum vitamin B12 contents in different groups were compared,the arsenic poisoning prevalence rate in people with different levels of serum vitamin B12 was investigated,and the correlation between serum vitamin B12 level and the metabolism of arsenic methylation was analyzed.Results The level of urinary inorganic arsenic (iAs),monomethylated arsenic (MMA) and dimethylated arsenic (DMA),total arsenic (tAs) were significantly different between groups (F =13.032,20.778,21.978,22.155,all P ＜ 0.05).The levels of urine arsenic in patients with arsenic exposure [(94.56 ± 107.62),(75.76 ± 54.31),(270.19 ± 185.10),(444.02 ± 323.28) μg/g Cr] and non patient with arsenic exposure [(40.05 ± 47.47),(45.11 ± 46.06),(183.91± 151.45),(270.84 ± 231.45) μg/g Cr] were significantly higher than those in control group [(7.58 ± 4.82),(4.27 ± 2.01),(26.89 ± 11.45),(38.91 ± 13.34) μg/g Cr,all P ＜ 0.05].The serum levels of vitamin B12 were significantly different between groups (F =6.650,P ＜ 0.05),patients exposed to arsenic [(366.05 ± 120.03) ng/L] was significantly lower than the control group [(533.70 ± 180.12) ng/L,P ＜ 0.05].There were significant differences in the detection rate of arsenic poisoning among different levels of serum vitamin B12 (x2=8.13,P ＜ 0.05),the lower dose of vitamin B12,the more serious the incidence of arsenic poisoning.The content of vitamin B12 was negatively correlated with MMA％ (r =-0.21,P ＜ 0.05),and positively correlated with SMR (r =0.21,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Low levels of vitamin B12 in serum may increase the risk of arsenic poisoning.

Analysis on codon bias of farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase gene in Astragalus membranaceus / 中草药

Objective: Farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase (FPS) is the key enzyme in biosynthesis pathway of astragaloside IV. The purpose of the experiment was to provide the theory basis for selecting appropriate expression systems and regulating the content of astragaloside IV. Method: FPS gene coding sequence was cloned based on Astragalus membranaceus from Changbai Mountain. Synonymous codons usage of FPS gene was analyzed by EMBOSS and Codon W programs and compared with the genome of other seven plants, such as Zea mays and Artemisia apiacea, and E. coli. Results: FPS gene of A. membranaceus was bias toward the codon with A and T at the third codon position and there are 22 codons showing the significant differences between FPS gene of A. membranaceus and E. coli genome. Conclution: The codons need to be optimized to improve the expression level of FPS gene in E. coli.

Shugan Jieyu Capsules combined with conventional therapy for type III B prostatitis complicated by sexual dysfunction / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the clinical effect of Shugan Jieyu Capsules (SJC) on type III B prostatitis complicated by sexual dysfunction.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 98 patients with type III B prostatitis complicated by sexual dysfunction were equally randomized to a control and a trial group, the former treated with the combination of biofeedback/electrical stimulation and the α-blocker Tamsulosin Hydrochloride, and the latter with oral SJC in addition, both for 8 weeks. Before and after treatment, the severity of the symptoms was determined with NIH-CPSI, the patients'sexual function evaluated with CIPE-5 and IIEF-5, and their anxiety, depression and other psychological problems assessed with Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale ( HAMD). The results were subjected to statistical analysis and compared between the two groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Statistically significant differences were found between the control and trial groups in the NIH-CPSI score (26.31 ± 7.91 vs 18.84 ± 6.63, P < 0.01), CIPE-5 premature ejaculation score (10. 41 ± 3.03 vs 14.37 ± 2.35, P < 0.05), IIEF-5 score (10.29 ± 3.97 vs 14.69 ± 4.19, P < 0.05), HAMA score (24.31 ± 1.78 vs 13.41 ± 4.21, P < 0.01), and HAMD score (25.24 ± 2.83 vs 14.49 ± 4.44, P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>SJC can effectively relieve anxiety, depression and other psychological problems in type III B prostatitis patients with sexual dysfunction and improve their clinical symptoms as well.</p>

Correction of secondary nasal deformity of cleft lip with autogenous costal cartilage framework / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the correction of secondary nasal deformity of cleft lip with autogenous costal cartilage framework.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>237 cases with secondary nasal deformity of unilateral cleft lip were treated. The rib cartilage was harvested through a mini-invasive incision, and was fabricated as a C-shaped framework, as well as some cartilage fragments. Through transcolumella incision, the C-shaped framework was implanted to support the depressed alar and the cartilage fragments were used to augment the nasal base.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Satisfactory cosmetic and functional results were achieved in all the patients with primary healing. 93 patients were followed up one year after operation with good cosmetic results.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Autogenous costal cartilage framework can be used for the correction of secondary nasal deformity of cleft lip with satisfactory results.</p>

Total nasal reconstruction with total rib cartilage framework / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate a new technique for nasal reconstruction with total rib cartilage framework.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The expanded frontal flap was fabricated by skin expansion and flap delay to cover the reconstructed nose. The dorsal flap was reversed as the lining of reconstructed nose. The whole framework was made by rib cartilage. Secondary revision operation was also performed to make the reconstructed nose more natural.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Total nasal reconstruction was performed successfully in 37 cases. Each patient underwent 4-7 operation during a period of 6-8 months. 32 patients were followed up for 12-24 months. The reconstructed nose had a natural skin color and symmetric appearance with good ventilation and less scar. Both doctors and patients were satisfied with the results.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Satisfactory cosmetic result and ventilation function can be achieved by nasal reconstruction with total rib cartilage framework.</p>

Closure of cystic cavity-type bedsore by subcutaneous undermining dissection with continuous negative pressure drainage / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the clinical effect of subcutaneous undermining dissection with continuous negative pressure drainage for the closure of cystic cavity-type bedsore.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>12 patients with cystic cavity-type bedsore underwent surgical debridement and the wounds were closed after subcutaneous undermining dissection. The negative pressure drainage was put in the deep space. The healing process was observed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Completed healing was achieved in all the 12 cases. The skin wounds healed after 17-20 days and the deep spaces closed after 36-43 days. 12 cases were followed up for 1 year with no occurrence.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>It is an easy and effective method to treat cystic cavity -type bedsore by subcutaneous undermining dissection with continuous negative pressure drainage.</p>

A clinical study of flap necrosis protection with dexamethasone / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>This clinical study was to find an effective method to prevent flap from necrosis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>When a flap showed blood flow problems, dexamethasone of 0.3 mg/kg was given intravenously for 2 days. Then the dose was decreased to 0.2 mg/kg at the third and the fourth day. At the fifth and the sixth day, dexamethasone of 0.1 mg/kg was given.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 51 flaps with blood flow problems was treated with this method. Thirty of them recovered completely; 18 survived mostly and 3 failed.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Early application of dexamethasone can effectively ameliorate blood flow problems of the flap.</p>