ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to differentiate chromophobe renal cell carcinoma and clear cell renal cell carcinoma on helical CT. METHODS: The CT images of 9 patients histopathologically proven to have chromophobe renal cell carcinoma and 20 patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma were reviewed. The tumor sizes, margins, enhancement degrees and patterns, presence or absence of calcification, and tumor spread patterns (including perinephric changes, venous invasion, lymphadenopathy, and distant metastasis) were compared. RESULTS: All the chromophobe renal cell carcinomas showed well-demarcated margins. Thechromophobe renal cell carcinomas showed milder enhancements than the clear cell renal cell carcinomas. The sensitivity and specificity for differentiating the chromophobe renal cell carcinoma from the clear cell renal cell carcinoma were 100 and 88%, respectively, when 101 Hounsfield units was used as the cut-off value in the corticomedullary phase, and 95 and 100% when a less-than-three-time enhancement change was used as a cut-off value in the corticomedullary phase (p0.05). CONCLUSION: The CT findings of the chromophobe renal cell carcinomascompared to those of the clear cell renal cell carcinomas showed that there were mild enhancements in the corticomedullary phase, homogeneous enhancements, and well-demarcated margins.
Subject(s)
Humans , Carcinoma, Renal Cell , Lymphatic Diseases , Tomography, Spiral ComputedABSTRACT
We report a case of malignant melanoma of Eustachian tube with extension to the middle ear cavity and nasopharynx in a 51-year-old woman who presented with right ear fullness. Computed tomography showed a soft tissue mass in the middle ear cavity and causedthe widening and eroding of the bony eustachian tube. Magnetic resonance imaging showed well enhancing mass in eustachian tube extending nasopharynx to middle ear cavity. A biopsy of the middle ear cavity mass revealed a malignant amelanotic melanoma.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Ear Neoplasms/diagnosis , Ear, Middle/pathology , Eustachian Tube , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Melanoma/diagnosis , Nasopharynx/pathology , Neoplasm Invasiveness , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To compare the usefulness of real-time compound US (RCUS) with that of conventional US (CUS) and pulse inversion harmonic (PIH) imaging in the diagnosis of malignant breast tumors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In 22 female patients whose mean age was 49 years, we evaluated the RCUS findings of pathologically proven [core biopsy (n=9), mammotome tissue bigpsy (n=10), excisional bispsy (n=3)] malignant breast tumors, comparing them with the findings of CUS and PIH imaging. Evaluation of these masses was in terms of their marginal distinction, internal echogenicity, boundary and posterior echo pattern, relationship with the adjacent lactiferous ductal system, and the presence of necrosis (12/22) and calcification (6/22). RESULTS: In terms of marginal distinction, internal echogenicity, boundary echo patterns, and the relationship with adjacent ductal system, RCUS was superior to both conventional US and PIH Imaging (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: For the diagnosis of malignant breast tumors RCUS was more useful than CUS or PIH imaging.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Biopsy , Breast Neoplasms , Breast , Diagnosis , NecrosisABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: We aimed to investigate the contribution of eosinophils, mast cells, ICAM-1, and coexisting allergic rhinitis in the pathogenesis of nasal polyps by comparing with turbinate mucosae. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Nasal polyps (NP), middle turbinate mucosa (MT) and inferior turbinate mucosa (IT) were taken from 18 patients with chronic sinusitis and nasal polyps. Among them, 8 patients had concomitant allergic rhinitis. Specimens were immunohistochemically stained to quantify mast cells, eosinophils, and ICAM-1 in the unit area of tissues. RESULTS: NP were infiltrated by significantly higher number of eosinophils as compared with MT and IT (median EG2 positive cells/mm2: 153 in NP, 37 in MT, 11 in IT: p<0.005). Numbers of mast cells (tryptase positive cells) in NP were significantly decreased as compared with those of IT (median: 21 vs. 49/mm2, p<0.05). NP revealed significantly higher ICAM-1 expression both in the vessels and in the epithelia than IT (p<0.05). Presence of concomitant allergic rhinitis did not make any significant difference. There was no significant difference in eosinophils, mast cells, and ICAM-1 expression between MT and IT. CONCLUSION: NP revealed more eosinophils and ICAM-1 expression compared to the turbinate mucosa, regardless of concomitant allergic rhinitis. Though NP develops more frequently in the MT than in the IT, there are no significant differences in the number of eosinophils, mast cells, and the expression of ICAM-1 between them.
Subject(s)
Humans , Eosinophils , Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 , Mast Cells , Mucous Membrane , Nasal Polyps , Rhinitis , Sinusitis , TurbinatesABSTRACT
No abstract available.