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Objective: To explore the related factors of negative conversion time (NCT) of nucleic acid in children with COVID-19. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted. A total of 225 children who were diagnosed with COVID-19 and admitted to Changxing Branch of Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from April 3rd to May 31st 2022 were enrolled in the study. The infection age, gender, viral load, basic disease, clinical symptoms and information of accompanying caregivers were retrospectively analyzed. According to age, the children were divided into<3 years of age group and 3-<18 years of age group. According to the viral nucleic acid test results, the children were divided into positive accompanying caregiver group and negative accompanying caregiver group. Comparisons between groups were performed using Mann-Whitney U test or Chi-square test. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the related factors of NCT of nucleic acid in children with COVID-19. Results: Among the 225 patients (120 boys and 105 girls) of age 2.8 (1.3, 6.2) years, 119 children <3 years and 106 children 3-<18 years of age, 19 cases were diagnosed with moderate COVID-19, and the other 206 cases were diagnosed with mild COVID-19. There were 141 patients in the positive accompanying caregiver group and 84 patients in the negative accompanying caregiver group.Patients 3-<18 years of age had a shorter NCT (5 (3, 7) vs.7 (4, 9) d, Z=-4.17, P<0.001) compared with patients <3 years of age. Patients in the negative accompanying caregiver group had a shorter NCT (5 (3, 7) vs.6 (4, 9) d,Z=-2.89,P=0.004) compared with patients in the positive accompanying caregiver group. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that anorexia was associated with NCT of nucleic acid (OR=3.74,95%CI 1.69-8.31, P=0.001). Conclusion: Accompanying caregiver with positive nucleic acid test may prolong NCT of nucleic acid, and decreased appetite may be associated with prolonged NCT of nucleic acid in children with COVID-19.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Young Adult , China/epidemiology , COVID-19/genetics , Nucleic Acids , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
Objective:To summarize the international experience in colorectal cancer population screening programs， so as to provide reference for the development and promotion of similar programs in China. Methods:We used “colorectal cancer population screening program” as key words to search the database of CNKI and Web of Science in this study. Results:A total of 18 reports （including 17 programs） were selected from 187 Chinese and 1 256 English literatures. International colorectal cancer screening programs were organized to target asymptomatic 50-74 years old population for fecal immunochemical test every two years and recommend participants with positive result to take further colonoscopy. These programs reduced the incidence of colorectal cancer and adenoma， which were beneficial to early diagnosis and treatment in colorectal cancer patients. They also showed good cost-effectiveness. Conclusion:Based on the domestic and foreign experiences， we suggest to further improve colorectal cancer screening programs in China， including designing evidence-based and feasible strategies， attaching importance to the implementation and management of the programs， and simultaneously implementing project monitoring and effectiveness evaluation.
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Reprogramming of metabolism is one of the most critical features in tumorigenesis and tumor growth. Many types of cancer show an increased demand for specific amino acids, rely on exogenous supplies, or alter amino acid metabolic pathways, leading to changes in corresponding amino acid levels to meet the need of tumorigenesis. Therefore, if the level of tumor growth-dependent amino acids can be effectively controlled, a new treatment strategy can be developed from the perspective of cell metabolism. At present, remarkable progress has been made in this field. This paper outlines the amino acid metabolic pathways closely related to tumorigenesis and tumor growth, and summarizes the corresponding regulatory mechanisms and active molecules. Finally, the direction of the field is discussed and prospected for future development.
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Objective To investigate the distribution and antimicrobial resistance of bacteria isolated from sputum of patients in respiratory intensive care unit (RICU).Methods Non-repetitive bacteria isolated from sputum specimens of 557 hospitalized patients in RICU of a tertiary first-class hospital between January 2013 and December 2015 were collected,antimicrobial resistance of bacteria was analyzed.Results A total of 1 131 bacterial strains were isolated,212 (18.8 ％) were gram-positive bacteria and 919 (81.2 ％) were gram-negative bacteria.The top five species were Acinetobacter baumannii (30.2 ％),Pseudomonas aeruginosa (21.1 ％),Staphylococcus aureus (18.2％),Klebsiella pneumoniae (9.8％),and Serratia marcescens (8.3％).In 2013-2015,isolation rate of Staphylococcus aureus and non-fermentative bacteria showed no obvious changing tendency,but isolation rate of Enterobacteriaceae strains had increasing tendency.Antimicrobial susceptibility testing results showed that Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa exhibited high resistance rates to imipenem,levofloxacin,and gentamicin (all ＞ 60％),resistance rate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to ceftazidime showed a downward trend (from 59.4％ to 37.5％);isolation rate of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was 96.1％,susceptibility to tigecycline,vancomycin,linezolid,compound sulfamethoxazole,quinupristin/dalfopristin were almost 100％;resistance rates of Enterobacteriaceae strains to sulfonamide decreased from 55.6％ to 14.3 ％,but resistance rates to ceftazidime,cefotaxime,imipenem,levofloxacin,and gentamicin were all ＞60％.Conclusion The major bacteria isolated from sputum of patients in RICU are Acinetobacter baumannii,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,and Staphylococcus aureus,antimicrobial resistance of isolated bacteria is serious.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>The present study was to evaluate the effects of nuclear factor of kappa B decoy oligodeoxynucleotides on murine multiple myeloma models.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The severe combined immunodeficient mice were injected subcutaneously with RPMI-8226 myeloma cells. When tumors became measurable, the mice were divided into 2 treatment groups who respectively received 5 µg/g or 10 µg/g liposome-NF-κB decoy ODN compounds, and one control group was selected; the control group received 10 µg/g liposome-NF-κB mutant decoy ODN compounds, twice per week for 4 weeks. The mice were killed when they died or the tumor diameter became >2 cm.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The liposome-NF-κB decoy ODN could efficiently suppress NF-κB DNA binding activity and inhibited the expression of IL-6. As compared with the control group, the two liposome-NF-κB decoy ODN-treated groups showed more remarkably survival time and smaller tumor volume.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>In vivo transfection of NF-κB decoy ODN may provide a new therapeutic strategy for multiple myeloma.</p>