Immunohistochemistry and Polymerase Chain Reaction for Detection Human Papilloma Virus in Warts: A Comparative Study

BACKGROUND: Immunohistochemistry and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) are the most widely used methods for the detection of viruses. PCR is known to be a more sensitive and specific method than the immunohistochemical method at this time, but PCR has the disadvantages of high cost and skilled work to use widely. With the progress of technology, the immunohistochemical methods used in these days has come to be highly sensitive and actively used in the diagnostic fields. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate and compare the usefulness of immunohistochemistry and PCR for detection human papilloma virus (HPV) in wart lesions. METHODS: Nine biopsy samples of verruca vulgaris and 10 of condyloma accuminatum were examined. Immunohistochemical staining using monoclonal antibody to HPV L1 capsid protein and PCR were done for the samples. DNA sequencing of the PCR products and HPV genotyping were also done. RESULTS: HPV detection rate was 78.9% (88.9% in verruca vulgaris, 70.0% in condyloma accuminatum) on immunohistochemistry and 100.0% for PCR. HPV-6 genotype showed a lower positivity rate on immunohistochemistry (50.0%) as compared to that of the other HPV genotypes. CONCLUSION: Immunohistochemistry for HPV L1 capsid protein showed comparable sensitivity for detection HPV. Considering the high cost and great effort needed for the PCR methods, we can use immunohistochemistry for HPV L1 capsid protein with the advantage of lower cost and simple methods for HPV detection.

A Clinical Study on the Tattoos of Young Korean Males / 대한피부과학회지

BACKGROUND: Recently, tattooing of the body has become popular, and its associated psychological, sociological, and cultural implications have changed compared to past years. However, little is known about the current clinical features, including motive and satisfaction for having a tattoo, because of societal repulsions toward the practice. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical manifestations of tattooed young Korean males and to compare the findings with previous studies. METHODS: Between September 2010 and July 2011, 223 patients with tattoos who visited the Eulji Medical Center and Armed Forces Yangju Hospital were selected. The patients were evaluated through a self-administrated questionnaire and physical examinations. RESULTS: The majority of patients were classified into the "did not complete university" education group (56.1%). Most tattooed males had two living parents (83.4%) and were raised in households whose income statuses were not marked by poverty. The average age at which their first tattoo was received was 19.0 years. Most tattooed males had a negative attitude towards their tattoos (67.3%). The most common motivation for getting a tattoo was curiosity, but cosmetic purposes were also important (19.4%). A majority of the tattooing was conducted by a tattoo artist (73.3%). The most common tattoo content was letters. Black-colored tattoos were most frequently observed. The complication rate was 13.9%. The most common motivation for tattoo removal was negative comments that were made at work, in public, and in school (38.2%). CONCLUSION: Recent patterns of tattooing have changed significantly since previous reports. The satisfaction rate in getting a tattoo was not favorable. Understanding the current clinical features related to tattooing is important and it is necessary for dermatologists to provide professional advice regarding tattooing among young males.

A Case of Milia en Plaque on Upper Extremity / 대한피부과학회지

Milia en plaque is characterized by multiple milia-like lesions within an erythematous plaque. Milia en plaque is a rarely reported entity which usually appears in the auricular region. We report the case of a 72-year-old woman who presented with milia en plaque on the left arm after NSAIDs injection. This is a rare case because there are no records of Milia en Plaque occurring on an arm in Korea.

Two Cases of Cutaneous Sinus Tract of Dental Origin / 대한피부과학회지

Cutaneous sinus tract of dental origin usually arises from chronic dental infection. Because many patients with these lesions do not have any complaints of oral symptoms, the lesions are often diagnosed incorrectly and overlooked. We report two cases of cutaneous sinus tract of dental origin. One case on nasolabial fold originated from the maxillary canine periapical abscess. Another case on the mandible originated from the mandibular 2nd premolar periapical abscess. Endodontic root canal therapy resulted in complete healing of the lesions in both cases. Early correct diagnosis and treatment of the lesions can prevent unnecessary and ineffective antibiotic therapy or surgical treatment.

A Case of Atypical CD30+ Lymphocytic Hyperplasia Following Tick Bite / 대한피부과학회지

Since the discovery of the CD30 molecule, its expression has been considered a reliable marker for CD30+ lymphomas, including lymphomatoid papulosis, primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma and borderline cases. However, CD30+ cells can be observed in Hodgkin's lymphoma, as well as in T-cell and B-cell lymphomas or NK cell lymphomas. Furthermore, it can also be found in reactive inflammatory disorders or in non-lymphoid neoplasms. It is very important to differentiate between lymphomas and reactive inflammatory disorders using a combination of clinical, histological, phenotypic and molecular analyses. We report a case of atypical CD30+ lymphocytic hyperplasia in a 57-year-old man following tick bite.

A Case of Spiny Keratoderma Associated with Diabetes Mellitus and Hypothyroidism / 대한피부과학회지

Spiny keratoderma is a dermatosis consisting of multiple projections located on the palms and soles with a distinct histology characteristic of a parakeratotic column. This disease has been associated with various underlying benign or malignant diseases. We report a case of a 72-year-old female patient with spiny keratoderma associated with diabetes mellitus and hypothyroidism.

A Case of Silicone Rubber-Induced Foreign Body Granuloma with Skin Defect / 대한피부과학회지

Silicone has become one of the most commonly used biomaterials in modern medicine. There are three forms of silicone in medical use: silicone oil, gel, and rubber. Among these, silicone rubbers are used as heart valves, shunts, coatings on pacemakers and implants of cosmetic surgery. In tissues, silicone produces a range of histological reactions depending on the form of silicone. We report a case of a foreign body granuloma due to the prescence of silicone rubber inserted for nasal augmentation fifteen years previously, and review the complications of augmentation rhinoplasty using silicone implants.

A Clinical Study of Postoperative Efficacy of Superficial Liposuction in Axillary Osmidrosis / 대한피부과학회지

BACKGROUND: Axillary osmidrosis is characterized by unpleasant odor, profuse sweating and occasionally staining of clothes. Classical surgical treatment of axillary osmidrosis may result in many complications, such as scarring, hematoma and necrosis. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of superficial liposuction in the treatment of axillary osmidrosis. METHODS: Through two 5 mm sized incisional windows, liposuction can be done in a two directional criss-cross pattern. Fifteen patients received this surgery for bilateral axillae on an outpatient basis. The follow-up period ranged from 8 months to 18 months, the mean follow-up period was 12.5 months. RESULTS: Of the 30 axillae, 28 axillae (93%) had excellent to good results. The axillary scars were short and nearly negligible (90%). Complications including one minor wound infection (3.3%) and one hematoma (3.3%), were improved with proper post-operative treatment. Four patients experienced transient fibrotic bands. All of these complications disappeared after 1~2 months. CONCLUSION: In axillary osmidrosis, superficial liposuction has the merits of high success rates, short scars, minimal postoperative care with a short term of compressive dressing and rapid recovery to normal life.

A Case of Vitamin K1 Dermatitis due to Intralesional Injection for Cosmetic Purpose / 대한피부과학회지

Vitamin K is a lipid-soluble vitamin used in the treatment of hypoprothrombinemia found in diseases of the liver, biliary tract and small intestine. Vitamin K1 (Phytonadione) is the natural form of vitamin K. Recently, a cream containing vitamin K1 has been marketed for topical use in the treatment of periorbital hyperpigmentation, telangiectasia and rosacea. Vitamin K1 dermatitis is a cutaneous adverse reaction to vitamin K1 and can cause acute pruritic, erythematous, eczematoid, indulated plaques or slowly-appearing sclerodermatous plaques. We present a case of dermatitis caused by a vitamin K1 intralesional injection for treatment of facial telangiectasia and flushing.

A Case of Eruptive Vellus Hair Cyst Treated by Mini-incision / 대한피부과학회지

Eruptive vellus hair cysts are yellowish or reddish-brown and are grouped or scattered papules with a smooth or crusted surface. The cysts occur predominantly over the anterior part of the chest, extremities and axillae, although they can also be seen on the neck and groin and may range from a single lesion to hundreds. Lesions have rarely been reported to regress spontaneously, so patients request treatment for cosmetic reasons. Few case reports exist on therapy for eruptive vellus hair cysts. It is known that therapies can lead to unsatisfying results or recurrences. We report a case of an eruptive vellus hair cyst successfully treated by mini-incision.

A Case of Ischemic Angina with Heart Failure due to Congenital Coronary Aterial Anomaly

Coronary artery fistula is an unusual anomaly in elderly patients that consists of a communication bet- ween one of the coronary arteries and other cardiac chambers or veins. It causes many cardiac compli- cations due to hemodynamic changes, and thus has recognized its clinical significance. It occurs usually in congenital origin, but also occurs secondarily in traumatic or neoplastic or artherosclerotic coronary diseases. Congenital coronary artery fistula is a very rare congenital anomaly that results in multiple hemodynamic complications. It has reported rarely in elderly patients, that induces myocardial ischemia due to coronary steal syndrome and heart failure that caused by diastolic volume overload via a left to left shunt. We observed a 68-year-old male patient with exertional chest pain and dyspnea, in whom selective coronary angiography revealed abnormal reticular communication between left anterior descending artery and left circumflex artery and drained to left ventricle through multiple microfistulous channels. We report this patient case who complicated by myocardial ischemia and left ventricular failure those caused by hemodynamic complication due to multiple coronary artery-left ventricular fistulae.

A Case of Ischemic Angina with Heart Failure due to Congenital Coronary Aterial Anomaly

Coronary artery fistula is an unusual anomaly in elderly patients that consists of a communication bet- ween one of the coronary arteries and other cardiac chambers or veins. It causes many cardiac compli- cations due to hemodynamic changes, and thus has recognized its clinical significance. It occurs usually in congenital origin, but also occurs secondarily in traumatic or neoplastic or artherosclerotic coronary diseases. Congenital coronary artery fistula is a very rare congenital anomaly that results in multiple hemodynamic complications. It has reported rarely in elderly patients, that induces myocardial ischemia due to coronary steal syndrome and heart failure that caused by diastolic volume overload via a left to left shunt. We observed a 68-year-old male patient with exertional chest pain and dyspnea, in whom selective coronary angiography revealed abnormal reticular communication between left anterior descending artery and left circumflex artery and drained to left ventricle through multiple microfistulous channels. We report this patient case who complicated by myocardial ischemia and left ventricular failure those caused by hemodynamic complication due to multiple coronary artery-left ventricular fistulae.